特朗普总统将美国与中国的人工智能竞争定位为国家安全的迫切任务，推动更快的技术研发以及为之提供动力的庞大数据中心和电力基础设施建设。
President Donald Trump has cast America's artificial intelligence race with China as a national-security imperative, pushing faster development of the technology and an immense buildout of the data centers and power infrastructure needed to fuel it. But the new CNBC All-America Economic Survey
但新发布的 CNBC《全美经济调查》显示，这一议程背后潜藏着日益加剧的政治紧张：共和党选民普遍支持人工智能研发的推进，但许多人反对在自家后院建设所需的庞大基础设施。
reveals a growing political tension beneath that agenda: Republican voters broadly support the push for AI development, but many oppose building the sprawling infrastructure needed to power it in their own backyards.
近 55% 的 MAGA 支持者希望企业在国会制定监管规定期间继续开发先进人工智能，而 27% 支持暂停。但只有 29% 的人会支持在距其住宅 10 英里以内建设数据中心，40% 的人则反对。在所有共和党人及倾向共和党的选民中——不仅限于自认 MAGA 运动的选民——支持在家附近建设数据中心的比例降至 24%。
Nearly 55% of MAGA supporters want companies to keep developing advanced AI while Congress works on regulations, versus 27% who favor a pause. But only 29% would support a data center within 10 miles of their home, while 40% oppose one. Among all Republicans and Republican-leaning voters — not just those who identify themselves with the MAGA movement — those who say they would support a data center near their home falls to 24%.
在全体选民中，63% 不希望在附近建人工智能数据中心，只有 13% 支持。
Across the electorate, 63% don't want a nearby AI data center and just 13% support one.
民主党人在反对方面居首：80% 反对附近设施，只有 4% 支持。
Democrats lead the opposition: 80% oppose nearby facilities while just 4% support them.
这种阻力正日益迫使特朗普以及曾经倡导数据中心的脆弱共和党人重新调整立场，面对党内前景黯淡的中期选举环境。
That resistance is increasingly forcing Trump and vulnerable Republicans who once championed data centers to recalibrate as they head into a bleak midterm election environment for the party.
“很多人对这些数据中心感到恼火，”前俄克拉荷马州民主党国会议员、公共首席行动政治行动委员会（Public First Action PAC）联合创始人布拉德·卡森说，该组织是由人工智能行业支持的政治团体，推动更严格的监管和保障措施。“人们也强烈坚持对人工智能设定合理的防护措施，而这将很难被超越。”
"Many people are annoyed by these data centers," said Brad Carson a former Democratic congressman from Oklahoma and co-founder of Public First Action PAC, an AI-industry-backed political group pushing for stronger regulation and safeguards. "People are also strongly insistent upon reasonable guardrails of AI, and that's going to be hard to beat."
CNBC 对全国 1,000 名登记选民的调查于 10 月 14 日至 18 日由哈特研究协会（Hart Research Associates）和公共舆论策略公司（Public Opinion Strategies）进行，误差幅度为正负 3.1 个百分点。数据中心距离问题仅对约 500 名选民的半样本提出，误差幅度为正负 4.38 个百分点。在此阅读完整的调查结果。
The CNBC survey of 1,000 registered voters nationwide was conducted Oct. 14-18 by Hart Research Associates and Public Opinion Strategies and has a margin of error of plus or minus 3.1 percentage points. The data-center proximity question was asked of a half-sample of roughly 500 voters, with a margin of error of plus or minus 4.38 percentage points. Read the full survey results here.
政治立场已从早期人工智能热潮时期转变，当时华盛顿和硅谷将该技术宣传为投资、增长和美国主导的途径。
The politics have shifted from the early AI boom, when Washington and Silicon Valley sold the technology as an avenue for investment, growth and American dominance.
但随着建设加速，其实体成本正变得难以忽视。社区正因电费飙升、电力和水资源需求激增、噪音、土地使用以及纳税人补贴而与数据中心展开争斗。再加上对人工智能导致的岗位流失的担忧，反对者如今将这些设施指为谁从热潮中受益、谁却要承担账单的实体象征。业界否认这种框架。
But as the buildout accelerates, its physical costs are becoming harder to ignore. Communities are fighting data centers over spiking electric bills soaring electricity and water demand, noise, land use and taxpayer subsidies. Coupled with job- displacement fears from AI, opponents now point to the facilities as a physical symbol of who benefits from the boom and who gets stuck with the bill. The industry rejects that framing.
“数据中心行业提供了显著且切实的利益，”数据中心联盟（Data Center Coalition）成员丹·迪奥里奥说，他指出就业、投资和税收收入，并补充运营商承诺“为我们使用的能源付费”。但在被问及如果共和党人继续掌控国会，选民最关心的议题时，调查显示 18% 的选民将未对人工智能和数据中心进行监管列为首要担忧。
“The data center industry provides significant, tangible benefits,” said Dan Diorio of the Data Center Coalition, pointing to jobs, investment and tax revenue while adding that operators are committed to “paying for the energy we use." But when asked their top concerns if Republicans retain Congress, 18% of voters in the survey cited a failure to regulate AI and data centers.
这一比例与对伊朗持续军事行动的关注持平，且超过对继续进行移民与海关执法局驱逐的关注（15%），超过对健康保险补贴削减的关注（10%），也高于对延长特朗普关税的关注（5%）。
That tied continued military efforts in Iran and outranked continued Immigration and Customs Enforcement deportations at 15%, cuts to health insurance subsidies at 10% and an extension of Trump's tariffs at 5%.
即使在希望共和党继续执政的选民中，仍有17%的人将弱化的人工智能和数据中心监管列为原因——仅次于未能降低物价。共和党策划者已注意到这一点。随着中期选举临近，特朗普的经济满意度跌至历史最低。腐败是选民在中期选举前最关心的问题。美国数字：选民对经济、通胀和特朗普的感受8月，国家共和党参议员委员会警告人工智能公司，数据中心的反弹正威胁参议员乔恩·胡斯特（Jon Husted）在俄亥俄的连任，称此议题是中期选举的“潜在危机”，可能使全国政界对未来项目产生厌恶，Axios 报道。
Even among voters who want Republicans to retain control, 17% cited weak AI and data center oversight — second only to a failure to bring down prices. GOP strategists have taken note. Trump’s approval rating on economy hits all-time low as midterm looms Corruption is voters’ top issue ahead of midterm election America by the numbers: How voters feel about the economy, inflation and Trump In August, the National Republican Senatorial Committee warned AI companies that data center backlash was threatening Sen.
作为2024年俄亥俄州副州长，胡斯特帮助宣布亚马逊网络服务（AWS）扩建项目，投资额达100亿美元，并称人工智能设施“对美国的经济优势至关重要”。如今，在与民主党人谢罗德·布朗（Sherrod Brown）的激烈参议院竞选中，后者已将反对数据中心列为竞选议题，胡斯特正推动停滞的立法，要求大型设施自行承担电网和发电费用，而不是将成本转嫁给居民用户。德克萨斯州的情况类似。
Jon Husted's reelection in Ohio, calling the issue a midterm "sleeper" that could sour politicians nationwide on future projects, Axios reported As Ohio lieutenant governor in 2024, Husted helped announce a $10 billion Amazon Web Services expansion, calling AI facilities " crucial to America's economic superiority " Now, in a tight Senate race against Democrat Sherrod Brown who has made data-center opposition a campaign issue, Husted is promoting stalled legislation to make large facilities cover their own grid and generation costs rather than pass them on to residential ratepayers. Texas tells a similar story.
在州长格雷格·阿博特（Greg Abbott）将该州称为“人工智能发展中心”不到一年后，数据中心的许可证因电网和水资源影响审查而被暂停，并呼吁结束州级税收激励。
Less than a year after Gov. Greg Abbott hailed the state as an " epicenter of AI development halted data center permits pending grid- and water-impact reviews and called for ending state tax incentives.
特朗普本人也显示出政治压力的迹象。周三，他在Truth Social上发帖称，数据中心开发商应向所在社区支付财政“红利”，并自行发电，认为当地的回报可以将不受欢迎的项目转变为受欢迎的项目。
Trump himself is showing signs of the political pressure. In a Truth Social post Wednesday, he said data center developers should pay host communities a financial "dividend" and generate their own power, arguing that local payouts can turn unpopular projects into popular ones.
目前，民主党在处理该议题上略占优势：32%的选民相信民主党能妥善应对数据中心扩张，而支持共和党的比例为24%。但有27%的选民表示，两党都不会比对方做得更好。
For now, Democrats hold a modest edge on managing the issue: 32% of voters trust them to handle data center expansion, versus 24% for the Republicans. But 27% said neither party would do a better job than the other.
CNBC的调查显示，这种怀疑情绪比当地的分区规定更为深刻。总体来看，52%的登记选民希望在国会通过安全监管之前暂停先进人工智能的研发，而支持加快步伐以跟上中国的比例为32%。民主党人则更为谨慎：70%的人赞成暂停，只有18%的人支持推进。
And the CNBC survey indicates this skepticism runs deeper than local zoning. Overall, 52% of registered voters want advanced AI development paused until Congress passes safety regulations, compared to 32% who favor moving ahead to keep pace with China. Democrats remain far more cautious: 70% favor a pause, while just 18% support pushing forward.
“辩论已经发生了巨大的转变，”卡森在接受CNBC采访时说。“一年前，很多人说，‘让它自行发展，根本不需要监管，企业应免于普通规则的约束。’”卡森表示，对人工智能的情绪在过去六个月里“恶化了很多”。
"The debate has shifted dramatically," Carson told CNBC. "A year ago, there were many people who said, 'Let it cook, no regulation at all, exempt the companies from normal rules.'" Carson said sentiment toward AI has "deteriorated a lot over the last six months."