埃隆·马斯克以4.46亿美元捐款领跑富豪捐赠者。美国一小群最富有的人花费了创纪录的金额，试图影响周二美国中期选举的结果，其中大部分资金流向了总统唐纳德·特朗普的共和党，而该党在众议院和参议院均输给了民主党，失去了控制权。
Elon Musk leads wealthy donors with $446 million in contributions A small group of America's richest people spent record amounts trying to shape the outcome of Tuesday's US midterm elections, with most of the money going to President Donald Trump's Republican Party, which lost control of both the House of Representatives and Senate to Democrats.
中期选举在美国总统四年任期的中点举行。今年，选民选出了众议院全部435名议员、100名参议员中的35名以及36个州的州长。
Midterm elections take place halfway through a US president's four-year term. This year, voters chose all 435 members of the House, 35 of the 100 senators and governors in 36 states.
美国法律将个人直接向候选人捐款的上限设定为每次选举3500美元。但自2010年最高法院一项名为“联合公民”的裁决以来，富豪捐赠者得以向所谓的超级政治行动委员会无限制地捐款。这些政治委员会只要独立于候选人的竞选活动运作，就可以自由地在广告和选民动员上花钱。
US law caps an individual's donation directly to a candidate at $3,500 per election. But since a 2010 Supreme Court ruling known as Citizens United, wealthy donors have been able to give unlimited sums to so-called super PACs, political committees that can spend freely on advertising and voter outreach as long as they operate independently of candidates' campaigns.
据《纽约时报》周日发布的一项分析，基于截至10月中旬的竞选财务申报文件，20位最大的政治捐赠者在本次选举周期中向联邦选举贡献了约20亿美元。支出的完整规模预计要到数周后选举后报告提交时才会明朗。
The 20 largest political donors contributed roughly $2 billion to federal races in this election cycle, according to a New York Times analysis published on Sunday, based on campaign finance filings through mid-October. The full scale of spending is not expected to become clear for weeks, when post-election reports are filed.
报道：美国中期选举让埃隆·马斯克损失超过600亿美元。埃隆·马斯克这位世界首富经营着电动汽车制造商特斯拉、火箭公司SpaceX和社交媒体平台X，是本次选举周期中迄今为止最大的捐赠者，比第二大超级政治行动委员会捐赠者多出近3亿美元。追踪美国政治资金的非党派组织OpenSecrets称，他的外部支出为4.455亿美元。
US midterms cost Elon Musk more than $60 billion: Report Elon Musk The world’s richest person, who runs electric carmaker Tesla, rocket company SpaceX and social media platform X, was by far the cycle’s largest donor, giving nearly $300 million more than the next biggest super PAC donor. OpenSecrets, a nonpartisan group that tracks money in US politics, put his outside spending at $445.5 million.
马斯克曾在2025年领导特朗普政府的削减成本机构“政府效率部”，他支持共和党。他的资金包括为“美国政治行动委员会”提供的2.16亿美元——这是他于2024年设立的超级政治行动委员会——以及为参议院领导基金提供的1.58亿美元，该基金是致力于保护共和党参议院多数地位的主要团体。
Musk, who led the Trump administration’s cost-cutting Department of Government Efficiency in 2025, backed Republicans. His money included $216 million for America PAC, the super PAC he set up in 2024, and $158 million for the Senate Leadership Fund, the main group working to protect the Republican Senate majority.
很大一部分资金流向了得克萨斯州，马斯克在那里花费约2.12亿美元支持州检察长肯·帕克斯顿的参议员竞选。帕克斯顿输给了民主党州议员詹姆斯·塔拉里科。
A large share went to Texas, where Musk spent about $212 million backing state Attorney General Ken Paxton’s Senate bid. Paxton lost to Democratic state lawmaker James Talarico.
在选举日，马斯克在X平台发帖呼吁追随者投票给共和党人，该帖文随后被删除。结果出炉后，他发帖称：“看来我干预选举的太空激光器这次没起作用。”
On Election Day, Musk urged his followers to vote Republican in a post on X that was later deleted. After the results came in, he posted: “Guess my election-interfering space lasers didn’t work this time.”
理查德和伊丽莎白·尤莱因 这对经营Uline公司的夫妇——一家美国提供运输、包装和工业材料的公司——共捐款1.5亿美元，主要捐给共和党和保守派政治组织。
Richard and Elizabeth Uihlein The couple behind Uline, a US company supplying shipping, packaging and industrial materials, contributed $150 million, primarily to Republican and conservative political organizations.
他们最大的一笔捐款，约1.367亿美元，捐给了“美国复兴”组织，该组织支持共和党国会候选人。他们还向支持保守派司法候选人和共和党国会候选人的组织捐款。
Their largest contribution, approximately $136.7 million, went to Restoration of America, a group supporting Republican congressional candidates. They also contributed to organizations backing conservative judicial candidates and Republican congressional hopefuls.
杰夫·亚斯 亚斯是交易公司苏斯奎哈纳国际集团的联合创始人之一，长期以来一直是共和党的主要大额捐赠者之一。《福布斯》8月报道称，他最大的一笔单笔捐款为2000万美元，捐给了一个支持生物技术企业家维韦克·拉马斯瓦米竞选俄亥俄州州长的超级政治行动委员会，拉马斯瓦米本人也向该竞选投入了2500万美元自有资金。
Jeff Yass Yass, a co-founder of trading firm Susquehanna International Group, has long been one of the Republican Party’s top donors. Forbes reported in August that his largest single contribution, $20 million, went to a super PAC supporting the Ohio gubernatorial bid of Vivek Ramaswamy, a biotech entrepreneur who also put $25 million of his own money into the race.
拉马斯瓦米以45%对52%的得票率输给了民主党人艾米·阿克顿。OpenSecrets统计亚斯的捐款总额为1.09亿美元。
Ramaswamy lost to Democrat Amy Acton by 52% to 45%. OpenSecrets put Yass’ total at $109 million.
索罗斯家族 匈牙利裔美国投资家兼慈善家乔治·索罗斯是支持民主党的最大捐赠者之一，通过与其相关的实体捐款约1.02亿美元。
Soros family Hungarian-born American investor and philanthropist George Soros was among the largest donors supporting Democrats, with approximately $102 million in contributions through entities associated with him.
资金流向了索罗斯于2019年创立的“民主政治行动委员会”，该委再将资金转拨给支持民主党的团体。
The money went to Democracy PAC, founded by Soros in 2019, which passes funds to Democratic-aligned groups.
据《财富》杂志报道，约一半资金来自索罗斯的私人投资公司Geosor Corp.，其余来自其开放社会基金会旗下的非营利组织“政策改革基金”。
About half came from Soros’ private investment company Geosor Corp. and the rest from the Fund for Policy Reform, a nonprofit that is part of his Open Society Foundations, Fortune reported.
马克·安德森和本·霍洛维茨 这家硅谷风险投资公司安德森·霍洛维茨（Andreessen Horowitz，亦称 a16z）的联合创始人向两党都进行了捐款。
Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz The co-founders of Silicon Valley venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz, also known as a16z, gave to both parties.
《福布斯》报道称，他们最大额的支票流向了推动加密货币和人工智能行业的超级政治行动委员会（超级 PAC），以及特朗普的“让美国再次伟大公司”（MAGA Inc.）。
Forbes reported that their biggest checks went to super PACs promoting the cryptocurrency and artificial intelligence industries, as well as Trump’s MAGA Inc. The figure includes donations from the firm itself.
该数字包含公司本身的捐款。《纽约时报》将两人合计总额列为 1.153 亿美元。
迈克尔·布隆伯格 这位金融资讯与媒体公司彭博有限合伙企业的亿万富翁创始人、纽约市前三届市长，捐款约 8420 万美元，主要支持民主党。
NYT put their combined total at $115.3 million. Michael Bloomberg Michael Bloomberg, the billionaire founder of financial information and media company Bloomberg LP and a former three-term mayor of New York City, contributed approximately $84.2 million, primarily supporting Democrats.
他的捐款包括 2400 万美元给“每个城镇枪支安全胜利基金”（Everytown for Gun Safety Victory Fund），该基金支持主张更严格枪支法律的候选人；以及 1600 万美元给“众议院多数党政治行动委员会”（House Majority PAC），该组织致力于选出民主党籍众议员。
His contributions included $24 million to the Everytown for Gun Safety Victory Fund, which supports candidates favoring stricter gun laws, and $16 million to House Majority PAC, which works to elect Democrats to the House of Representatives.
他还向“挺纽约政治行动委员会”（Stand for New York PAC）捐款 1100 万美元，支持民主党国会候选人迈卡·拉舍。
He also contributed $11 million to Stand for New York PAC, supporting Democratic congressional candidate Micah Lasher.
米里亚姆·阿德尔森 这位赌场大亨谢尔登·阿德尔森的以色列裔美国遗孀、拉斯维加斯金沙集团创始人，向共和党阵营团体捐款约 6760 万美元。
Miriam Adelson The Israeli American widow of casino magnate Sheldon Adelson, founder of Las Vegas Sands, contributed approximately $67.6 million to Republican-aligned groups.
她单笔捐赠 3000 万美元给“参议院领导力基金”（Senate Leadership Fund），而《福布斯》称 2500 万美元流向了“让美国再次伟大公司”。
She gave $30 million in a single donation to the Senate Leadership Fund, while Forbes said $25 million went to MAGA Inc.
民主党仍赢得了参议院控制权，得益于在缅因州和密歇根州的胜利。
Democrats nevertheless won the Senate, helped by wins in Maine and Michigan.
保罗·辛格 对冲基金埃利奥特管理公司创始人、长期共和党大额捐赠者，根据《华盛顿邮报》10 月 23 日的报道，捐款约 5350 万美元。
Paul Singer The founder of hedge fund Elliott Management is a longtime major Republican donor, contributed approximately $53.5 million, according to the Washington Post's Oct. 23 report.
他的捐款包括 1510 万美元给 STW PAC，1450 万美元给“参议院领导力基金”（支持共和党参议员候选人），以及 800 万美元给“国会领导力基金”（Congressional Leadership Fund，支持共和党众议员候选人）。
His donations included $15.1 million to STW PAC, $14.5 million to the Senate Leadership Fund, which supports Republican Senate candidates, and $8 million to the Congressional Leadership Fund, which backs Republican House candidates.