一名联邦法官周一晚间作出无限期裁定，阻止特朗普政府从华盛顿特区一座公共高尔夫球场砍伐哪怕一棵树，而总统唐纳德·特朗普打算立即将该球场改造成锦标赛级球场。她已命令政府在关闭球场或对东波托马克公园进行任何“不可逆改造”之前，至少提前十个工作日发出通知。
A federal judge on Monday night indefinitely blocked the Trump administration from removing even a single tree from a public golf course in Washington, D.C. that President Donald Trump intends to immediately transform into a championship-style course. She has ordered the government to provide notice of at least ten business days before any closure or any “irreversible modification” to the East Potomac Park.
美国地区法官安娜·雷耶斯批准了一个由保护组织和当地高尔夫球手组成的联盟的请求，阻止特朗普政府夷平该球场。此前，政府在最近一个节假日周末突然砍伐了数百棵树。
U.S. District Ana Reyes granted the request by a coalition of a preservationist group and local golfers to block the Trump administration from razing the course after the government abruptly chopped down hundreds of trees over a recent holiday weekend.
雷耶斯在裁决中加入了一项例外，允许特朗普政府移除任何树木或对公园的某一处进行任何改造，前提是该处构成“迫在眉睫的威胁”，但须同时向法院和原告提供24小时通知，并提交一名国家公园管理局高级雇员出具的宣誓声明，“证明该威胁以及采取所涉行动以应对该威胁的必要性”。雷耶斯在裁决中指出，此前一次听证会上曾出现争议：尽管特朗普总统当天在社交媒体上发帖称高尔夫球场计划正在推进，政府的律师却否认存在最终计划。
Reyes included one exception in her ruling, allowing the Trump administration to remove any tree or make any modification to an aspect of the park that is an “imminent threat,” as long as they provide both the court and the plaintiffs 24 hours’ notice and submit a sworn declaration from a senior National Parks service employee “attesting to the threat and the need of the taken action to address it.”In her ruling, Reyes pointed to a dispute from the previous hearing, when — despite President Trump posting on social media that day that plans for the golf course were moving ahead — lawyers for the government denied that there was a final plan.
“在此初步阶段，法院认定该计划是最终的，”雷耶斯写道，并补充说：“这不仅得到总统和部长众多帖文的证实，也得到政府行为的证实，尤其是政府在几乎没有真正通知的情况下移除了数百棵健康、非入侵性树木，”雷耶斯在裁决中写道。
“At this preliminary posture, the Court finds that the Plan is final,” Reyes wrote, adding, “This is confirmed not just by the President’s and Secretary’s many posts, but also by the Government’s actions, not the least of which is the removal of hundreds of healthy, non-invasive trees on no real notice,” Reyes wrote in the ruling.
雷耶斯对政府法庭上的论点与总统在舆论场上的表态之间一再脱节表示不满。
Reyes expressed frustration at the repeated disconnect between the government’s arguments in the courtroom and the president’s statements in the court of public opinion.
“美国司法部极少——甚至可以说从未——敦促联邦法院不信任在任总统。不信任他关于一位内阁部长已‘开发’联邦土地项目的说法。不信任他关于该部长所在机构将毁坏该土地上一座已有的历史高尔夫球场的说法。不信任他关于‘修复工作’将‘立即开始！’的说法。不信任他关于球场‘将关闭’逾一年的说法。不信任总统反复向美国公众所说的话，”雷耶斯写道。“然而，我们就身处此境。”
“Rarely, if ever, has the United States Department of Justice urged a federal court not to believe the sitting President. Not to believe him that a cabinet secretary has “developed” a federal land project. Not to believe him that the secretary’s agency will destroy a historic golf course already on the land. Not to believe him that ‘Restoration work’ will begin ‘IMMEDIATELY!’ Not to believe him that the course ‘will be closed’ for over a year. Not to believe what the President has repeatedly told the American public,” Reyes wrote. “And yet, here we are.”
雷耶斯曾多次拒绝在本案作出任何形式的裁决，转而选择信任政府。
On several occasions, Reyes had declined to issue any sort of a ruling in this case, instead choosing to trust the government.
“法院现在采取行动，只因政府做了其向所有人保证不会做的事，”雷耶斯写道。“在未向原告或法院给予实质性通知的情况下，国家公园管理局于10月10日在球场推倒了数百棵树。即使正如两名国家公园管理局官员作证所言，当时并无紧迫性，它仍这么做了。”
“The Court acts now only because the Government did what it assured all it would not do,” Reyes wrote. “Without meaningful notice to Plaintiffs or the Court, on October 10, it bulldozed hundreds of trees on the Course. It did so even though, as two NPS officials have testified, there was no urgency.”
“这是一场重大胜利，将正当保护东波托马克公园免受进一步不可挽回的损害。我们感激法院介入，在案件审理期间制止了特朗普-万斯政府的贪婪与无法无天，我们渴望在法庭上为本案辩论，”代表原告的“捍卫民主前进”组织首席执行官兼总裁斯凯·佩里曼周一在声明中表示。司法部未立即回应“MS NOW”的置评请求。
“This is a big win that will rightly protect East Potomac park from further irreparable harm. We are grateful the court intervened to stop the Trump-Vance administration’s greed and lawlessness while the case continues, and we are eager to argue the case in court,” Democracy Forward CEO and President Skye Perryman, who represents the plaintiffs, said in a statement Monday. The Justice Department did not immediately respond to MS NOW’s request for comment.
该联盟今年早些时候提起诉讼，此前有报道称特朗普计划重新开发该球场。他们曾请求雷耶斯禁止特朗普政府在未给予他们和法官充分通知的情况下作出任何改动——包括砍伐更多树木。他们还请求，如果政府计划关闭球场，也给予同样的通知。
The coalition filed a lawsuit earlier this year amid reports of Trump’s plans to redevelop the course. They had asked Reyes to block the Trump administration from making any changes – including chopping more trees – without giving them and the judge adequate notice. They also asked for the same notice if the government plans to close the course.
雷耶斯此前曾要求政府在砍伐十多棵树之前给予她充分通知。她上周举行了一次听证会——一周内针对此事的第二次听证会——以查明政府为何无视她的要求。
Reyes had previously requested the government provide her sufficient notice before cutting down more than ten trees. She held a hearing last week— the second on the matter in a week — to determine why the government had defied her request.
在这场马拉松式的听证会上，雷耶斯听取了关于原告要求限制政府翻新工程的辩论，以及内政部和国家公园管理局高级官员的证词。
During the marathon hearing, Reyes heard arguments over the plaintiffs’ request to restrict the government’s renovation work, as well as testimony from top Interior Department and National Parks Service officials.
该听证会于特朗普在“真相社交”上宣布立即关闭并彻底改造高尔夫球场的详细计划的同一天上午举行。该声明在法庭上造成了一种脱节，因为政府一再辩称翻新工程没有最终计划。
That hearing happened the same morning Trump announced on Truth Social detailed plans to immediately close and completely overhaul the golf course. That announcement created a disconnect in the courtroom, as the government has repeatedly argued that there are no final plans for the renovation.
一名内政部高级官员和国家公园管理局代理局长均作证称，他们不知道有关关闭球场并开始翻新的具体计划。雷耶斯就总统的声明向司法部律师施压。
Both a top Interior Department official and the acting Director of the National Parks Service testified they had no knowledge of firm plans to close the course and begin renovations. Reyes pressed the Department of Justice lawyers on the president’s announcement.
“那么我该相信谁，美国总统，还是该相信你？”她询问代表政府的律师罗伯特·斯坦德。
“So who do I believe, the President of the United States, or do I believe you?” she asked Robert Stander, a lawyer representing the government.
斯坦德没有直接回答雷耶斯的询问，但曾在听证会早些时候确认，“机构的立场是没有最终计划。”在整个听证会期间，雷耶斯要求就政府在她夏季明确要求政府若计划从球场移除超过10棵树则提供充分通知后，突然砍伐数百棵树且几乎未发出通知的决定作出解释。
Stander did not directly answer Reyes’ inquiry but had affirmed earlier in the hearing that “the agency’s position is that there is no final plan.”Throughout the hearing, Reyes demanded answers about the government’s decision to abruptly chop hundreds of trees with little notice after she had explicitly asked the government over the summer to provide sufficient notice if they planned to remove more than 10 trees from the course.
政府坚持称，砍树是2019年将球场恢复至原始设计计划的一部分。但原告反驳了这一说法，辩称移除树木之所以现在发生，是因为总统对高尔夫球场的计划。雷耶斯对砍树的时机也持怀疑态度。
The government has maintained that the tree chopping was part of a 2019 plan to restore the course to its original design. But the plaintiffs pushed back on that claim, arguing that the tree removal is only happening now because of the president’s plans for the golf course. Reyes was also skeptical about the timing of the tree removal.
格雷戈里·维舍尔（Gregory Wischer），美国内政部副幕僚长，在证词中表示，他的团队一直专注于“清理球场”。雷耶斯（Reyes）和原告代理律师阿布·洛威尔（Abbe Lowell）都要求说明，何时以及如何决定突然砍伐数百棵树木，以及为何政府直到前一晚才向法官和原告通报该计划。
Gregory Wischer, a deputy chief of staff at the Department of the Interior, testified that his team has been focused on “cleaning up the course.”Both Reyes and Abbe Lowell, a lawyer representing the plaintiffs, sought answers about how and when the decision to abruptly chop hundreds of trees was made and why the government did not inform either the judge or the plaintiffs about the plan until the night before.
但他们从未得到这些答案。政府律师屡次提出异议，称这些对话受律师-当事人特权保护。
But they never received those answers. Lawyers for the government repeatedly objected, saying those conversations were protected by attorney-client privilege.
“据我了解，他的证词将是他在所有项目上都在快速且强硬推进，”副检察长斯坦利·伍德沃德（Stanley Woodward）在听证会上说。“他作为副幕僚长的职责就是推动这些项目进展。”雷耶斯对该说法提出反驳。“没有任何情形可以解释这全部恰好在同一时间巧合发生，”她说。
“It is my understanding that his testimony will be that he was just going fast and hard on all projects,” Associate Attorney General Stanley Woodward said during the hearing. “His job as the deputy chief of staff is to move those projects along.”Reyes pushed back on that claim. “There is no universe in which this all just coincidentally happened at the same time,” she said.
这一说法呼应了她本月早些时候的发现，当时她暂时阻止政府砍伐树木，并要求在对球场进行任何“不可逆修改”前提前三天通知。该裁决设计为持续至10月26日。
That assertion echoed her findings earlier this month when she temporarily blocked the government from felling trees and mandating they give three days’ notice before making any “irreparable modification” to the course. That ruling was designed to remain in effect through Oct. 26.
在该命令中，她对政府违背她要求保持信息通报的请求表达了强烈不满。
In that order, she expressed deep frustration with the government for defying her request to keep her informed.
“以惊人的速度清除并无危害的树木。原因？有争议。预算？不明。环境影响？未研究。紧迫性？不存在。下一步：推土机再砍数百棵，”她在裁决中写道。
“Breakneck speed to clear trees that posed no harm. The reason? Disputed. The budget? Unclear. The environmental impact? Unstudied. The urgency? None. Next step: bulldoze hundreds more,” she wrote in her ruling.
该临时命令标志着雷耶斯首次正式阻止政府对高尔夫球场改造采取行动。自今年年初案件立案以来，她一直尽力抵制发出禁令，而是选择相信政府会遵守承诺。
That temporary order marked the first time Reyes formally blocked the government from taking action regarding the golf course renovation. Since the case was filed earlier this year, she has gone out of her way to resist granting injunctions, instead choosing to trust the government would keep its word.
显然，这种信任在政府于一个假期周末铲平那些树木后被打破了。政府于10月9日下午4点55分将其计划通知了法院。第二天早上——在法院尚未介入之前——他们已从球场移除了数百棵树。
That trust was apparently broken after the government razed those trees over a holiday weekend. The government notified the court of its plans at 4:55pm on Oct. 9. The next morning — before the court could intervene — they had removed hundreds of trees from the course.
雷耶斯在哥伦布日举行了紧急听证会。在这场持续四小时、气氛火爆的听证会上，她勃然大怒，对政府的行为大声斥责。
Reyes held an emergency hearing on Columbus Day. In the fiery four-hour hearing, she was livid, yelling at the government for their actions.
“我对政府感到失望至极，”雷耶斯说。“我已竭尽人力所能及地给予政府信任的余地。我这样做已持续数月。” 特朗普对这家当地高尔夫球场的计划——他一系列建设项目中的最新一个——已引起全国关注。东波托马克高尔夫球场的设计充分考虑了无障碍需求，旨在服务多元社区和普通高尔夫球手。许多华盛顿特区社区成员上周出席听声会，声援这项法律挑战。
“I am just beyond disappointed in the government,” Reyes said. “I have done everything humanly possible to give the government the benefit of the doubt. I have done it for months.”Trump’s plans for this local golf course – the latest in his series of construction projects – have gained national attention. East Potomac Golf Links was designed with accessibility in mind, to serve both diverse communities and the average golfer. Many members of the D.C. community attended the hearing last week in support of the legal challenge.
听证会上，雷耶斯暗示了该球场对社区的重要性，表示此案不仅关乎高尔夫球场的重新设计。
During the hearing, Reyes alluded to the significance of the course to the community, saying this case is not just about a golf course redesign.
“我们讨论的是一座历史悠久的高尔夫球场，”她说。“一个对特区人民具有深远意义、并受历史遗址保护的地方。”
“We are talking about a historic golf course,” she said. “A place that has deep meaning to the people of the district, and is protected as a historic land site.”