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哥伦比亚“老虎”总统向贩毒集团宣战,与特朗普的联盟渐成Colombia's 'El Tigre' takes fight to cartels as Trump alliance takes shape

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阿贝拉尔多·德拉埃斯皮利亚总统在打击贩毒集团的战争中毫不含糊。哥伦比亚新总统,绰号“老虎”,以法治竞选纲领当选,迄今他在打击贩毒集团方面的行动似乎已收到成效——不仅在哥伦比亚,在华盛顿也是如此。

President Abelardo de la Espriella means business when it comes to his war against the cartels. Colombia's new president, known by the nickname of ‘El Tigre’, was voted in on a law and order ticket and so far his actions in fighting the cartels are seemingly paying dividends — not just in Colombia but in Washington too.

最近,他在清晨时分抵达巴兰基亚警局指挥部,当时587名警察和士兵在“盾牌360”行动中,对这座加勒比港口城市及其郊区的50个地点进行了突袭。几天前,哥伦比亚国内新闻媒体广泛公布了一段由哥伦比亚警方截获的录音,录音中,名为“凯科”的“洛斯德尔弗雷索”帮派涉嫌头目夸口说,德拉埃斯皮利亚对他毫无办法。

Recently, he arrived at the Barranquilla police command around the early hours of the morning as 587 police officers and soldiers raided 50 locations across the Caribbean port city and its suburbs in Operation Blindaje 360. A few days earlier, domestic Colombian news outlets had widely publicized a recording intercepted by Colombian police of "Keko", the alleged leader of a gang called "Los del Freseo" boasting that de la Espirella had nothing on him.

“老虎对他毫无办法。让他出来,我们就给他灌铅,”凯科据称在录音中说道。

"The Tiger's got nothing. Let him come out, and we'll put lead in him," Keko allegedly said on the recording.

随后,在黎明前,哥伦比亚总统追踪到了他,并与他面对面,全程被录像拍下。

Then, before dawn, Colombia's president had tracked him down and was face to face with him, all caught on tape.

据他总统办公室发布的一段视频显示,老虎告诉帮派头目凯科,他在电话里是个“硬汉……但他脸上的恐惧表情与他众多受害者的表情如出一辙”。这次扫荡以72人被捕告终。

According to a video released by his presidential office, El Tigre told Keko the gang leader was "a tough guy on the phone… but the look of the fear on his face matched that of his many victims". The sweep ended with 72 arrests.

反贩毒集团强硬派效仿特朗普,力图在关键选举中结束哥伦比亚左翼时代,这些表演吸引了大量长期主张的观众,他们曾认为,前左翼总统古斯塔沃·佩特罗与毒贩接触、通过对话和和平谈判的政策,使哥伦比亚更容易受到有组织犯罪的威胁,并进一步加强了哥伦比亚与委内瑞拉贩毒集团之间的联系,这些贩毒集团一直主导着有效执法控制所产生的权力真空留下的空间。

ANTI-CARTEL HARDLINER CHANNELS TRUMP IN BID TO END COLOMBIA'S LEFTIST ERA IN PIVOTAL ELECTION atrics played to a large audience who long argued that former leftist Gustavo Petros’s policy of pursuing engagement with drug traffickers and through conversation and peace talks had left Colombia more vulnerable to organized crime and further articulation between Colombian and Venezuelan cartels that had been dominating the space left by the power vacuum which emerged from effective law-enforcement control.

哥伦比亚总统阿贝拉多·德拉·埃斯普里耶拉于2026年8月26日在波哥大的何塞·马里亚·科尔多瓦军校举行的指挥权交接仪式上发表讲话。哥伦比亚新的强硬派右翼政府于2026年8月25日宣布,计划将游击队战士、贩毒者和Colombia's President Abelardo de la Espriella delivers a speech during the change of command ceremony at the Jose Maria Cordova Military School in Bogota on August 26, 2026. Colombia's new hard-right government announced on August 25, 2026, plans to classify guerrilla fighters, drug traffickers and

他的政府也试图推翻前总统古斯塔沃·佩特罗的“全面和平”政策,该政策曾与多个武装组织进行谈判。在就职前,德拉埃斯皮利亚宣布,他将拆解该政策的关键要素,并重新启动针对非法武装组织成员的逮捕令。

His government is also seeking to reverse former President Gustavo Petro’s "total peace" policy, which pursued negotiations with several armed organizations. Before taking office, de la Espriella announced that he would dismantle key elements of the policy and reactivate arrest warrants against members of illegal armed groups.

就职不到三个月,这位48岁的律师已废除其左翼前任的“全面和平”谈判,下令将每个武装组织视为恐怖组织,并声称逮捕人数超过3.2万人。他正与华盛顿携手推进。

Nearly three months into his term, the 48-year-old lawyer has scrapped his leftist predecessor's "total peace" talks, ordered every armed group treated as a terrorist organization and claims more than 32,000 arrests. He is doing it arm in arm with Washington.

这位拥有美国和哥伦比亚双重国籍的公民,在竞选总统前曾居住在迈阿密,他已将哥伦比亚纳入美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的反贩毒集团联盟。上个月,他亲自将一名被指控向墨西哥锡那罗亚贩毒集团供应毒品的游击队头目,双手双脚戴着镣铐移交给美国缉毒局特工。

A dual U.S.-Colombian citizen who lived in Miami before running for president, he has brought Colombia into President Donald Trump's anti-cartel coalition. Last month, he personally handed a guerrilla boss accused of supplying Mexico's Sinaloa Cartel to DEA agents with his hands and feet shackled.

哥伦比亚总统阿贝拉多·德拉·埃斯普里耶拉在2026年10月16日巴兰基亚突袭行动后亲自到场,与“科科”面对面对峙。(阿贝拉多·德拉·埃斯普里耶拉 @ABELAESPRIELLA)Colombia’s President Abelardo de la Espriella personally showing up in the aftermath of the raid in Barranquilla to confront Keko face-to-face on Oct. 16 2026. (Abelardo De La Espriella @ABELAESPRIELLA)

这名囚犯名叫赫奥万尼·安德烈斯·罗哈斯,绰号“阿拉涅亚”,被指控领导“边境指挥部”分裂派,目前面临南加州的恐怖贩毒指控。

The prisoner, Geovany Andrés Rojas, alias "Araña," is alleged to have led the "Comandos de la Frontera" dissidents and now faces narco-terrorism charges in Southern California.

“谈判的选择已完全耗尽,”德拉埃斯皮利亚在8月7日就职后对军队表示。在10月12日的一次讲话中,他称逮捕人数达32,503人,33名头目被清除,679个毒品生产场所被摧毁或瘫痪。他已签署超过100份引渡令,其中包括五份针对美国通缉的前武装组织和平谈判代表的引渡令,此前政府已冻结其移交。

"The option of dialogue is completely exhausted," de la Espriella told troops after his Aug. 7 inauguration. In an Oct. 12 address, he put the tally at 32,503 arrests, 33 ringleaders taken out of action and 679 drug-production sites destroyed or disabled. He has signed more than 100 extradition orders, including five for former armed-group peace negotiators wanted in the U.S. whose handovers the previous government had frozen.

这场攻势深入乡村,冲突监测机构ACLED统计,8月是自2018年开始追踪哥伦比亚以来,安全部队与武装组织之间冲突最致命的一个月。

The offensive reaches deep into the countryside, where conflict monitor ACLED counted August as the deadliest month for clashes between security forces and armed groups since it began tracking Colombia in 2018.

2026年10月6日,在蒂布的拉加巴拉进行的军事行动,导致五名哥伦比亚革命武装力量(FARC)异见分子被拘留,并缴获武器和通讯设备。(阿贝拉多·德拉·埃斯普里耶拉 @ABELAESPRIELLA)Army operation in La Gabarra, Tibú, resulting in the detention of five FARC dissidents and the seizure of weapons and communications equipment on Oct. 6, 2026. (Abelardo De La Espriella @ABELAESPRIELLA)

八月下旬,他警告FARC异见派系首领伊万·莫尔迪斯科:“当你最意想不到的时候,一枚炸弹将落在你头上。”两天后,他在瓜维亚雷一个军营中走过23名疑似异见分子装尸袋的遗体旁,军队还在拉瓜希拉杀死了一个源于准军事组织的贩毒集团的最高指挥官。

In late August he warned FARC dissident chief Iván Mordisco: "When you least expect it, a bomb is going to fall on you." Two days later, he walked among the bagged bodies of 23 suspected dissidents at an army base in Guaviare, and troops killed the top commander of a paramilitary-rooted trafficking group in La Guajira.

八月,哥伦比亚成为特朗普“美洲盾牌”联盟的第19个成员,国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯表示,波哥大已授权“在境内开展联合军事行动,摧毁恐怖分子和恐怖网络”。特朗普政府承诺提供10亿美元安全援助,尚待国会批准,美国南部司令部司令弗朗西斯·多诺万海军上将已巡视了哥伦比亚军事基地。

Colombia became the 19th member of Trump's Shield of the Americas coalition in August, and War Secretary Pete Hegseth said Bogotá had authorized "joint military operations to destroy terrorists and terror networks domestically." The administration has pledged $1 billion in security aid, pending congressional approval, and Marine Gen. Francis Donovan, head of U.S. Southern Command, has toured Colombian bases.

然而,哥伦比亚副总统何塞·曼努埃尔·雷斯特雷波在接受福克斯新闻数字版镜头采访时表示,虽然哥伦比亚正在拥抱特朗普总统在西半球建立新安全联盟的推动,但他对美国军队在哥伦比亚境内的角色划清了界限,表示将由哥伦比亚军队——而非美军——执行针对该国武装团体的行动。

However, speaking on-camera to Fox News Digital, Colombian Vice President José Manuel Restrepo said while his country is embracing President Donald Trump’s push for a new security alliance across the Western Hemisphere, he drew a clear line on the role American forces would play inside Colombia, saying Colombian troops — not U.S. forces — will carry out operations against the country’s armed groups.

华盛顿斯廷森中心拉丁美洲项目高级研究员兼项目主任本杰明·格丹此前曾在白宫担任南美洲事务主任,他表示,过去几年是个例外:“几十年来,美国和哥伦比亚密切合作打击游击队和有组织犯罪。哥伦比亚计划受到共和党和民主党的赞誉。哥伦比亚军队训练有素,经验丰富。波哥大与华盛顿重新加强密切合作,是美国重新关注拉丁美洲安全的基石。”他说。

According to Benjamin Gedan, a senior fellow and director of the Latin America Program at the Stimson Center in Washington who previously served as a South America Director in the White House, the last few years were an outlier: "For decades, the United States and Colombia closely cooperated to fight guerrillas and organized crime. Plan Colombia was celebrated by both Republicans and Democrats.

2026年3月7日,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普和美国国防部长皮特·赫格塞斯(左)在位于佛罗里达州迈阿密的特朗普国家多拉尔高尔夫球场举行的“美洲盾牌”峰会上观看。(萨乌尔·洛布 / 法新社 via Getty Images)US President Donald Trump and US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth (L) look on during the "Shield of the Americas" Summit at Trump National Doral in Miami, Florida, March 7, 2026. (SAUL LOEB / AFP via Getty Images)

尽管如此,针对犯罪目标的华丽军事打击并不能解决问题。这些团体武装精良、资金充足,并在国家存在感薄弱的地区生存壮大。犯罪分子尸体的图像可能会给人一种前进的印象,仿佛在哥伦比亚上一任领导人失败的战略之后取得了进展,就像爆炸快艇的视频已成为“美洲之盾”的名片一样。在这两种情况下,都需要更精密的策略,才能对犯罪团体造成持久打击,”格丹认为。

The Colombian military is well-trained and battle-tested. Renewed close cooperation between Bogotá and Washington is a cornerstone of the renewed U.S. focus on security in Latin America," he said. "Still, flashy military strikes on criminal targets will not answer the mail. These groups are well-armed, well-funded, and thrive in regions with little state presence. Images of criminals in body bags may give the impression of forward progress after the failed strategy of Colombia’s last leader, much as videos of exploding speedboats have become the calling card of the Shield of the Americas. In both cases, a more sophisticated strategy is needed to deal lasting blows to criminal groups," Gedan argued.

波哥大罗斯里约大学安全研究教授奥斯卡·帕尔马表示,评估政策变化并断言其在哥伦比亚语境下会取得成果,目前还为时过早。“除了执法行动本身,还有主观上的安全感,哥伦比亚社会内部正在就这种公开战争策略是给民众带来更多还是更少的安全感进行辩论。许多人认为,犯罪团伙现在正更有力地捍卫自己的领地和生意交易,而另一些人则认为,强大的警察存在最终会导致有组织犯罪减少。”

Oscar Palma, a professor of Security Studies at the University of Rosario in Bogotá, said it is still a little too early to assess the change in policies and affirm they will be fruitful within the Colombian context. "Beyond the policing acts themselves, there is the subjective feeling of security with debates within Colombian society on whether this open war strategy brings more or less security to the population. Many argue that the gangs are acting now more forcefully to defend their territories and business deals, while others believe that a strong police presence will eventually lead to less organized crime."

由于犯罪、绑架和武装冲突,美国人被敦促不要前往哥伦比亚-委内瑞拉边境五英里范围内地区。(施奈德·门多萨 / 法新社 via Getty Images)Americans are urged not to travel within five miles of the Colombia-Venezuela border due to crime, kidnapping and armed conflict. (Schneyder Mendoza / AFP via Getty Images)

帕尔马表示,在与FARC等团体及其他帮派领袖实现和平的问题上,必须在全面战争与对话之间做出选择,这种二元对立是错误的:“单纯追求一种策略——无论是全面战争还是对话——都不可能将战斗人员归零,这是一种虚构。全面战争永远无法将参与战斗的FARC成员和有组织犯罪分子归零,而和平谈判,尤其是如果采取像[古斯塔沃]·佩特罗领导的那种错误政策,也无法取得实际成果。”

Palma said there is a false dichotomy between having to choose all-out war or dialogue in order to achieve peace with groups such as the FARC and other gang leaders: "It is a fiction that you will come to zero combatants simply pursuing one strategy or the other—all-out war will never zero down those combating in the FARC and organized crime just as peace talks, especially if carried out in a misguided policy such as the one led by [Gustavo] Petros, will achieve real results."

他说:“更好的例子是[胡安·曼努埃尔]·桑托斯总统在与FARC打交道时所采取的策略,这使哥伦比亚变得更加安全:当时有谈判,但这些谈判是更大战略的一部分,该战略还包括用武力打击这些团体并将其绳之以法,”他补充道。

He said, "A better example is the strategy carried out by President [Juán Manuel] Santos during the dealings with the FARC, which led to a much safer Colombia: there were talks, but those were part of a bigger strategy of also fighting these groups with arms and bringing them to justice," he added.

“该地区正涌动着自由的浪潮、民主的浪潮、自由市场的浪潮……该地区有了新的动力,我们必须抓住这个动力。我就是这么告诉特朗普总统的,”雷斯特雷波对福克斯新闻数字版表示。“如果我们希望维护和保护该地区的民主,‘美洲之盾’将是实现这一目标的最佳机会。”

"There is a wave of freedom, a wave of democracy, a wave of free market… There is a new momentum for the region and we have to take advantage of that momentum. That's what I said to President Trump," Restrepo told Fox News Digital. "If we want to keep and preserve democracy in the region, the Shield of the Americas is going to be the best opportunity to do it."

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