全美选民将于11月3日前往投票所参加中期选举，这场选举可能会重塑国会，并决定唐纳德·特朗普总统在其任期最后两年推进其立法议程的能力。
Voters across the U.S. will head to the polls on Nov. 3 for midterm elections that could reshape Congress and determine President Donald Trump's ability to advance his legislative agenda during the final two years of his term.
众议院全部435个席位以及参议院100个席位中的35个——全部为全体选区选举产生——正面临争夺。
All 435 seats in the House of Representatives and 35 of the Senate's 100 seats – all elected at large – are up for grabs.
在参议院，共和党目前拥有53个席位，民主党拥有45个席位，另有两名与民主党同属一个党团的无党派人士，这使得后者拥有47票。民主党需要净增4个席位才能获得参议院多数地位。
In the Senate, Republicans currently hold 53 seats, compared with 45 Democrats and two independents who caucus with Democrats, giving the latter 47 votes. Democrats need a net gain of four seats to secure a Senate majority.
民调显示，数个由共和党把持的州竞争激烈，而民主党也在一些在2024年总统选举中支持特朗普的州防守其席位。以下是备受瞩目的八场参议院选举。
Polls show close contests in several Republican-held states, while Democrats are also defending seats in states that supported Trump in the 2024 presidential election. Here are eight Senate races drawing particular attention.
民主党人阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德（Abdul El-Sayed）正在前共和党众议员迈克·罗杰斯（Mike Rogers）的竞选对手中，争夺接替即将退休的民主党参议员加里·彼得斯（Gary Peters）的席位。
Democrat Abdul El-Sayed is facing former Republican Congressman Mike Rogers in the contest to replace retiring Democratic Sen. Gary Peters.
《底特律新闻》与WDIV电视台于10月19日至22日进行的民调显示，在600名可能投票的选民中，埃尔-赛义德以51.4%对45.1%领先罗杰斯，3.6%的选民尚未决定。误差范围为4个百分点。
A Detroit News/WDIV-TV poll done on Oct. 19-22 showed El-Sayed leading Rogers 51.4% to 45.1% among 600 likely voters, with 3.6% undecided. The margin of error was four percentage points.
密歇根州2024年的上一次参议院选举在投出的超过550万张选票中，仅以1万9006票之差分出胜负，当时民主党人埃莉萨·斯洛特金（Elissa Slotkin）击败了罗杰斯，赢得了该州的另一个参议院席位。
Michigan's previous Senate election in 2024 was decided by just 19,006 votes out of more than 5.5 million cast, when Democrat Elissa Slotkin defeated Rogers to win the state’s other senatorial seat.
这场竞选引发了额外关注，因为曾任公共卫生官员的埃尔-赛义德如果获胜，将成为第一位当选美国参议员穆斯林。
The race has drawn additional attention because El-Sayed, a former public health official, would become the first Muslim elected to the US Senate if he wins.
埃尔-赛义德对有关其宗教信仰将在某种程度上等同于“效忠双重性”的说法进行了强有力地反击，他指出已故的天主教徒约翰·F·肯尼迪在1960年竞选总统时也曾面临类似的指控。
El-Sayed has hit back hard against claims that his religious faith would somehow amount to “double loyalty,” pointing out that the late John F. Kennedy, a Catholic, faced similar allegations when he ran for president in 1960.
已连任五届的共和党参议员苏珊·柯林斯（Susan Collins）将面对民主党人、缅因州参议院前议长特洛伊·杰克逊（Troy Jackson）。
Five-term Republican Sen. Susan Collins faces Democrat Troy Jackson, a former president of the Maine Senate.
马里斯特学院民调周二发布显示，在可能投票者中，杰克逊获得49%支持率，柯林斯为47%。该调查于10月22日至25日进行，误差范围为6.6个百分点。
A Marist poll released Tuesday showed Jackson with 49% support among likely voters, compared with 47% for Collins. The survey was done on Oct. 22-25 and had a margin of error of 6.6 percentage points.
柯林斯在2020年上届选举中以51%得票率获胜，击败了获得约42%选票的民主党人萨拉·吉迪恩。
Collins won her previous election in 2020 with 51% of the vote, defeating Democrat Sara Gideon, who received approximately 42%.
然而，缅因州在2024年大选中支持民主党总统候选人哈里斯，以52.4%对45.5%击败特朗普。
However, Maine supported Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris in 2024 by 52.4% to 45.5% over Trump.
为争取选民，柯林斯宣扬自己作为有影响力的中间派、能为缅因州带来丰厚利益的地位。杰克逊则质疑她的中间派立场，称柯林斯在很大程度上支持特朗普的议程。
Wooing voters, Collins has touted her status as a powerful centrist who brings lucrative benefits to Maine. Jackson has called her centrism into question, saying that Collins largely supports Trump’s agenda.
共和党籍州检察长帕克斯顿面对民主党籍州议员塔拉里科，角逐即将卸任的共和党参议员科宁的席位。
Republican state Attorney General Ken Paxton faces Democratic state lawmaker James Talarico for the seat held by retiring Republican Sen. John Cornyn.
民主党若赢得该席位将是重大冷门，因为他们自1988年以来未在德克萨斯州赢得过联邦参议员选项。
Democrats capturing the seat would be a major upset, as they have not won a US Senate election in Texas since 1988.
尤尼维西翁/优戈民调周二发布显示，在10月13日至21日接受调查的1000名登记选民中，塔拉里科以50%对45%领先帕克斯顿，误差范围为3.8个百分点。
A Univision/YouGov poll released Tuesday showed Talarico leading Paxton 50% to 45% among 1,000 registered voters surveyed on Oct. 13-21, with a margin of error of 3.8 percentage points.
塔拉里科将其基督教信仰作为竞选的重要部分，这对民主党人来说不寻常，并指控帕克斯顿贪腐。帕克斯顿拥有特朗普的背书，以及在德州设有公司的亿万富翁马斯克的大量竞选资金支持。
Unusually for a Democrat, Talarico has made his Christian faith a large part of his campaign, and has also alleged that Paxton is corrupt. Paxton boasts an endorsement from Trump as well as heavy campaign spending by billionaire Elon Musk, who has companies based in Texas.
德克萨斯州是美国人口第二大州，拥有超过1900万登记选民，较2024年大选增加2.2%。
Texas – the second-largest US state by population – has over 19 million registered voters, up 2.2% from the 2024 presidential election.
在那次大选中，共和党参议员克鲁兹以53.1%对44.6%击败民主党人阿尔雷德。
In that election, Republican Sen. Ted Cruz defeated Democrat Colin Allred 53.1% to 44.6%.
前民主党参议员布朗寻求重返国会，对阵共和党参议员休斯特，后者获任命接替万斯，因万斯就任副总统而放弃该席位。
Former Democratic Sen. Sherrod Brown is seeking a return to Congress against Republican Sen. Jon Husted, who was appointed to replace JD Vance, as he gave up the seat when he became vice president.
内幕优势民调于10月21日至22日进行，显示在1200名可能投票者中，布朗以47%对44%领先休斯特，误差范围为2.8个百分点。
An InsiderAdvantage poll done on Oct. 21-22 showed Brown leading Husted 47% to 44% among 1,200 likely voters, with a margin of error of 2.8 percentage points.
福克斯新闻频道于10月15日至19日进行的民意调查显示，在1,592名可能投票的选民中，布朗以52%对47%领先。
A Fox News poll done on Oct. 15-19 showed Brown ahead 52% to 47% among 1,592 likely voters.
布朗在2024年的连任竞选中败给了共和党人伯尼·莫雷诺，莫雷诺获得了50.1%的选票，布朗则获得了46.5%。在同一场选举中，特朗普以大约11个百分点的优势赢得了俄亥俄州。
Brown lost his reelection bid in 2024 to Republican Bernie Moreno, who got 50.1% of the vote against Brown's 46.5%. Trump carried Ohio by approximately 11 percentage points in the same election.
布朗将反对建设新的数据中心作为其竞选的支柱，而休斯蒂德则猛烈抨击了民主党在能源和移民方面的政策。
Brown has made his opposition to the building of new data centers a pillar of his campaign, while Husted has blasted Democratic policies on energy and immigration.
共和党参议员丹·沙利文在一个采用排序选择投票制的州面临前民主党众议员玛丽·佩尔托拉的挑战。
Republican Sen. Dan Sullivan faces former Democratic Rep. Mary Peltola in a state that uses ranked-choice voting.
数据为进步组织于10月8日至16日进行的一项调查显示，在694名可能投票的选民中，佩尔托拉获得了47%的第一选择支持率，而沙利文的支持率为44%。
A Data for Progress survey done on Oct. 8-16 showed Peltola getting 47% of first-choice support, compared with 44% for Sullivan, among 694 likely voters.
公共政策民调基金会于10月14日至15日进行的另一项调查显示，在578名已登记选民中，佩尔托拉以48%对47%领先沙利文，这处于该调查4.1个百分点的误差范围内。
A separate Public Policy Polling survey done on Oct. 14-15 showed Peltola leading Sullivan 48% to 47% among 578 registered voters, within its 4.1-point margin of error.
沙利文在2020年的连任竞选赢得大约54%的选票，击败了获得41%选票的无党派人士阿尔·格罗斯。
Sullivan won reelection in 2020 with approximately 54% of the vote, defeating independent Al Gross, who received 41%.
阿拉斯加是一个严重倾向于共和党的州，但自伊朗战争爆发以来，汽油和柴油价格的高企——已经高于美国本土48个州——挤压了许多家庭，并可能导致一些选民重新考虑他们的选择。
Alaska is a heavily Republican-leaning state, but the high price of gas and diesel fuel – already higher than in the 48 contiguous US states – since the start of the Iran war has squeezed many households, and could cause some voters to rethink their choices.
共和党众议员阿什利·欣森正面临民主党州议员乔什·图雷克的挑战，以争夺由共和党参议员乔尼·恩斯特空出的席位。
Republican Rep. Ashley Hinson is facing Democratic state lawmaker Josh Turek for the seat being vacated by Republican Sen. Joni Ernst.
InsiderAdvantage于10月21日至22日进行的民意调查显示，在1,200名可能投票的选民中，欣森以47%对45%领先图雷克。
An InsiderAdvantage poll done on Oct. 21-22 showed Hinson leading Turek 47% to 45% among 1,200 likely voters.
马里斯特研究所于10月8日至11日进行的调查显示，在可能投票的选民中，图雷克以48%对45%领先，这凸显了近期各项调查之间的差异。
A Marist survey done on Oct. 8-11 showed Turek ahead 48% to 45% among likely voters, highlighting differences between recent surveys.
恩斯特在2020年的连任竞选中以51.8%的得票率胜出，民主党人特蕾莎·格林菲尔德的得票率为45.2%。
Ernst secured reelection in 2020 with 51.8% of the vote against Democrat Theresa Greenfield's 45.2%.
在2024年总统选举中，特朗普以大约13个百分点的优势赢得了艾奥瓦州。
Trump carried Iowa by approximately 13 percentage points in the 2024 presidential election.
爱荷华州的农民群体庞大，许多两年前支持特朗普的人对关税和高油价对其钱包造成的影响感到不满。
Farmers are a large constituency in Iowa, and many who supported Trump two years ago are unhappy about the impact of tariffs and high fuel prices on their wallets.
共和党参议员罗杰·马歇尔面对的是民主党人亚当·汉密尔顿，后者是一名卫理公会牧师，而该州近一个世纪以来，即自1932年以来，从未选出过民主党参议员。
Republican Sen. Roger Marshall faces Democrat Adam Hamilton, a Methodist pastor, in a state that has not elected a Democratic senator since 1932, nearly a century ago.
10月13日至14日进行的一项InsiderAdvantage民调显示，在1200名可能投票者中，马歇尔以48%对47%领先汉密尔顿。
An InsiderAdvantage poll done on Oct. 13-14 showed Marshall leading Hamilton 48% to 47% among 1,200 likely voters.
9月24日至10月4日进行的一项较早的YouGov民调则显示，汉密尔顿以48%对45%领先。
An earlier YouGov poll done Sept. 24-Oct. 4 put Hamilton ahead 48% to 45%.
据美联社报道，这场竞选已吸引了估计7100万美元的计划政治广告支出，双方都在该州大量投入资源，特朗普在2024年曾以约16个百分点的优势赢下该州。
The race has attracted an estimated $71 million in planned political advertising, according to The Associated Press, as both parties invest heavily in a state Trump carried by approximately 16 percentage points in 2024.
前民主党州长罗伊·库珀将面对迈克尔·沃特利，后者是前共和党全国委员会主席，两人竞逐由共和党参议员汤姆·蒂利斯留下的空缺席位。
Former Democratic Gov. Roy Cooper faces Michael Whatley, a former Republican National Committee chairman, for the seat being vacated by Republican Sen. Thom Tillis.
10月24日至25日进行的一项Quantus Insights民调显示，在722名可能投票者中，库珀以51.4%对42.8%领先沃特利，另有3.4%未决定。
A Quantus Insights poll done on Oct. 24-25 showed Cooper leading Whatley 51.4% to 42.8% among 722 likely voters, with 3.4% undecided.
另一项10月20日进行的Harper Polling民调显示，库珀以49%对39%领先。
A separate Harper Polling survey done on Oct. 20 showed Cooper ahead 49% to 39%.
全国共和党近期从北卡罗来纳州撤回了竞选开支，表明他们已认定该席位大概率失守。
National Republicans recently pulled their campaign spending from North Carolina, signaling they have conceded the seat as likely lost.
北卡罗来纳州在2024年总统大选中竞争激烈，特朗普获得50.86%的选票，哈里斯获得47.65%。全州共投出逾570万张选票，登记选民投票率达73.7%。
North Carolina was closely contested in the 2024 presidential election, when Trump received 50.86% of the vote against Harris' 47.65%. More than 5.7 million ballots were cast statewide in that election, representing turnout of 73.7% among registered voters.
佐治亚州：民主党参议员乔恩·奥索夫面对共和党众议员迈克·柯林斯，特朗普在2024年赢下了该州。
Georgia: Democratic Sen. Jon Ossoff faces Republican Rep. Mike Collins in a state Trump won in 2024.
10月7日至15日进行的一项《亚特大宪报》/佐治亚大学民调显示，在1000名可能投票者中，奥索夫以48%对40%领先，另有12%未决定。奥索夫大力抨击他所谓的腐败，被视为未来几年民主党总统候选人的有力人选。
An Atlanta Journal-Constitution/University of Georgia poll done on Oct. 7-15 showed Ossoff leading 48% to 40% among 1,000 likely voters, with 12% undecided. Campaigning hard against what he calls corruption, Osoff is seen as a likely Democratic presidential candidate in the years ahead.
新罕布什尔州：民主党籍众议员克里斯·帕帕斯（Chris Pappas）将与共和党前参议员约翰·苏努努（John Sununu）争夺民主党籍参议员珍妮·沙欣（Jeanne Shaheen）即将空出的席位。拉斯穆森报告（Rasmussen Reports）于10月20日至23日进行的一项民调显示，帕帕斯在可能投票者中以50%对44%领先。
New Hampshire: Democratic Rep. Chris Pappas faces former Republican Sen. John Sununu for the seat being vacated by Democrat Jeanne Shaheen. A Rasmussen Reports poll done on Oct. 20-23 showed Pappas leading 50% to 44% among likely voters.
内布拉斯加州：共和党籍参议员皮特·里基茨（Pete Ricketts）将面对独立候选人丹·奥斯本（Dan Osborn）。GBAO于10月18日至22日对800名可能投票者进行的一项民调显示，奥斯本以46%对45%领先，处于误差范围内。奥斯本尚未承诺将加入任一主要政党的党团会议，这可能会使参议院控制权的计算变得更加复杂。
Nebraska: Republican Sen. Pete Ricketts faces independent candidate Dan Osborn. A GBAO poll done on Oct. 18-22 showed Osborn leading 46% to 45% among 800 likely voters, within the margin of error. Osborn has not committed to caucusing with either major party, potentially complicating calculations of Senate control.