伦敦——从可口可乐、宝洁，到雀巢、利洁时，全球顶尖的消费品和食品公司均警告称，尽管购物者仍不愿在食品杂货上大手笔消费，但为覆盖不断上涨的成本，它们明年将进一步提高价格。
LONDON -- The world's top consumer goods and food companies, from Coca-Cola and Procter & Gamble to Nestle and Reckitt, have warned of further price hikes next year to cover rising costs even as shoppers remain reluctant to splurge on groceries.
由于美国对伊朗的战争导致能源、原材料和货运成本上涨，那些生产从洗衣粉到汽水和零食等各种商品的公司，都面临着平衡之举，以保护利润率。
Higher energy, raw material and freight costs as a result of the US war on Iran mean that the companies making everything from laundry detergent to soda and snacks face a balancing act to protect profit margins.
日常商品价格进一步上涨将加剧人们对通胀将持续到明年的担忧。高昂的汽油和食品杂货账单是下周美国中期选举的一个重要因素。
Even higher prices on everyday items will fuel concerns that inflation will persist into next year. High gas and grocery bills are a big factor in next week's US midterm elections.
与战争相关的成本飙升是消费品、食品和饮料公司面临的最新头疼问题。自疫情暴发以来，这些公司一直苦于销售低迷，因为购物者对日益昂贵的品牌包装食品望而却步。
Soaring costs related to the war are the latest headache for consumer goods, food and drink companies, which have struggled with lackluster sales since the pandemic, as shoppers have balked at increasingly expensive name-brand packaged food.
去年，它们不得不应对美国总统唐纳德·特朗普对进口商品征收的关税。
Last year, they had to contend with tariffs on imported goods imposed by US President Donald Trump.
“定价是这些公司剩下的最后一根杠杆，而他们正把它用在一个已经无力支付更多费用的消费者身上。”百事公司投资者阿普特斯资本顾问公司股票部门主管兼投资组合经理戴维·瓦格纳说。
"Pricing is the last lever these companies have left, and they’re pulling it into a consumer who’s already tapped out on paying more," said David Wagner, head of equity and portfolio manager at PepsiCo investor Aptus Capital Advisors.
周二，可口可乐首席执行官恩里克·布劳恩表示，对消费者的压力可能会延续到2027年。
On Tuesday, Coca-Cola CEO Henrique Braun said pressure on consumers could extend into 2027.
“我们看到成本压力上升……这是由物流和运输成本增加所驱动的。”他在公司上调年度利润预期时表示。
"We are seeing elevated cost pressures ... driven by increased logistics and transportation costs," he said as the company raised its annual profit forecast.
挑战在于弄清楚价格能涨到多高，购物者才会转身离开。瑞士莲史宾利公司董事长表示，这家瑞士巧克力制造商正陷入困境，因为它误判了消费者对涨价会作何反应。就在该公司因担忧业绩而罢免首席执行官几天后，他发表了上述言论。各公司已经没有什么办法来消化成本了。
The challenge is working out how high prices can rise before shoppers walk away. The chair of Lindt & Sprüngli said the Swiss chocolate maker is struggling because it misjudged how consumers would respond to price increases. He spoke days after the company ousted its CEO over concerns about its performance. Companies are running out of ways to absorb costs.
利洁时首席执行官克里斯·利希特表示，欧洲和北美的消费者尤其受到挤压。
Consumers in Europe and North America are particularly squeezed, said Reckitt CEO Kris Licht.
他说，公司必须决定在定价中转嫁多少成本上涨，多少通过增加促销支出来抵消。
He said companies must decide how much of the cost increase to pass on through pricing and how much to offset with more promotional spending.
“在这种商品成本和投入成本水平下，我们可能不得不提高更多的价格，”莱希特在杜蕾斯制造商下调年度收入预期后表示，此举导致其股价周二下跌约5%。
"We will probably have to price more at this level of commodity costs and input costs," Licht said after the Durex maker trimmed its annual revenue forecast, sending its shares down around 5 percent Tuesday.
宝洁首席财务官安德烈·舒尔滕在上周泰晤士洗衣粉制造商将因原材料、能源和运费成本上升导致的利润冲击从10亿美元上调至14亿美元后，表达了类似观点。
Procter & Gamble CFO Andre Schulten expressed a similar view after the Tide detergent maker last week hiked its expected hit to profit from rising raw material, energy and freight costs to $1.4 billion from $1 billion.
“在这种商品压力水平下……整个行业普遍在涨价，因为没有办法在不涨价的情况下抵消这种商品压力，”舒尔滕说。
"At this level of commodity pressure ... the industry generally is pricing up because there is no way to recover this level of commodity pressure without pricing," Schulten said.
宝洁在上季度的定价和销售保持稳定，但更高的成本确实侵蚀了利润率，扎克斯投资管理公司首席市场策略师布赖恩·马尔伯里表示。
Procter & Gamble's pricing and sales held steady in the last quarter, but higher costs really hurt margins, said Brian Mulberry, chief market strategist at Zacks Investment Management.
“如果消费者看到价值，仍然会继续消费……但我们可能已经接近消费者愿意为零食支付的上限，”马尔伯里说。
"Consumers are still spending if they see the value ... but we likely are near the upper limit of what consumers are willing to pay for snacks," Mulberry said.
百事公司今年在提价和降价之间摇摆，以提振疲软的销售，并在上季度遭受了利润率的冲击。
PepsiCo has swung between price rises and cuts this year in an effort to boost sluggish sales and it suffered a margin hit last quarter.
提价有失去客户的风险。雀巢首席财务官安娜·曼兹上周表示，公司提价时，短期内销量可能会下降，因为消费者需要时间适应。
Raising prices risks losing customers. Nestle CFO Anna Manz said last week that volumes can dip in the short term when the company raises prices, as consumers adjust.
“展望未来，投入成本再次出现上行压力，”曼兹在雀巢公布自2024年以来首次出现季度销量增长快于价格增长后说。
"Looking forward, there's now again some upward pressure on input costs," Manz said as Nestle posted faster quarterly volume growth than pricing growth for the first time since 2024.
“我们将在不损害中期消费者渗透的前提下，尽可能进行定价，”她说。
"We'll take pricing to the extent we can without damaging medium-term consumer penetration," she said.