美国国会更有可能通过旨在收紧中国获取人工智能芯片渠道的立法，议员和倡导者表示，此举源于英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋与一名涉嫌中国情报间谍存在关系的消息。
Nvidia spy allegations likely to spur laws to tighten China’s access to AI chips, say some lawmakers NEW YORK - The US Congress is more likely to pass legislation aimed at tightening China’s access to AI chips in light of news that Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang had a relationship with a suspected Chinese intelligence agent, lawmakers and advocates said.
三项芯片相关法案有望被纳入2027财年（始于10月）年度国防授权法案。
Three chip-related measures are slated for possible inclusion in the annual defence authorisation bill for fiscal year 2027, which began in October.
黄仁勋的这段关系，加上他与美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的密切关系，使得关于中国获取可能削弱美国国家安全的先进芯片的担忧更加紧迫。
Huang’s affair, and his close relationship with US President Donald Trump, has added new urgency to concerns about China’s access to advanced chips that could undermine US national security.
这三项措施分别是：《人工智能监督法案》，将赋予国会对先进芯片出口的控制权；《芯片安全法案》，将要求企业追踪其芯片以打击走私；《匹配法案》，将推动美国盟友限制更多芯片制造设备对华出口。
The measures are the AI Overwatch Act, which would give Congress power over advanced chip exports, the Chip Security Act, which would require businesses to track their chips to combat smuggling, and the Match Act, which would push US allies to restrict more chipmaking equipment to China.
一名曾直接与英伟达接触数月的前国会工作人员称，英伟达被视为《芯片安全法案》和《人工智能监督法案》最大的反对者。
Nvidia is considered the biggest opponent of both the Chip Security and AI Overwatch acts, according to one former congressional staff member who had direct contact with the company over several months.
直到美国司去年起因芯片走私提出起诉，黄仁勋和英伟达此前一直辩称不存在此类走私。公司表示其遵守出口法律。英伟达拒绝置评。
Until the US Department of Justice brought indictments tied to chip smuggling last year, Huang and Nvidia had argued there was no such smuggling. The company said it complied with export laws. Nvidia declined to comment.
众议院外交委员会今年早些时候已推进这三项法案。它们目前包含在参议院国防授权法案管理组合中。
The House Foreign Affairs Committee advanced all three bills earlier this year. They are now in the Senate National Defense Authorization Act management package.
马萨诸塞州民主党参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦和印第安纳州共和党参议员吉姆·班克斯在11月9日的联合声明中表示：“英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋证实与中国情报机构涉嫌间谍存在关系，使这些国家安全担忧更加紧迫。”
In a joint statement on Nov 9, Democratic Senator Elizabeth Warren of Massachusetts and her Republican colleague Jim Banks of Indiana said that “Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang’s confirmation of a relationship with a suspected spy for China’s intelligence service makes these national security concerns even more urgent”.
他们补充道：“国会该采取果断行动，通过《国防授权法案》（NDAA）中的关键法案，如《人工智能监督法案》（AI Overwatch Act），切断中国获取先进芯片的途径。”今年3月，这些参议员曾敦促商务部暂停或重新考虑英伟达对华出口许可证，并进行全面安全审查。
They added: “It is time for Congress to take decisive action to pass key bills like the AI Overwatch Act in the NDAA that will cut off pathways through which China accesses advanced chips.”In March, the senators had urged the Department of Commerce to suspend or reconsider Nvidia’s export licences to China and conduct a full security review.
伊利诺伊州民主党众议员比尔·福斯特（Bill Foster）呼应了参议员们的观点。“国会拥有工具，可防止强大的人工智能芯片落入错误之手，构成国家安全风险，”福斯特11月10日在X平台发文回应黄仁勋事件时表示。
Democratic Representative Bill Foster of Illinois echoed the senators’ sentiments. “Congress has the tools to prevent powerful AI chips from getting in the wrong hands and posing a national security risk,” Foster posted on X on Nov 10, in response to news of Huang’s affair.
他说，他与密歇根州共和党众议员比尔·休伊曾加（Bill Huizenga）共同提出的《芯片安全法案》（Chip Security Act）已在众议院委员会一致通过。“是时候推动它跨过终点线了，”他说。
He said the Chip Security Act he introduced with Republican Representative Bill Huizenga of Michigan had passed unanimously out of committee in the House. “It’s time to get it across the finish line,” he said.
“这些法案需要跨越的障碍是争取白宫支持，”华盛顿非营利组织“负责任创新美国人”（Americans for Responsible Innovation）发言人克里斯·麦肯齐（Chris MacKenzie）表示，该组织支持这些措施。“鉴于曝光的一切，白宫若在限制中国获取芯片问题上与国会对抗、支持英伟达，代价将高昂。”白宫未对这些措施置评。
“The hurdle these bills need to clear is getting the White House onboard,” said Chris MacKenzie, a spokesman for Americans for Responsible Innovation, a Washington non-profit organisation that favours the measures. “With everything that’s surfaced, it would be costly for the White House to back Nvidia in a fight with Congress over restricting Chinese access to chips.”
成员包括英伟达在内的信息技术产业委员会（Information Technology Industry Council）等团体反对这些措施，理由是可能削弱美国竞争力并使出口管制政策复杂化。该委员会一位女发言人拒绝就当前英伟达事件置评。
The White House did not comment on the measures. The Information Technology Industry Council, whose members include Nvidia, among other groups, has opposed the measures, arguing they could undermine US competitiveness and complicate export control policy. A spokeswoman for the council declined comment on the current Nvidia situation.