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事实核查:审视美国中期选举后疯传的说法Fact check: Examining viral narratives after the US midterm elections

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围绕选举舞弊的虚假说法流传,助长质疑 图片:Yuki Iwamura/美联社照片/picture allianceFalse claims circulating about election fraud fuel doubts Image: Yuki Iwamura/AP Photo/picture alliance

2026年11月4日,民主党在备受关注的美国中期选举中大获全胜,给予唐纳德·特朗普总统及其共和党强有力的回击。

November 4, 2026 Democrats swept to victory in a closely watched US midterm election, delivering a strong rebuke to President Donald Trump and his Republican party.

与此同时,社交媒体上充斥着关于选举舞弊的虚假指控,包括媒体机构的篡改截图、关于非法选票的捏造故事以及篡改选票的指控。

At the same time, social media was awash with false claims that the election was fraudulent, including doctored screengrabs from media outlets, invented stories of illegal ballots and accusations of vote tampering.

即使部分选战的计票工作仍在进行中,德国之声事实核查团队仍对部分选举日虚假信息进行了深入调查。翻译人员可协助选民 —— 与舞弊指控相反指控:“一场高度协调的窃取选举阴谋正在实时发生”,一家右翼媒体机构在X平台的一条帖子中声称,该帖子浏览量超过70万次。

Even as the votes are still being counted in some races, DW Fact check took a closer look at some election day disinformation. Interpreters can help voters — contrary to fraud claims Claim: "A highly coordinated scheme to steal an election is happening in real time," a right-wing media outlet claimed in a X post, viewed more than 700,000 times.

帖子附带一段监控录像,画面显示一名男子在缅因州刘易斯顿的一个投票亭协助选民,翻阅文件、填写选票并在他们书写时与他们交谈。帖子下的其他用户声称他们是索马里裔美国选民。

Attached was a security camera video showing a man helping voters at a polling booth in Lewiston, Maine, flipping through papers, marking ballots and speaking to them as they wrote. Other users in the thread claim they are Somali-American voters.

结论:误导 虽然录像本身似乎属实,但现有证据不支持该视频显示存在协调窃取选举行动的指控。

Verdict: Misleading Although the footage itself appears genuine, the claim that it shows a coordinated effort to steal the election is not supported by the available evidence.

缅因州选举法规定:“因身体残疾、文盲或宗教信仰而无法阅读或填写选票的选民,可请求他人……协助其阅读选票或根据选民意愿填写选票。”

Maine's election law says: "A voter who is unable to read or mark the ballot because of physical disability, illiteracy or religious faith may request another person ... to assist the voter in reading the ballot or marking the ballot according to the voter's wishes."

分享该视频的右翼账号“The Maine Wire”并未因此停止将该做法称为“公然违反州法律”。该账号在选举前夕一直发布类似视频。该媒体声称,它根据缅因州自身的《信息自由法》向刘易斯顿市政府请求获取了该录像。刘易斯顿当局告诉德国之声事实核查团队,曾拒绝提供监控录像的请求,因为录像中显示了选票,披露录像可能违反缅因州选举法。缅因州记者被指骚扰索马里裔选民并未经许可录像。

That hasn't stopped the right-wing account, The Maine Wire, the outlet that shared the video, from calling the practice a "blatant violation of state law." The same account had been posting similar videos in the run-up to the elections. The outlet stated it had requested the footage from Lewiston City Hall under the state's own Freedom of Access Act. Authorities in Lewiston told DW Fact Check that it had denied a request for surveillance footage because ballots were visible in the recording and disclosure could violate Maine election law. The Maine Wire reporters were accused of harassingSomali voters and recording people without permission.

相关视频已在 Facebook 和 Reddit 上传播,一名由特朗普任命的缅因州联邦检察官表示,其办公室将审查有关选民恐吓和选举干预投诉的证据。

The videos have been shared on Facebookand Reddit and a Trump-appointed federal attorney for Maine said his office would review evidence concerning complaints of voter intimidation and election interference.

缅因州州务卿办公室告诉当地新闻媒体《缅因晨星报》,未收到任何关于翻译人员实施选举舞弊的可信举报。

The secretary of state's office told the local news outlet Maine Morning Star that it hadn't received any credible reports of interpreters committing election fraud.

司法部在中期选举前向刘易斯顿及其他司法管辖区派遣了选举监督员,称这是其历史上最大规模的选举监督行动。休斯敦未发现 FBI 查获欺诈选票声称:“FBI 突袭休斯敦仓库储物柜,查获两万多张欺诈选票,全投给民主党”,该说法出自 X 平台上一条浏览量超 40 万的病毒式传播帖子。

The Department of Justice deployed election monitors to Lewiston and other jurisdictions ahead of the midterms as part of what it described as the largest election-monitoring effort in its history. Fraudulent ballots not discovered by FBI in Houston Claim: "Over twenty thousand fraudulent ballots uncovered in FBI raid of Houston storage locker warehouse all for Democrats" was the claim in a viral post on X that was viewed more than 400,000 times.

结论:虚假 联邦调查局在给德国之声的书面声明中证实,不存在此类行动:“该信息虚假,未发生任何与选举相关的行动。”帖子配图也显示该故事系捏造。

Verdict: False The Federal Bureau of Investigation confirmed that no such operation took place in a written statement to DW: "That information is false and no election-related operation occurred," it said. The post's images also showed that the story was made up.

第一张图片显示一辆 FBI 卡车停在犯罪现场,实为另一则新闻的配图。反向图片搜索显示,该照片拍摄于今年早些时候 FBI 突袭佐治亚州富尔顿县选举仓库时,当时缴获了 2020 年大选的选票。卡车车身印有 “FBI Atlanta”(FBI 亚特兰大)字样。

The first image, of an FBI truck at a crime scene, was taken from a different news story. A reverse image search reveals that the photo was taken during an FBI raid of the Fulton County elections warehouse in Georgia earlier this year, during which ballots from the 2020 election were confiscated. The truck has "FBI Atlanta" written on it.

第二张图片显示休斯敦一处储存设施,实为自助仓储公司 Public Storage 官网上的图片。没有任何迹象表明该地发生过 FBI 突袭。

The second image shows a storage facility in Houston. It was taken from the self-storage company Public Storage's website. There were no indications that an FBI raid took place there.

第三张图片显示印有 “city and county of San Francisco Department of Elections”(旧金山市县选举部)字样的选票,证明其与德克萨斯州所谓的突袭行动毫无关联。

And the third image is an image of ballots with the words "city and county of San Francisco Department of Elections" printed on them, showing that there is no connection to an alleged raid in Texas.

发布该帖文的账号属于一名自称“特朗普政府数字内容创作者 TrumpNews.baby”的人。伪造新闻报道歪曲选举反应声称:“我无法接受今晚的结果是自由公正的。像詹姆斯·塔拉里科这样具有激进意识形态的人不可能在得克萨斯州公平地赢得选举。”这段被归因于得克萨斯州总检察长肯·帕克斯顿的文字,出现在一个 X 帖文中,该帖文被制作成广播公司 NBC 截图的样子,浏览量超过 70 万次。

The account that posted the story belongs to a man who calls himself a "Digital Content Creator for Pro Trump Administration TrumpNews.baby" Doctored news reports misrepresent election reactions Claim: "I cannot accept that the result tonight was free or fair. It is simply not possible for somebody with the radical ideology of James Talarico to win an election in Texas fairly" was the wording attributed to Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton in an X post designed to look like a still from the broadcaster NBC, which was viewed more than 700,000 times.

帕克斯顿并未说过这番话,这也不是 NBC 广播画面的真实截图。事实上,情况恰恰相反:共和党参议员候选人已向塔拉里科认输。

Paxton did not say this and this is not an authentic image of an NBC broadcast. In fact, the opposite is true: The Republican candidate for Senate conceded the race to Talarico.

“首先让我祝贺詹姆斯·塔拉里科。我承诺将为他祈祷,愿他为得克萨斯州和国家造福,”帕克斯顿在竞选聚会上对支持者说。

"Let me start off by congratulating James Talarico. I will commit that I will be praying for him that he will do good for Texas and this nation," Paxton said to supporters at a campaign party.

塔拉里科在一场惊人的冷门中获胜,成为 30 多年来首位赢得得克萨斯州美国参议员席位的民主党人。

Talarico won in a stunning upset, becoming the first Democrat to win a seat in the US Senate for Texas in over 30 years.

自特朗普 2020 年试图挑战选举结果失败以来,共和党更倾向于对选举结果表示怀疑。但特朗普本人表示,他将承认周二的结果。

Republicans have been more likely to cast doubts on election results since Trump's failed attempt to challenge the outcome of the 2020 election. But Trump himself said he would acknowledge Tuesday's results.

“我完全愿意接受那些结果,”特朗普在中期选举前几天告诉《纽约时报》。

"I am absolutely willing the accept those results," Trump told the New York Times, in the days leading up to the midterms.

那并非唯一一个使用伪造 NBC 图形传播虚假信息的社交媒体帖文。另一个病毒式传播的 X 帖文据称展示了 NBC 的 2026 年选举结果,配有声称显示共和党获胜的图形和图片。

That wasn't the only social media post that used a doctored NBC graphic to spread falsehoods. Another viral X post allegedly shows the news outlets NBC’s 2026 election results with graphics and images claiming to show that Republicans won.

尽管乍看之下这是一个逼真的伪造品,但这些图形与 NBC 正常的背景颜色或阴影不符。

Though it is a convincing fake at first glance, the graphics don't match NBC's normal background colors or shading.

其他用户也分享了虚假得票总数。这条浏览量达 170 万次的帖文展示了经过篡改的结果,显示共和党在国会和参议院获胜。

Other users shared fake vote totals, too. This post, viewed 1.7 million times, shows doctored results with a Republican victory in Congress and the Senate.

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