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法国世界报

波兰宪法法庭危机预示选举前激烈选战Poland's crisis over Constitutional Tribunal points to fierce campaign ahead of elections

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2026年11月1日,波兰总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基的支持者在华沙宪法法庭总部外集会。沃伊泰克·拉德万斯基/法新社Supporters of Polish President Karol Nawrocki rally outside the Constitutional Tribunal headquarters in Warsaw on November 1, 2026. WOJTEK RADWANSKI/AFP

经过数周僵局,波兰宪法法庭于11月3日周二下午召开全体大会,设法为2027年争取到了预算。然而,这次投票似乎不太可能让该机构摆脱数月来不断陷入的危机,因为它如今已成为中间派总理唐纳德·图斯克与民族主义反对党法律与公正党(PiS)之间政治斗争的焦点,后者曾于2015年至2023年执政。随着定于2027年举行的选举仅剩数月之遥,该法庭已成为远超其理论职权范围的争斗舞台。

After weeks of deadlock, Poland's Constitutional Tribunal, meeting in a general assembly, managed on the afternoon of Tuesday, November 3, to secure a budget for 2027. Yet, it seems unlikely that this vote will allow the institution to emerge from the crisis into which it has been sinking for months, as it has now become the focal point of the political struggle between the centrist prime minister, Donald Tusk, and the nationalist opposition of the Law and Justice Party (PiS), which held power from 2015 to 2023. With elections scheduled for 2027 just months away, the court had become the stage for battles far exceeding its theoretical remit.

自2023年12月上任以来,图斯克逐步任命了忠于其事业的法官,但这些人无一得到共和国总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基或法庭庭长博格丹·希维奇科夫斯基的承认,两人均与法律与公正党关系密切。10月30日,其中一名法官安娜·科尔温-皮奥特罗斯卡以未能履行职责为由,暂停了希维奇科夫斯基和该机构副庭长的职务。

Since taking office in December 2023, Tusk had gradually appointed judges loyal to his cause, none of whom were recognized by either the president of the Republic, Karol Nawrocki, or the president of the Tribunal, Bogdan Swieczkowski, both close to PiS. On October 30, one of these judges, Anna Korwin-Piotrowska, suspended Swieczkowski and the vice president of the institution, citing failures in their responsibilities.

科尔温-皮奥特罗斯卡以司法系统资历为由,接任宪法法庭负责人;与此同时,自法律与公正党改革以来兼任总检察长的司法部长瓦尔德马·祖雷克要求取消这两人的豁免权。而民族主义者则谴责他们所称的“权力攫取”。

Claiming seniority in the judiciary, Korwin-Piotrowska took over as head of the Constitutional Tribunal, while Justice Minister Waldemar Zurek, who also served as prosecutor general since PiS's reforms, requested the lifting of immunity for the two men. Meanwhile, nationalists denounced what they called a "power grab."

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