埃菲尔铁塔周四因全国性罢工而对游客关闭，罢工给法国各地带来新一轮混乱，数十万工人已连续一个多月走上街头，要求提高工资、改善养老金待遇并缓解不断上涨的生活成本。这座法国最具标志性的地标之一关闭，是假期短暂暂停后抗议活动规模的最明显迹象之一。工会和学生团体在巴黎、里昂、马赛等城市联合示威，给总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙的政府施加更大压力。
The Eiffel Tower was closed to visitors on Thursday as a nationwide strike brought fresh disruption across France, with hundreds of thousands of workers taking to the streets for more than a month to demand higher wages, better pensions and relief from rising living costs. The closure of one of France's most historic landmarks was among the clearest signs of the scale of the protests after a brief holiday pause. Unions and student groups joined forces in demonstrations across Paris, Lyon, Marseille and other cities, putting more pressure on President Emmanuel Macron's government.
埃菲尔铁塔官方网站宣布，因罢工该纪念碑将持续关闭，并建议持有电子票的游客查收邮件以获取后续信息。学校、铁路服务及公共生活的其他领域均受影响，工人和学生升级了抗议行动。数十万人走上街头内政部长洛朗·努内兹身边一位官员周四早些时候告诉美联社，巴黎以外180场集会中，约有27万人参加了工会主导的示威。
The Eiffel Tower's official website announced that the monument would remain closed because of the strike and advised visitors holding electronic tickets to check their email for further information. Schools, rail services and other parts of public life were affected as workers and students stepped up their protests.HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS TAKE TO STREETSAn official close to Interior Minister Laurent Nunez told the Associated Press around 270,000 people had joined union-led demonstrations across 180 rallies outside Paris by early afternoon.
该官员称，大多数集会均属和平，但里昂、南特、波城、奥尔良、雷恩和图卢兹等多个城市发生了暴力事件。
Most of the gatherings were peaceful, the official said, although violence was reported in several cities, including Lyon, Nantes, Pau, Orleans, Rennes and Toulouse.
抗议活动汇聚了诉求有重叠的不同群体。工会要求提高工资和养老金，认为基本生活必需品成本上涨，而收入未能跟上。学生则因教育经费和学校条件问题进行抗议。
The protests brought together different groups with overlapping grievances. Trade unions are demanding higher wages and pensions, arguing that the cost of basic necessities has risen while incomes have failed to keep pace. Students, meanwhile, have been protesting over education funding and conditions in schools.
这场运动始于9月，当时巴黎东南部一所高中因教职工短缺引发学生抗议。随后逐渐扩大，吸引了要求增加教育经费的年轻人，以及对养老金、工资及燃油和家庭开支上涨感到不满的工人。学校和交通受罢工冲击教育是面临重大中断的行业之一。
The movement began in September with student protests over staff shortages at a high school southeast of Paris. It gradually expanded, drawing in young people demanding greater education funding and workers frustrated over pensions, wages and rising fuel and household costs.SCHOOLS AND TRANSPORT HIT BY STRIKESEducation was among the sectors facing major disruption.
法国约三分之一的高中关闭或无法正常运转，部分受到学生封锁影响，部分则因教师罢工受阻。混乱也波及公共交通，通勤者面临延误和取消班次。法国东北部斯特拉斯堡的警方呼吁居民在某些学校周围保持高度警惕，因为抗议活动仍在继续。然而在巴黎，共和国广场的气氛在下午游行前明显平静许多。尽管警力部署密集，抗议者仍聚集于此，手持工会旗帜，数百名音乐家在歌手伴随下演奏弦乐、铜管和打击乐器。
About one-third of France's high schools were either closed or unable to operate normally, with some affected by student blockades and others by teacher strikes. The disruption also spilled into public transport, leaving commuters facing delays and cancellations. Police in Strasbourg, in northeastern France, urged residents to exercise extreme caution around certain schools as protests continued. In Paris, however, the atmosphere at the Place de la Republique was notably calmer ahead of the afternoon march. Despite a heavy police presence, protesters gathered carrying trade union flags while hundreds of musicians played string, brass and percussion instruments alongside singers.
这一场景与10月17日在同一地点发生的早期示威形成鲜明对比，当时爆发了暴力冲突和抢劫。
The scene contrasted sharply with earlier demonstrations at the same location, where violent clashes and looting had erupted on October 17.70,000 POLICE DEPLOYEDFrench authorities were taking no chances.
7万名警察部署法国当局不敢掉以轻心。努涅斯表示，全国部署了约7万名警察，并有装甲车、无人机和直升机支援。警方因处理先前示威活动的方式受到批评，包括被指控过度使用武力并导致抗议者受伤。布列塔尼大区官员称，周四有蒙面人员试图在雷恩封锁道路。官员指控一些年轻人，在某些情况下有成年人陪同，实施了所谓的“严重暴力行为”，包括向警察投掷钢珠。政府一直试图将参与抗议的工会和学生，与被指借示威掩护实施暴力的群体区分开来。
Nunez said around 70,000 police officers had been deployed across the country, supported by armoured vehicles, drones and helicopters. Police have faced criticism over their handling of previous demonstrations, including accusations that officers used excessive force and injured protesters. Authorities in Brittany said masked individuals attempted to block roads in Rennes on Thursday. Officials accused some young people, in some cases accompanied by adults, of carrying out what they described as “serious acts of violence”, including throwing steel balls at police. The government has been attempting to distinguish between the unions and students taking part in the protests and groups accused of using the demonstrations as a cover for violence.UNIONS WARN OF ECONOMIC CRISISFor France's major trade unions, Thursday's mobilisation was intended as a warning to Macron's government and employers.
工会警告经济危机对法国主要工会而言，周四的动员旨在向马克龙政府和雇主发出警告。他们表示，家庭因基本生活成本上涨而受到挤压，而工资和养老金仍承受压力。
They say households are being squeezed by the rising cost of essentials while wages and pensions remain under pressure.
工会在一份联合声明中表示：“燃料、食品、房租、燃气、电力，样样都在涨，唯独工资和养老金不涨”，据美联社报道。工会还警告称，法国面临进一步陷入经济困境的风险，并指出裁员计划不断增多，以及该国本已艰难的财政状况。法国背负沉重债务负担，仍是欧洲表现疲软的主要经济体之一，与意大利、比利时等国并列。
In a joint statement, the unions said:"Fuel, food products, rent, gas, electricity everything's going up except wages and pensions," as quoted by AP. The unions also warned that France was at risk of slipping further into economic trouble, pointing to growing layoff plans and the country's already difficult financial position. France is carrying a heavy debt burden and remains among Europe's weaker-performing major economies, alongside countries such as Italy and Belgium.
工会称，政府已无法再无视公众愤怒的规模。马克龙前路艰难动荡发生在一个关键时刻。法国正迈向明年的总统大选，届时选民将选出马克龙的继任者。根据宪法规定，马克龙不得寻求第三个连续任期，这意味着接替他的角逐已初现端倪。
The unions said the government could no longer ignore the scale of public frustration.MACRON HAS A DIFFICULT ROAD AHEADThe unrest is also unfolding at a crucial moment. France is moving towards next year's presidential election, when voters will choose Macron's successor. Macron is constitutionally barred from seeking a third consecutive term, meaning the contest to replace him is already taking shape.
各政党和总统候选人正试图引导公众对工资、生活成本、公共服务及政府经济政策的不满。极右翼候选人玛丽娜·勒庞被视为领跑者之一，而资深左翼政治家让-吕克·梅朗雄则主张对法国的经济和社会问题采取更激进的回应。
Political parties and presidential candidates are seeking to channel public anger over wages, living costs, public services and the government's handling of the economy. Far-right candidate Marine Le Pen is regarded as a leading contender, while veteran left-wing politician Jean-Luc Melenchon has advocated more radical responses to France's economic and social problems.
政府面临的当务之急，是防止抗议进一步升级扰乱秩序，同时回应引发抗议的经济和社会不满。这场运动早已超越单一议题。学生要求改善学校条件，工人要求提高工资和加强养老金，家庭则在应对日常生活成本上涨的挣扎。
The immediate challenge for the government is to prevent the protests from becoming even more disruptive while addressing the economic and social grievances that have fuelled them. The movement now extends well beyond a single issue. Students are demanding better conditions in schools, workers want higher wages and stronger pensions, and households are struggling with the rising cost of everyday life.
这种组合使得抗议对政府而言尤为难以遏制。埃菲尔铁塔的关闭或许只是周四罢工的暂时后果，但也成为了动荡深度冲击法国的一个醒目象征。
That combination makes the protests particularly difficult for the government to contain. The Eiffel Tower's closure may have been a temporary consequence of Thursday's strike, but it also offered a striking symbol of how deeply the unrest is affecting France.
在工会准备继续保持压力、各政党将注意力转向总统竞选之际，马克龙政府面临着一个无法仅靠重新开放学校、恢复列车运行或让游客重返埃菲尔铁塔就能解决的问题。更大的问题在于，政府能否在下次总统选举前说服越来越多的法国选民，让他们相信自己对工资、公共服务和生活成本的担忧正在被倾听，以免这些不满情绪改变整个国家的氛围。
As unions prepare to maintain pressure and political parties turn their attention towards the presidential race, Macron's government faces a problem that cannot be solved simply by reopening schools, restarting trains or getting tourists back to the Eiffel Tower. The bigger question is whether the government can persuade a growing number of French voters that their concerns about wages, public services and the cost of living are being heard before those grievances alter the country's mood ahead of the next presidential election.- Ends