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大西洋月刊

MAGA的清算时刻到来The MAGA Reckoning Arrives

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拉马斯瓦米与特朗普Ramaswamy and Trump

特朗普已失去大部分国家的支持。如今,他对自己基本盘的掌控也在减弱。

Trump has lost most of the country. Now his hold on his own base is weakening.

文/彼得·韦纳 在唐纳德·特朗普首个任期的最初几个月里,随着一桩桩道德暴行接连发生,我常在谈话中反复说起一句七字短语:“无论事情变得多糟,都注定会更糟。”这首先适用于特朗普,也适用于他的政党,后者正与他融为一体。

By Peter Wehner In the first months of Donald Trump’s first term, as one moral outrage followed another, I often found myself repeating, in conversation, a seven-word phrase: . However bad things got, they were bound to get worse. That applied above all to Trump, but also to his party, which was fusing with him.

此后,我们见识了无数个“无底线”的例证。最新的一个来自正在竞选俄亥俄州州长的维韦克·拉马斯瓦米的一则广告。广告中出现了拉马斯瓦米对手艾米·阿克顿的生母,两人关系破裂。这位母亲指责女儿在童年经历上撒谎,并敦促俄亥俄州选民不要投票给她。

We’ve since seen endless examples of what “no bottom” looks like. The latest is an ad from Vivek Ramaswamy, who is running for governor of Ohio. It features the estranged mother of Ramaswamy’s opponent, Amy Acton, calling her daughter a liar about her childhood and urging Ohioans not to vote for her.

关于那段童年,我们了解的情况如下。1978年,阿克顿12岁时,其继父克莱迪斯·阿瑟因强奸她被起诉。他逃往宾夕法尼亚州,于2004年作为逃犯在那里去世。阿克顿和她的哥哥被从母亲监护下带走,从此再未与母亲说过话。她的母亲唐娜·阿瑟一直与那个被控强奸女儿的男子维持婚姻关系,直到他去世。

Here is what we know about that childhood. In 1978, when Acton was 12, her stepfather, Cledith Arthur, was indicted for raping her. He fled to Pennsylvania, where he died as a fugitive in 2004. Acton and her brother were removed from their mother’s custody, and she has not spoken with her mother since. Her mother, Donna Arthur, stayed married to the man charged with raping her daughter until he died.

拉马斯瓦米竞选团队承诺斥资400万美元在电视和网络上投放该广告。一些共和党人提出异议;俄亥俄州现任州长迈克·德怀恩称该广告“极其、极其令人不安”。但国内最重要的两位共和党人——特朗普和副总统万斯——为其辩护。特朗普称其“非常有力”,并写道:“谁不会用这样的广告?我会用,这叫‘挖到宝了’。”万斯表示他“有点恶心”——不是被广告恶心,而是被那些“抱怨”的共和党人恶心。这就是特朗普时代共和党人眼中的家庭价值观。

The Ramaswamy campaign pledged to spend $4 million to air the ad on television and online. Some Republicans objected; Ohio’s current governor, Mike DeWine, called the ad “deeply, deeply troubling.”But the two most important Republicans in the country, Trump and Vice President Vance, defended it. Trump called it “very powerful” and wrote, “Who wouldn’t use such an Ad? I would, it’s called, ‘hitting pay dirt.’”Vance said he was “a little bit disgusted”—not by the ad but by the Republicans “whining” about it. This is what family values look like to Republicans in the Trump era.

作为一名20世纪80年代的年轻保守派,对我思想形成影响的有格特鲁德·欣梅尔法布和欧文·克里斯托尔、艾伦·布鲁姆和利昂·卡斯、詹姆斯·Q·威尔逊和威廉·J·贝内特、彼得·伯格和理查德·约翰·纽豪斯,以及迈克尔·诺瓦克。我深受乔治·威尔1983年著作《国家技艺即灵魂技艺》的塑造,该书主张治国之道本质上是“灵魂塑造”,即培育公共精神和道德感知力。

As a young conservative in the 1980s, among my formative influences were Gertrude Himmelfarb and Irving Kristol, Allan Bloom and Leon Kass, James Q. Wilson and William J. Bennett, Peter Berger and Richard John Neuhaus, and Michael Novak. I was especially shaped by George Will’s 1983 book, , which argued that statecraft is inherently “soulcraft,” the cultivation of public spirit and moral sensibilities.

这些思想家共同坚信,自治依赖于克里斯托尔所谓的“共和美德”。他们还认为,规范是脆弱的,文明与野蛮之间的界膜很薄。品格和良知需要培养。公共话语要么提升要么堕落,使我们远离或靠近“权力意志”伦理。领导人的行为,包括政治领导人的行为,具有教育意义。当越轨行为变得普遍时,我们就会习以为常。是一位民主党人、丹尼尔·帕特里克·莫伊尼汉创造了“越轨行为定义向下”这一短语,他的意思是,一个被破坏性行为淹没的社会会降低其标准,而不是去面对它。

These thinkers shared the conviction that self-government depends on what Kristol called “republican virtue.”They believed, too, that norms are fragile and that the membrane separating civilization from barbarism is thin. Character and conscience need to be cultivated. Public discourse either elevates or degrades, moving us away from or closer to a will-to-power ethic. The conduct of leaders, including political leaders, is educative. And when deviancy becomes widespread, we grow used to it. It was a Democrat, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, who coined the phrase , by which he meant that a society overwhelmed by destructive behavior lowers its standards rather than confronting it.

这并不意味着保守派或共和党是美德的楷模。这些思想家及其影响下的人往往做不到言行一致。但他们的志向是高尚的,其中一些人的人生践行了他们的言语。

None of this means that conservatives, or the Republican Party, were paragons of virtue. These thinkers and those who were influenced by their work often fell short of what they preached. But their aspirations were ennobling, and some of them lived lives that matched their words.

如今,美国右翼不仅对品格塑造漠不关心,更是在从事品格“摧毁”的生意。它以自己的越界为荣。拉马斯瓦米的广告体现了特朗普时代共和党的“无底线”伦理,其邪恶层层叠叠。

Today the American right is not merely indifferent to character formation; it is in the business of character . It takes pride in its transgressiveness. The Ramaswamy ad embodies the “no bottom” ethic of the Trump-era GOP, and its wickedness comes in layers.

残酷与粗鄙有其势头,但也有其界限。政治领袖若不懈地推行暴行,确实会降低一个国家的标准,至少在一段时间内如此。但如果我们幸运的话,他们也会唤醒这个国家的良知。厌恶感先至,近乎生理层面,如同胆汁涌上喉头。这就是卡斯在另一语境下所称的“厌恶的智慧”。清算随之而来。

Cruelty and coarseness have momentum, but they also have limits. Political leaders who relentlessly push brutality do lower a nation’s standards, at least for a time. But if we’re fortunate, they also awaken its conscience. The revulsion comes first, almost physical, like bile rising in the throat. It is what Kass, in a different context, called “the wisdom of repugnance.”The reckoning follows.

反MAGA(让美国再次伟大)的清算或许终于开始了,尽管比应有的时间晚得多。特朗普已失去大半个国家。他对自己基本盘的控制力正在减弱;其成员和其他人一样,正因总统惊人的无能而受苦。而许多继续支持特朗普的人已精疲力竭。在俄亥奥州,一项共和党民调显示,拉马斯瓦米的广告适得其反。《华盛顿邮报》报道,按2比1的比例,表示熟悉该广告的人说这使他们更倾向于投票给阿克顿。

The anti-MAGA reckoning may have finally begun, though much later than it should have. Trump has lost most of the country. His hold on his own base is weakening; its members, like everyone else, are suffering because of the staggering incompetence of the president. And many of those who continue to support Trump are exhausted. In Ohio, a GOP poll shows that the Ramaswamy ad is backfiring. reports that by a 2-to-1 ratio, those who said they were familiar with it said it made them likely to vote for Acton.

但仅靠俄亥俄州还不够。真正摒弃野蛮政治,需要来自美国每个地区选民的谴责。这本该发生,在一个良善的社会里,它也会发生。

But Ohio alone won’t be enough. A true repudiation of the politics of savagery will require a rebuke from voters in every region of America. It should come, and in a good society it would.

毕竟,共和党是由一名被判定对一名女性实施性侵并随后对其进行诽谤的男子领导的。总统为一则广告站台,广告中一位母亲没有支持她12岁的女儿,反而站在了被控强奸该女孩的男子一边。特朗普嘲笑一名批评者被谋杀,并公开为另一名批评者的死欢呼。他称政治对手为“害虫”,说移民正在“毒害我国的血液”,将海地和非洲国家贬称为“屎坑国家”,并嘲弄一名残疾记者。

The Republican Party, after all, is led by a man found liable for sexually abusing a woman and then defaming her. The president has rallied behind an ad featuring a mother who, rather than stand by her 12-year-old daughter, sided with the man charged with raping the girl. Trump mocked the murder of one critic and openly cheered the death of another. He has called his political opponents “vermin,” said immigrants are “poisoning the blood of our country,” disparaged Haiti and African nations as “shithole countries,” and mocked a disabled reporter.

他的厌女毫不掩饰;他的偏见也是如此。作为总统,他让自己和家人获利数十亿美元。他对独裁者魂牵梦绕,却把加拿大当成敌人对待。他在难以想象的规模上撒谎、扭曲现实。他煽动暴力袭击国会大厦,企图推翻大选结果。清单还在继续。没有任何一位美国总统能与特朗普的无限腐败或残酷相提并论。

His misogyny is undisguised; so is his bigotry. As president, he has enriched himself and his family by billions of dollars. He swoons over dictators while treating Canada as an enemy. He lies and distorts reality on a scale that was once unimaginable. He incited a violent attack on the Capitol in an effort to overturn an election. The list goes on. No American president has matched Trump’s limitless corruption or his cruelty.

唐纳德·特朗普的当选,尤其是连任,让我有生以来第一次质疑美国的根本体面。我无法理解,怎么会有人,尤其是我的同教信徒,看着这样一个卑鄙的人物还能投他一票,更别说热情支持他了。他们怎么能一次又一次、一次又一次地为他的无耻辩护?党派之争难道没有底线吗?荣誉和正直难道不重要吗?特朗普这种特有的疯狂难道不是显而易见的资格取消事由吗?

The election, and especially the reelection, of Donald Trump caused me, for the first time in my life, to question the fundamental decency of America. I could not understand how anyone, especially my co-religionists, could look at such a squalid figure and vote for him, let alone support him enthusiastically. How could they defend his indecency time after time after time? Doesn’t partisanship have limits? Don’t honor and integrity matter? Isn’t Trump’s peculiar form of madness an obvious disqualifier?

对于数千万美国人——仅2024年就有超过7700万人——答案是否定的。这种污点如今已成为美国故事中永久的一部分。但故事尚未结束。我们可以走出这一丑陋的篇章,迈向更好的未来,尽管道路不会平坦。即使民主党在中期选举中大获全胜,特朗普仍将是总统,他的谢幕表演很可能会涉及试图撕裂这个国家。我们不能允许他这样做。

For tens of millions of Americans—more than 77 million in 2024 alone—the answer has been no. That stain is now a permanent part of the American story. But the story isn’t over. We can move beyond this grotesque chapter to something better, though the path won’t be smooth. Even if Democrats sweep the midterms, Trump will still be president, and his closing act will likely involve trying to tear the country apart. We can’t allow him to do that.

我们需要在保全我们的制度、彼此间的纽带以及对正义和法治的承诺的前提下,度过这个时代,然后开始重塑美国理想的工作。周二让特朗普所属的政党惨败,将是朝这个方向迈出的极有帮助的一步。

We need to get to the other side of this era with our institutions, our bonds to one another, and our commitment to justice and the rule of law intact, and then begin the work of reclaiming American ideals. A wipeout of the party of Trump on Tuesday would be an awfully helpful step in that direction.

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