
英国最新的银行与最新的财政大臣有着共同点:他们都将目光投向了该国最年轻的企业,押注于增长。
Britain’s newest banks and its newest chancellor have something in common: They are honing in on the country’s youngest businesses in a bet on growth.
财政大臣约翰·希利本周公布了一系列措施,旨在通过为初创企业和小企业提供资金来促进增长。数字银行——包括 Revolut Ltd. 和 Monzo Bank Ltd.——也将同一客户群视为利润丰厚的机会。
Chancellor of the Exchequer John Healey this week unveiled measures intended to increase growth by funding startups and small businesses. That’s the same customer base digital banks including Revolut Ltd. and Monzo Bank Ltd. see as a lucrative opportunity.
目标是通过提供多种企业服务来吸纳更多存款。它们也越来越把目标瞄准了放贷业务。据 Revolut 企业业务负责人詹姆斯·吉布森透露,Revolut 计划明年推出面向企业的信贷产品。
The goal is to collect more in deposits, by offering a variety of business services. They also increasingly have their sights set on lending. Revolut is planning to roll out credit products for businesses next year, according to the head of Revolut Business, James Gibson.
根据英国金融行为监管局 (Financial Conduct Authority) 最近的一份报告,超过一半的小企业不依赖任何外部融资。英国商业与贸易部 (Department for Business & Trade) 1 月表示,许多小企业借款人使用信用卡或透支为自己融资,这两种方式通常都不作为长期企业融资用途。
Over half of small businesses don’t rely on any external financing, according to a recent Financial Conduct Authority report. Many small-business borrowers finance themselves using credit cards or overdrafts, the UK Department for Business & Trade said in January, neither of which are generally intended as long-term business financing.

吸引更多企业客户也将扩大英国金融科技公司的资产负债表,这些公司从企业客户身上获得的收入多于个人客户。例如,Monzo 平均每位活跃企业客户带来 484 英镑(约合 645 美元)收入,而平均每位活跃个人客户仅带来 167 英镑。
Attracting more businesses would also grow balance sheets of Britain’s fintechs, which generate more income from businesses than they do individuals. Monzo, for example, makes £484 ($645) on average per active business customer, compared with £167 on average active personal customers.
麦肯锡 (McKinsey) 资深合伙人、支付业务联合负责人梅加·坎萨尔表示:“曾有一波颠覆消费者银行业务的浪潮,现在同样的参与者正掀起一波颠覆企业银行业务的浪潮。”根据政府支持的英国商业银行 (British Business Bank) 数据,挑战者银行和专业银行已赢得市场份额,去年提供了 60% 的中小企业贷款总额。
“There was a wave of disrupting consumer banking,” said Megha Kansal, a senior partner at McKinsey who co-runs its payment practice. “Now there’s a wave of the same players starting to disrupt business.”
“这既是技术问题,也是监管问题,更是触达中小企业客户的不同商业模式问题,”英国商业银行董事总经理马特·阿德伊表示。该贷款机构将从希利的预算案中获得50亿英镑的增资,旨在增加创新初创企业的融资渠道。
Challenger and specialist banks have already won market share, providing 60% of gross lending to small- and medium-sized businesses last year, according to the government-backed British Business Bank. “It’s part technology, part regulation and part different business models to reach SME customers,” said Matt Adey, a managing director at British Business Bank.
来自英国最大银行——巴克莱银行、汇丰控股、国民西敏寺集团和劳埃德银行集团——的竞争日益激烈,这些银行因未向中小企业提供足够贷款或银行服务而备受诟病,并已宣布采取措施提升此类服务的可获得性。它们也在改造技术,以帮助企业和个人完成开户入驻。
The lender is set to receive a £5 billion uplift from Healey’s budget, intended to increase access to finance for innovative startups. There’s competition from Britain’s biggest banks — Barclays Plc, HSBC Holdings Plc, NatWest Group Plc and Lloyds Banking Group Plc — which have been criticized for not lending to or banking enough small businesses, and have announced efforts to boost such availability.
劳埃德银行今年专门拨出95亿英镑新增融资用于支持中小企业,并表示将优先扩充负责小型企业和中型市场企业的团队。汇丰银行去年承诺在未来五年向此类企业额外提供50亿英镑贷款。据该行中小企业业务银行部门负责人汤姆·伍德透露,该部门正将大部分投资投入其数字平台。
They’re also reworking their technology to help onboard businesses and individuals. Lloyds this year dedicated £9.5 billion of new finance to small businesses, and has said it’s prioritizing expanding its team covering small enterprises and mid-market businesses. HSBC pledged last year to make an additional £5 billion of lending available to such firms over the next five years.
传统实体银行通过强调其拥有可让企业更便捷获取服务的实体网点,来与数字化竞争对手形成区隔。话虽如此,英国在营业的网点数量在过去十年间持续下降,从2015年到2025年下降了59%以上。
Its SME business banking arm is investing most into its digital platform, according to the unit’s head, Tom Wood. High-street lenders contrast themselves with digital competitors by emphasizing their physical branches that can make them more accessible to businesses.
英格兰科尔切斯特一家IT招聘公司的经营者理查德·格兰特,因看中快捷廉价的货币转账服务,选择了Revolut(瑞波特)。该公司有10名员工,年收入200万英镑。
That said, operating branches across the UK have been on the decline over the past decade, falling over 59% from 2015 to 2025. Revolut won over Richard Grant, who runs an IT recruitment firm in Colchester, England, with 10 staffers and £2 million in annual revenue, by offering quick and cheap currency transfers.
但格兰特表示,今年早些时候,他的账户曾被冻结数天,且未获得详细解释。问题虽已解决,但这次经历——导致他无法按时支付承包商款项——促使他考虑更换银行。他表示,找不到另一家兼具同等灵活性和货币兑换能力的银行。
But Grant said earlier this year he was locked out of his account for several days and wasn’t offered a detailed explanation. The issue was resolved but the experience — leaving him unable to pay his contractors on time — prompted him to consider other banks. He said he couldn’t find one with the same flexibility and currency capabilities.
“账户审查是强制性且必要的,旨在保护我们的客户和金融体系的完整性,”Revolut 发言人在一份声明中表示。“作为我们监管义务的一部分,我们可能会出于多种原因对客户账户实施限制,且并不总能披露客户账户受限的具体原因。” 金融科技公司正致力于让其产品更具粘性,增加会计、税务工具和薪资整合功能。据该公司银行产品总监 Sami Kade 透露,Starling Bank 正在研发企业信用卡。
“Account reviews are mandatory and necessary to protect our customers and the integrity of the financial system,” a Revolut spokesperson said in a statement. “As part of our regulatory obligations, we may apply restrictions to customer accounts for a variety of reasons and we can’t always disclose why a customer’s account has been restricted.”Fintechs are focusing on making their products stickier, adding accounting, tax tools and payroll integration. Starling Bank is working on a business credit card, according to Sami Kade, banking product director at the firm.

“越来越多的企业主不在乎什么是银行业务、什么不是银行业务、什么是金融服务,”Monzo Business 总经理 Jordan Shwide 表示,该业务正随着该行英国消费端业务扩张,并进军西班牙和爱尔兰。
“Increasingly, if you talk to any business owner, they don’t care about what is banking versus not banking versus financial services,” said Jordan Shwide, general manager of Monzo Business, which is expanding with the bank’s UK consumer offering and into Spain and Ireland.
麦肯锡在 9 月的一份报告中指出,商业银行业务“越来越多地通过交易而非放贷来赢得”。
Commercial banking “is increasingly won through transactions, not lending,” McKinsey said in a report in September.
Wise Group Plc 报告称,截至 9 月 30 日的三个月内,活跃企业客户数量增长 26%,为这些客户跨境转移了超过 220 亿美元。据负责公司全球企业支付基础设施部门的 Steve Naudé 称,小企业在其生命周期中走向全球的时间比以往早得多,这带来了机遇。
Wise Group Plc reported a 26% uptick in the number of active business customers in the three months ended Sept. 30, moving more than $22 billion across borders for them. According to Steve Naudé, who runs the company’s payments infrastructure unit for global enterprises, small firms go global much earlier in their lifespans than they did before, which presents an opportunity.
据 Gibson 介绍,Revolut 的企业业务增长源于以外汇、多币种账户以及带有支出管理功能的卡片吸引企业。“你可以以交易为切入点,”Gibson 说。
For Revolut, business growth has come from attracting firms with foreign exchange, multicurrency accounts and cards with spend management, according to Gibson. “You can lead with transactions,” Gibson said.