字号·· | 护眼
彭博社

勒庞声势上涨 法国可再生能源合同遭抢签Le Pen’s Rise Spurs Rush for French Renewable Contracts

点「原文对照」整页切到原文,或双击某段只看那段的原文。

法国塞斯塔斯的一座太阳能电站。A solar power station in Cestas, France.

法国可再生能源开发商正争相在明年总统大选前锁定国家担保合同,担心若极右翼领导人玛丽娜·勒庞当选,新项目将被叫停。

By Francois de Beaupuy French renewable developers are rushing to lock in state-backed contracts before next year’s presidential election, fearing a halt to new projects under a Marine Le Pen government.

这种抢夺源于民调显示,勒庞在五月大选中拥有巨大领先优势。勒庞承诺停止新的风能和太阳能项目,并抨击法国花费数十亿欧元补贴可再生能源。开发商们正激烈竞争,因为如果她获胜,这可能是未来数年内最后一次政府招标。

The scramble follows polls showing the far-right leader with a substantial lead ahead of the May vote. Le Pen has pledged to halt new wind and solar projects and attacked the billions of euros France spends supporting renewable power. Developers are now competing aggressively in what could be the last government tenders for years if she wins.

上一轮大型光伏电站招标报名量几乎是配额的六倍,中标者包括法国电力公司和Reden Solar SAS,他们同意以比去年招标平均低23%的价格售电。小型项目招标同样严重超额认购,导致价格下降15%。

The last auction for large solar farms was almost six times oversubscribed, with winning bidders including Electricite de France SA and Reden Solar SAS agreeing to sell power at prices averaging 23% lower than last year’s tender. An auction for smaller projects was also heavily oversubscribed, pushing prices down 15%.

竞争加剧和中标价走低,正在挤压一个已经在多年快速扩张后削减岗位和成本的行业。“这正在给我们的开发和建设利润率带来压力,”Mexens SAS董事总经理兼联合创始人托马斯·德·穆萨克表示。该公司在最新招标中中标,正在开发储能电池业务,并寻求海外增长,以“为一个没有招标的世界做准备”,他说。

The competition and lower-achieved prices are squeezing an industry already cutting jobs and costs after years of rapid expansion. “This is putting pressure on our margins of development and construction,” said Thomas de Moussac, managing director and co-founder of Mexens SAS, which won capacity in the latest tender. The company is developing battery storage as well as seeking growth abroad as it prepares “for a world without tenders,” he said.

效仿唐纳德·特朗普的剧本,勒庞多年来一直抨击可再生能源行业,指责去年超过60亿欧元(约合67亿美元)的补贴,以及埃马纽埃尔·马克龙总统的整体能源政策,导致法国人变穷、经济遭破坏。

Taking a leaf out of the Donald Trump playbook, Le Pen has attacked the renewables industry for years, blaming subsidies, which exceeded €6 billion ($6.7 billion) last year, and President Emmanuel Macron’s overall energy policy for making the French poorer and ruining the economy.

在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰导致能源价格于2022年飙升至纪录高位、且技术问题大幅削减法国核电产出的背景下,马克龙任内太阳能装机容量迅速扩张。

Solar capacity expanded rapidly under Macron after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine sent energy prices to records in 2022, while technical problems sharply reduced France’s nuclear output.

背景此后已发生变化。电力需求依然低迷,可再生能源发电量增长,法国电力公司(EDF)的核反应堆已恢复运行,促使政府下调部分绿色电力目标,以避免供过于求。

The backdrop has since changed. Power demand remains subdued, renewable generation has grown and EDF’s reactors have returned, prompting the government to scale back some of its green power targets to avoid a glut.

这一逆转正波及整个行业。2022年被麦格理资产管理及其合作伙伴收购的Reden,在未来招标存在不确定性的情况下,于今年年初冻结了在法国招聘项目开发人员。转而正在西班牙、意大利和德国拓展业务。

That reversal is now rippling through the industry. Reden, bought by Macquarie Asset Management and partners in 2022, froze hiring of project developers in France at the start of the year amid uncertainty over future tenders. It’s expanding instead in Spain, Italy and Germany.

包括Valorem在内的其他企业,在政府削减未来十年可再生能源增长目标后,今年已开始裁员降本。放缓加剧了对现有合同的竞争。

Others, including Valorem, started slashing jobs and costs this year after the government cut renewable growth targets for the coming decade. The slowdown has intensified competition for the contracts still available.

Reden首席执行官Frank Demaille表示,投资者接受的价格水平“仍具吸引力,以免面临可能出现的无招标期”,Reden在本月早些时候的地面光伏招标中中标了931兆瓦配额的20%。

Investors are accepting price levels “that are still interesting, before potentially facing a period without auctions,” said Frank Demaille, chief executive officer of Reden, which won 20% of the 931 megawatts awarded in the ground-mounted solar auction earlier this month.

低价也使可再生能源补贴之争更加复杂。在最新一轮招标中,大型光伏项目中标均价为每兆瓦时61欧元,大致与欧洲能源交易所2029年和2030年远期批发合约价格持平。当市场价格低于该水平时,政府向开发商支付差价;当市场价格高于该水平时,企业向国家支付差价。因此,若价格维持在当前水平附近,这些项目可能几乎不需要补贴,甚至可能为政府创收。

The low prices also complicate the debate over renewable subsidies. Large solar projects secured contracts averaging €61 per megawatt-hour in the latest tender, roughly in line with where 2029 and 2030 wholesale contracts on the European Energy Exchange. The government pays developers when market prices fall below that level, while companies pay the state when prices rise above it. The projects could therefore require little or no subsidy if prices remain near current levels, and could even generate revenue for the government if they rise.

能源部长Maud Bregeon表示,招标价格下降显示行业正变得更具竞争力。她称未来几个月还将安排更多可再生能源招标,并补充说,即将公布的陆上风电招标结果“令人鼓舞”。Reden也在开发配套储能的项目,并寻求向企业直接售电。

Energy Minister Maud Bregeon said the falling auction prices show the industry is becoming more competitive. More renewable tenders are planned in the coming months, she said, adding that results for an onshore wind auction that will be shortly unveiled are “encouraging.”Reden is also developing projects that combine batteries and are looking to sell more electricity directly to companies.

阅读媒体原文 ↗