俄罗斯计划从2027年起对机票征收附加费，以资助其陷入困境的民用飞机项目。据国家杜马预算和税收委员会透露，国内乘客每张机票将支付500卢布（约合5.4欧元），国际乘客每张机票将支付1000卢布（约合10.8欧元）。
Russia is planning to impose a levy on airline tickets from 2027 to fund its struggling civilian aircraft programme, with domestic passengers paying 500 roubles (€5.4) and international passengers 1,000 roubles (€10.8) per ticket, according to the State Duma's budget and tax committee.
工业和贸易部正在根据总统弗拉基米尔·普京的指示制定这一措施。资金将用于覆盖根据《扩大飞机生产综合计划》租赁和运营258架飞机的费用，涉及机型包括MS-21、图-214、SJ-100和伊尔-114-300。
The Ministry of Industry and Trade is developing the measure on President Vladimir Putin's instructions. The funds would cover the costs of leasing and operating 258 aircraft under the Comprehensive Programme for Expanding the Production of Aircraft, including the MS-21, Tu-214, SJ-100, and Il-114-300 models.
自2022年全面入侵乌克兰以来，俄罗斯民用飞机工业未生产出任何新的量产飞机，并多次错过生产期限。2022年至2025年间，俄罗斯航空公司仅收到13架新飞机，而计划为120架，其中许多是用制裁前的零部件组装而成。
Russia's civilian aircraft industry has produced no new serial aircraft since the full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, repeatedly missing production deadlines. Between 2022 and 2025, Russian airlines received 13 new aircraft against a planned 120, many assembled from pre-sanctions components.
生产时间表已多次修订。2026年夏季，大规模生产目标从2030年推迟至2035年。MS-21和SJ-100的认证及量产启动目前定于2027年，已通过认证的伊尔-114-300交付则承诺从2026年12月开始。
The production timeline has been revised repeatedly. In summer 2026, the large-scale production target was pushed back from 2030 to 2035. Certification and the start of serial production of the MS-21 and SJ-100 are currently scheduled for 2027, while deliveries of the Il-114-300, which has passed certification, are promised from December 2026.
随着老旧外制飞机退役且无法替换，俄罗斯航空公司机队在莫斯科对乌克兰的战争期间已缩减。
The Russian airline fleet has shrunk during Moscow's war in Ukraine as ageing foreign-built aircraft are retired without replacement.
备件短缺且采购成本日益高昂，俄罗斯转而向越南寻求租赁飞机。2022年2月全面入侵乌克兰后，西方制裁切断了俄罗斯购买或租赁西方飞机、以及获取备件或维修服务的渠道。然而，莫斯科通过了一项法律，允许航空公司将400多架外资租赁的西方飞机在国内重新登记，而非将其归还给所有者。根据国际航空法，单一飞机禁止双重登记，这意味着俄罗斯的重新登记属于非法，但国际民用航空组织（ICAO）没有强制执行机制来迫使其归还。
Spare parts are scarce and increasingly expensive to source, and Russia has turned to Vietnam to obtain aircraft for lease. Western sanctions after the February 2022 full-scale invasion cut off Russia from purchasing or leasing Western aircraft and from obtaining spare parts or maintenance services. However, Moscow passed a law allowing airlines to re- more than 400 foreign-leased Western aircraft domestically rather than return them to their owners. Under international aviation law, dual registration of a single aircraft is prohibited, meaning Russia's re-registrations are illegal, but the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) has no enforcement mechanism to compel their return.
出租方已提出总额约80亿美元（约71亿欧元）的保险索赔以挽回损失，许多案件仍在进行中。在全面入侵乌克兰前，俄罗斯约900架商用飞机中，约850架为美国和欧洲制造的波音或空客飞机，其中约85%由外国公司租赁而来。随着西方备件和技术服务遭到制裁，航空公司一直在拆解被扣押的机队以获取零部件。此后，俄罗斯航空航天领域的主要生产能力已转向军用飞机。官方产量数据属于机密，但业内观察人士估计年产量在几十架左右。
Lessors have filed insurance claims totalling around $8 billion (€7.1bn) to recover their losses, with many cases still ongoing. Before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, roughly 850 of Russia's 900 commercial aircraft were US and European-made Boeing or Airbus planes, of which around 85% were leased from foreign companies. With Western spare parts and technical services now sanctioned, airlines have been cannibalising the seized fleet for components. The main production capacity of Russia's aerospace sector has since shifted toward military aircraft. Official output figures are classified, but industry observers estimate production in the dozens per year.