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彭博社

欧元区经济放缓将促使欧洲央行暂时维持利率不变Euro-Zone Slowdown Will Help Keep ECB Rates on Hold for Now

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经济增长势头的减弱是欧洲央行可能暂时推迟加息的原因之一。尽管该地区的大部分注意力都集中在法国的财政和债券市场困境上,但周五公布的数据也将显示欧元区经济增长放缓,同时对采取更多抗通胀行动的需求也变得不那么紧迫。

Waning economic momentum is one reason the European Central Bank will probably hold off from raising interest rates for the time being. While much of the region’s attention is trained on France’s fiscal and bond-market woes, data due Friday will also reveal a slowdown in euro-zone growth alongside a less pressing need for more action on inflation.

彭博社的一项调查显示,第三季度经济扩张速度从第二季度受爱尔兰强劲表现推动的0.6%的爆发式增长放缓至0.2%。与此同时,其他调查显示,10月份该集团四大成员国的通胀水平缺乏明显的上升趋势。

A Bloomberg poll suggests third-quarter expansion moderated to 0.2% from a blowout 0.6% jump in the second that was boosted by a bumper result in Ireland. Separate surveys, meanwhile, show a clear upward inflation shift is lacking in October in the bloc’s four biggest members.

展望未来,自伊朗战争爆发以来欧洲所表现出的韧性可能正在动摇,商业活动开始减弱。尽管欧洲大陆目前表现尚可,但彭博经济研究欧元区首席经济学家西蒙娜·德勒·基亚耶(Simona Delle Chiaie)认为有理由保持谨慎。

Looking ahead, the resilience that’s characterized Europe since the Iran war erupted may be wavering, with business activity starting to flag. While the continent is still holding up well, Simona Delle Chiaie, chief euro-area economist at Bloomberg Economics, sees reason for caution.

“更大的问题是接下来会发生什么,”她说。“随着通胀保持高位,金融环境急剧收紧,经济增长面临的下行风险正在增加。”7月至9月期间的产出受到夏季热浪、关键水道水位低以及全球债券收益率飙升等因素的影响。此后背景进一步恶化,因为法国面临大规模抗议,且其公共财政状况受到质疑。

“The bigger question is what comes next,” she said. “With inflation remaining high and financial conditions tightening sharply, downside risks to growth are mounting.”Output between July and September was hit by factors like summer heat waves, low levels in key waterways and surging global bond yields. The backdrop has worsened since as France faces mass protests and doubts over its public finances.

随着法国私营部门在10月份萎缩,家乐福集团(Carrefour SA)警告称,全国范围内的抢劫活动将严重拖累其业绩。这家超市运营商的股价创下了自全球金融危机以来的最差单周表现。

With the country’s private sector shrinking in October, Carrefour SA warned that nationwide looting will weigh heavily on its performance. The supermarket operator’s shares registered their worst week since the global financial crisis.

作为该地区第一大经济体,德国在经历了多年的挣扎后,得益于政府的巨额支出,目前表现较好。即便如此,据德国联邦银行称,第三季度可能出现了停滞。

Germany, the region’s No. 1 economy, is faring better after years of struggles thanks to huge government spending. Even so, the third quarter likely saw stagnation, according to the Bundesbank.

本月通胀情况更为复杂,预计在年底前将达到4%。这部分归因于德国的燃油税退税,尽管分析师也预计西班牙的通胀数据会有所放缓。

Inflation, which appears destined to reach 4% before the year is out, is more mixed this month. That’s partly down to a German fuel-tax rebate, though analysts also anticipate a moderation in Spain’s reading.

对于经济学家而言,结论是欧洲央行只会在12月第三次也是最后一次上调存款利率,而不是在本周,本周利率将维持在2.5%。

The upshot for economists is the ECB only lifting its deposit rate for a third and final time in December rather than this week, when it will be left at 2.5%.

一些人对经济增长仍持乐观态度。法国巴黎银行认为,如果剔除波动较大的爱尔兰数据,得益于低失业率,欧洲在第三季度延续了韧性。德国央行预计未来将出现“显著”扩张。

Some remain upbeat on growth. BNP Paribas thinks Europe’s resilience continued in the third quarter, if volatile Irish data are excluded, thanks in part to low unemployment. Germany’s central bank envisages “noticeable” expansion to come.

但摩根士丹利欧洲首席经济学家延斯·艾森施密特(Jens Eisenschmidt)认为乌云正在聚集,他将能源短缺列为未来潜在的危险之一。

But clouds are gathering, according to Jens Eisenschmidt, chief European economist at Morgan Stanley, who lists energy shortages among potential perils ahead.

“短期内似乎没有解决能源危机的快速办法,考虑到德国天然气储备水平较低,如果遇到寒冬,我们甚至可能不得不考虑实行配给制的风险,”他说。

“There doesn’t seem to be a quick solution to the energy crisis in the short term and, given the low gas-storage levels in Germany, we may even have to consider the risk of rationing if there’s a cold winter,” he said.

债券市场是另一个需要考虑的因素。仅在法国,投资者要求持有10年期国债而非德国国债所支付的溢价,已达到欧洲债务危机期间的水平。

Bond markets are another factor to consider. In France alone, the premium investors demand to hold 10-year debt over Germany has reached levels last seen in Europe’s debt crisis.

欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德(Christine Lagarde)本月表示,自9月份会议以来,收益率已“显著”上升,这一转变将减缓经济增长,并减少高昂能源成本对经济的传导。

ECB President Christine Lagarde said this month that yields have risen “notably” since September’s meeting, a shift that will slow growth and reduce pass-through of high energy costs to the economy.

意大利央行行长法比奥·帕内塔(Fabio Panetta)周四排除了任何关于债务危机的说法,但他承认这种情况将导致“经济增长受阻”。美国银行表示,考虑到所有这些因素,法兰克福的决策者们将希望表现得比9月份会议时不那么强硬。

Dismissing any talk of a debt crisis, Italian central-bank Governor Fabio Panetta on Thursday nevertheless agreed that the situation will result in a “drag on growth.”With all that in mind, policymakers in Frankfurt will want to sound less hawkish than they did at September’s meeting, according to Bank of America.

由鲁本·塞古拉-卡尤埃拉(Ruben Segura-Cayuela)领导的经济学家们表示:“金融环境依然紧张,且看起来可能会进一步收紧,利差不断扩大,法国的政治事态发展正在加剧这些压力。”欧洲央行“将需要比过去更多地关注当前事态发展对经济增长的影响。”

“Financial conditions remain tight and look likely to tighten more, spreads keep widening, and political developments in France are exacerbating these pressures,” economists led by Ruben Segura-Cayuela said. The ECB “will need to focus more on the growth consequences of current developments than it has in the recent past.”

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