华盛顿，10月29日——据四名知情官员透露，五角大楼正将美国各地军事基地八月份发生的一系列神秘冷柜故障视为一起涉嫌黑客攻击，这些故障导致食物变质。
WASHINGTON, Oct 29 - The Pentagon is treating the spate of mysterious freezer malfunctions that spoiled food at military bases across the United States in August as a suspected hack, according to four officials familiar with the matter.
其中一名官员表示，军方调查人员正与法国同行保持联系，就本月早些时候法国商业冷柜遭遇的类似网络攻击进行沟通，该攻击曾扰乱当地超市运营。
One of the officials said the military investigators were in touch with their French counterparts about a similar cyberattack on commercial freezers that disrupted supermarkets there earlier this month.
路透社无法确定五角大楼调查的进展，也无法确定其是否就事件经过或可能责任人得出任何结论。当被问及调查情况时，五角大楼表示，网络司令部——军方的网络部队——的一个单位正“与跨部门及执法合作伙伴密切协作”，并未进一步说明。
Reuters was not able to ascertain how far along the Pentagon's investigation was or whether it had reached any conclusions about what happened or who might be responsible. When asked about the investigation, the Pentagon said that a unit of Cyber Command — the military's cyber force — was "working in close coordination with interagency and law enforcement partners." It did not elaborate.
美国陆军刑事调查司表示，其网络现场办公室参与了调查，并正与法国执法部门合作，以更好地了解“欧洲的制冷中断”。根据路透社对军事基地当时发布的Facebook帖子和网站更新的审查，八月下旬美国发生的故障影响了至少六家军用商店——即军方人员购买食物的基地内商店。在至少一起案例中，冷柜并非单纯停止工作；制冷装置的温度在夜间被调高，导致第二天早上出现大量蔫掉或融化的食物。
The US Army Criminal Investigation Division said its Cyber Field Office was involved in the investigation and that it was working with French law enforcement to better understand "the refrigeration outages in Europe." The late August malfunctions in the United States affected at least six commissaries — on-base stores where military personnel buy their food — according to a Reuters review of the military bases' contemporaneous Facebook posts and website updates. In at least one of the cases, the freezers did not simply stop working; the cooling units' temperatures were cranked up overnight, yielding mounds of wilted or melted food in the morning.
亚利桑那州胡阿楚卡堡的Facebook账号8月26日解释说，其冷冻柜“进入了除霜模式，把所有食物都加热了。相信我们，它确实‘变质’了。”冷冻柜异常行为的频发以及网络破坏的可能性，最早于8月28日由一个名为“信号与寂静”的新建博客报道。军方调查人员的介入及其与法国方面的联系，分别由《星条旗报》和英国《每日电讯报》报道。调查人员正将此事件视为疑似黑客攻击，此消息首次在此报道。法国驻华盛顿大使馆未回复置评请求。
The Fort Huachuca, Arizona, Facebook account explained on August 26 that its freezer "went into defrost mode where it heated up all the food. Trust us when we say it was 'spoiled.'" The spate of rogue freezer behavior and the possibility of cybersabotage were first reported on August 28 by a recently created blog called Signal and Silence. The involvement of military investigators and their contacts with the French were reported by the newspaper Stars and Stripes and Britain's Daily Telegraph, respectively. The news that the investigators were treating the incident as a suspected hack is being reported here for the first time. The French Embassy in Washington did not return a message seeking comment.
法国冷冻柜被“烧毁” 如果确认为网络攻击，冰箱故障将是另一例说明关键基础设施——在此例中为冷藏设施——对黑客有多么脆弱。
FRENCH FREEZERS FRIED If confirmed to be a cyberattack, the refrigerator malfunctions would be another illustration of how vulnerable critical infrastructure — in this case cold storage — can be to hackers.
法国冷冻柜网络攻击篡改了350多家商业场所制冷设备的温度控制，导致超市冷冻食品货架上的变质商品被清空，出现了戏剧性场景。
The French freezer cyberattack overrode the temperature controls on commercial cooling units in more than 350 establishments, leading to dramatic scenes as supermarkets' frozen food aisles were cleared of spoiled merchandise.
法国黑客攻击是将设备内部温度调高，而非仅仅让其离线，这与亚利桑那州胡阿楚卡堡发生的情况类似。部分法国制冷设备的温度被调得如此之高以至于起火。一家超市老板本月早些时候估计，法国此次攻击的总成本可能高达数千万欧元。
The French hack involved cranking the temperature inside the units up rather than merely knocking them offline, similar to what happened in Fort Huachuca in Arizona. Some French refrigeration units had the temperature turned up so high they caught fire. The French attack's total costs could add up to tens of millions of euros nationwide, one supermarket owner estimated earlier this month.
专家此前对路透社表示，这起发生在法国的网络攻击似乎很容易得手。丹麦公司丹佛斯（Danfoss）的控制器运行着许多受影响设备，该公司表示，许多控制器已经过时，或运行的是过时的固件，这可能让黑客很容易入侵。路透社无法确认受影响的美军基地使用的是丹佛斯还是其他品牌的冷冻控制器。丹佛斯没有回复寻求置评的消息。
The French cyberattack appeared to have been easy to pull off, experts previously told Reuters. The Danish firm Danfoss, whose controllers ran made many of the stricken units, said that many of the controllers were obsolete or were running outdated firmware, which could have made it easy for hackers to break in. Reuters could not establish whether Danfoss or any other brand of freezer controller were in use at the affected US bases. Danfoss did not return messages seeking comment.
骇人的黑客入侵：制冷系统在新鲜食品的流通中扮演着关键角色，通过互联网破坏冷藏设施长期以来一直被视为噩梦般的场景，与断电或水厂瘫痪并列。
CHILLING HACKS Refrigeration plays a critical role in the distribution of fresh food and the sabotage of cold storage facilities over the internet has long been seen as a nightmare scenario, alongside the loss of electricity or water plants.
今年早些时候，行业机构全球食品安全倡议呼吁食品安全专业人士与IT负责人携手合作，确保制冷技术具备“强大的网络安全”，并指出“被黑客入侵的制冷系统与损坏的制冷系统同样危险”。此前，黑客曾在美国和其他地方破坏冰箱和冰柜。
Earlier this year, the Global Food Safety Initiative, an industry body, called on food safety professionals and IT leaders to work together to ensure "robust cybersecurity" for refrigeration technology, noting that "a hacked cooling system is just as dangerous as a broken one." Hackers have previously sabotaged fridges and freezers both in the United States and elsewhere.
丹佛斯曾表示，2022年，黑客曾攻击或入侵俄罗斯和以色列境内使用其过时冷库控制器的超市。去年12月，洛杉矶联邦检察官指控一名乌克兰女性参与一个黑客组织，该组织在2024年瘫痪了一家肉类加工厂的制冷系统，导致超过2000磅肉类损毁。
Danfoss has said that, in 2022, hackers either targeted or broke into supermarkets in Russia and Israel that were using obsolete versions of its cold storage controllers. In December of last year, federal prosecutors in Los Angeles accused a Ukrainian woman of being part of a hacker group that knocked out the refrigeration at a meatpacking facility in 2024, ruining more than 2,000 pounds of meat.
工业网络安全公司Xona Systems首席执行官比尔·摩尔表示，根本问题在于，最初被设想为独立接口、由技术人员现场维护的控制器，正越来越多地连接到互联网。他说，对设备联网的担忧并非制冷系统独有，但在制冷系统中可能产生特别严重的后果。他说：“这肯定会扰乱食品供应链。”
The root problem was that controllers that were initially conceived as isolated interfaces that would be serviced by an in-person technician were increasingly being connected to the internet, said Bill Moore, the chief executive of industrial cybersecurity firm Xona Systems. Concerns about online exposure were not unique to cooling systems, he said, but they could have particularly serious consequences there. "It can definitely disrupt the supply chain for food," he said.