首尔/中国大连 -- 尽管面临联合国制裁，朝鲜仍保持了强劲的经济增长，这得益于从中国和俄罗斯输入货物和能源的供应链，同时朝鲜为面临短缺的俄罗斯军队生产武器。
SEOUL/DALIAN, China -- North Korea has maintained strong economic growth despite United Nations sanctions, supported by supply chains that bring in goods and energy from China and Russia, while producing weapons for a Russian military struggling with shortages.
连接中朝两国的新鸭绿江大桥于10月开通，可能成为双边贸易的主要动脉。
The New Yalu River Bridge connecting China and North Korea, which opened in October, could become a major artery for bilateral trade.
10月24日，朝鲜领导人金正恩在访问中国辽宁省丹东后，在大桥上停留，与中国排名第四的领导人、全国政协主席王沪宁合影留念。
On Oct. 24, after visiting Dandong in China's Liaoning province, North Korean leader Kim Jong Un stopped on the bridge to pose for a photo with Wang Huning, China's fourth-ranking leader and chairman of a top political advisory body.
另一座连接朝鲜与俄罗斯的大桥于9月开通。预计这两座大桥将在扩大支撑朝鲜经济的三国货物流动中发挥关键作用。
Another major bridge linking North Korea with Russia opened in September. Both bridges are expected to play key roles in expanding the flow of goods among the three countries that underpins the North Korean economy.
据韩国央行（韩国银行）7月发布的估算，朝鲜2025年实际国内生产总值（GDP）增长3.5%。自2023年以来，朝鲜已连续三年录得3%区间的增长。一座连接朝鲜和中国的新大桥于10月中旬开通。
North Korea's real gross domestic product grew 3.5% in 2025, according to estimates released by the Bank of Korea in July. The country has recorded growth in the 3% range for three consecutive years since 2023. A new bridge linking North Korea and China was opened in mid-October.
© 共同社 这一增速超过了十年前联合国安理会实施包括贸易限制在内的全面经济制裁之前的水平。
© Kyodo That pace exceeds the level seen before the U.N. Security Council imposed sweeping economic sanctions, including trade restrictions, a decade ago.
朝鲜向俄罗斯出口武器始于2023年。韩国国家情报院下属的国家安保战略研究院估计，截至2025年，朝鲜向俄罗斯提供了价值70亿至138亿美元的武器，包括炮弹和导弹。
North Korea's weapons exports to Russia began in earnest in 2023. The Institute for National Security Strategy, affiliated with South Korea's National Intelligence Service, estimates that North Korea supplied Russia with $7 billion to $13.8 billion worth of weapons, including artillery shells and missiles, by 2025.
据韩国央行数据，朝鲜2025年制造业增长6.6%。朝鲜官方媒体朝鲜中央通讯社6月报道，金正恩视察了一家军工厂，并称赞其提前完成上半年生产目标。他还下令将导弹生产能力提高两倍半。
North Korea's manufacturing sector expanded 6.6% in 2025, according to the South Korean central bank. The state-run Korean Central News Agency reported in June that Kim visited a munitions factory and praised it for fulfilling its first-half production targets ahead of schedule. He also ordered missile production capacity to be increased two and a half times.
随着两国关系改善，朝鲜自中国的进口稳步增加。据中国海关总署数据，今年1至9月双边贸易总额约为22亿美元，同比增长19%，为2018年制裁开始生效以来的最高水平。中国对朝出口增长12%。
Imports from China have steadily risen as ties between the two countries improve. Trade between the countries totaled about $2.2 billion in January-September, up 19% on the year and the highest level since sanctions began to bite in 2018, according to China's General Administration of Customs. Chinese exports to North Korea rose 12%.
制裁禁止贸易可用于弹道导弹及其他军事用途的武器相关材料。尽管中国表示遵守限制，但以可转作军用的民用品形式存在的漏洞依然众多。
The trading of weapons-related materials that can be used in ballistic missiles and other military applications is banned under the sanctions. While China says it complies with the restrictions, many loopholes remain in the form of civilian goods that can be diverted for military use.
美国政府资助的广播机构美国之音援引中国贸易数据报道称，1至8月中国向朝鲜出口了约28万美元的32种受制裁物品。
Citing Chinese trade data, U.S. government-funded broadcaster Voice of America reported that China exported about $280,000 worth of 32 sanctioned items to North Korea between January and August.
能源正从中国和俄罗斯两国流入朝鲜。据韩国国家情报院报告，2025年朝鲜从这两国获得的成品油数量超过了制裁上限的七倍多。
Energy is flowing into North Korea from both China and Russia. The volume of refined petroleum products secured by North Korea from the two countries in 2025 exceeded the sanctions cap by more than sevenfold, according to a report from South Korea's National Intelligence Service.
朝鲜似乎还将筹资手段扩展到了网络空间。联邦调查局周六表示，一个朝鲜黑客组织参与了从全球最大加密货币交易所之一币安窃取约63亿美元资产的案件。
North Korea also appears to have expanded its means of raising funds into cyberspace. The FBI said on Saturday that a North Korean hacker group was involved in the theft of about $6.3 billion worth of assets from Binance, one of the world's largest cryptocurrency exchanges.
部分朝鲜民众的生活水平似乎正在提高。访问平壤的人士表示，更多居民开始使用进口豪华车（包括日本车）作为私人交通工具。
Living standards for some North Koreans appear to be on the rise. Visitors to Pyongyang say that more residents are using imported luxury vehicles, including Japanese cars, for private transportation.
据执政党劳动党机关报《劳动新闻》报道，自9月以来，全国各地的地方城市陆续开设了多家大型烤肉餐厅。韩国政府资助的智库韩国国家统一研究院分析认为，首都以外地区正出现一个具有购买力的阶层。
Since September, a number of large grilled meat restaurants have opened in provincial cities across the country, according to Rodong Sinmun, the ruling Workers' Party newspaper. The Korea Institute for National Unification, a South Korean government-funded think tank, analyzed that a class with purchasing power is emerging in areas outside the capital.
一些分析人士认为，生产能力进一步扩张存在局限。受老化基础设施制约，发电量据信仍停留在1990年代水平。只要制裁依然存在，俄乌战争结束后出现经济放缓似乎不可避免。
Some analysts see limits to further expansion in production capacity. Power generation remains constrained by aging infrastructure and is believed to be stuck at 1990s levels. As long as sanctions remain in place, a slowdown after the end of the war in Ukraine appears unavoidable.
据联合国世界粮食计划署称，朝鲜40%的人口遭受营养不良。该国财富集中在特定群体手中的经济体制从根本上依然未变。
According to the U.N. World Food Programme, 40% of North Korea's population suffers from malnutrition. The country's economic system, in which wealth is concentrated among certain groups, remains fundamentally unchanged.