当斯科特·科洛姆于1月宣誓就任美国参议员时，他将不会是首位创造历史的密西西比州黑人参议员。
When Scott Colom is sworn into the U.S. Senate in January, he will not be the first Black senator from Mississippi to make history.
凯特·布伦巴克 当斯科特·科洛姆于1月宣誓就任美国参议员时，他将不会是首位创造历史的密西西比州黑人参议员。但他将是近150年来首位，也是首位由选民而非州议员选出的黑人参议员。
KATE BRUMBACK When Scott Colom takes the oath of office for the U.S. Senate in January, he will not be the first Black senator from Mississippi to make history But he will be the first in nearly 150 years and the first chosen by voters rather than state lawmakers.
科洛姆是民主党人，周三被宣布战胜共和党参议员辛迪·海德-史密斯。
Colom, a Democrat was declared the winner Wednesday over Republican Sen. Cindy Hyde-Smith.
以下是关于密西西比州前两位黑人参议员希拉姆·罗兹·雷维尔斯和布兰奇·凯尔索·布鲁斯的一些情况。
Here are some things to know about the two previous Black senators from Mississippi, Hiram Rhodes Revels and Blanche Kelso Bruce.
美国国会首位黑人成员 雷维尔斯于1870年2月25日就任参议员席位，成为首位在国会两院中任职的非裔美国人。
The first Black member of the U.S. Congress Revels became the first African American to serve in either chamber of Congress when he took his Senate seat on Feb. 25, 1870.
据国家公园管理局和美国参议院网站上的传记记载，他于1827年9月出生于北卡罗来纳州的自由人家庭，成年后在全国各地从事宗教工作并教育其他黑人。内战后，他在密西西比州纳奇兹定居，担任非洲卫理公会圣公会长老。
Born to free parents in North Carolina in September 1827, he traveled throughout the country as an adult doing religious work and educating other Black people, according to biographies on National Park Service and U.S. Senate websites. After the Civil War, he settled in Natchez, Mississippi, where he served as presiding elder of the African Methodist Episcopal Church.
雷维尔斯于1868年当选为纳奇兹市参事，次年成为35名当选进入州议会的黑人男子之一。自密西西比州于1861年1月脱离联邦以来，该州的两个美国参议员席位一直空缺。雷维尔斯被同僚州议员选中填补其中一个席位，另一个席位则由一名白人获得。
Revels was elected as a Natchez alderman in 1868 and was one of 35 Black men elected to the state legislature the next year. Mississippi’s U.S. Senate seats had been vacant since the state seceded from the Union in January 1861. Revels was selected by his fellow state legislators to fill one of the seats, and a white man was chosen for the other.
雷维尔斯后来回忆道，根据美国参议院网站记载：“选举一名共和党人填补美国参议员未满任期的机会出现了，有色人种成员在共同商议后，同意将他们的影响力和选票投给自己种族中的一人担任该职位，因为依他们的判断，这将对种族界限偏见造成一次削弱性的打击。”
“An opportunity of electing a Republican to the United States Senate, to fill an unexpired term occurred, and the colored members, after consulting together on the subject, agreed to give their influence and votes for one of their own race for that position, as it would in their judgement be a weakening blow against color line prejudice,” Revels later recalled, according to a U.S. Senate website.
密西西比州重返联邦两天后，雷维尔斯就职，任职一年多，直至1871年3月3日任期结束。
Revels was seated two days after Mississippi was readmitted to the Union and served just over a year, until March 3, 1871, when his term ended.
密西西比州最后一位黑人参议员 布鲁斯由密西西比州议会选出，成为首位在联邦参议院完成整个任期的非裔美国人。他于1875年就职，1879年成为首位主持参议院会议的黑人。根据参议院和国家公园管理局网站的资料，布鲁斯1841年出生于奴隶家庭——其父是拥有其母的白人——他是唯一一位曾为奴后在联邦参议院任职的人。
The last Black Senator from Mississippi The Mississippi legislature chose Bruce to be the first African American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate. He was seated in 1875 and became the first Black man to preside over the Senate in 1879. Born into slavery in 1841 — his father was a white man who owned his mother — Bruce was the only formerly enslaved person to serve in the U.S. Senate, according to the Senate and National Park Service websites.
布鲁斯出生于弗吉尼亚州，其父将种植园业务迁至密西西比州，布鲁斯8岁起开始采棉。内战初期他逃往堪萨斯州，1864年在密苏里州为黑人儿童创办学校，随后在俄亥俄州奥伯林学院就读两年，因资金不足而退学。
Bruce was born in Virginia and his father moved his plantation operation to Mississippi, where Bruce began picking cotton at age 8. He escaped to Kansas early in the Civil War, established a school for Black children in Missouri in 1864 and attended Oberlin College in Ohio for two years before a lack of funds caused him to withdraw.
他返回密西西比州，成为富有的商人和地主，在地方政府担任多个职务，后由州议员选举进入联邦参议院。他在参议院任职至1881年。
He returned to Mississippi, where he became a wealthy businessman and landowner and held several positions in local government before he was elected to the U.S. Senate by state lawmakers. He served in the Senate from 1875 to 1881.
与科隆不同，密西西比州之前的黑人参议员是共和党人。重建时期是内战后从1865年到1877年的12年，当时通过了第13、14和15条修正案，废除了奴隶制，确立了出生公民权，并禁止“因种族、肤色或以前的奴役状况”而剥夺投票权。
Unlike Colom, Mississippi’s previous Black senators were Republicans Reconstruction, the 12-year period after the Civil War from 1865 to 1877, was when the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments were adopted, abolishing slavery, establishing birthright citizenship and prohibiting denial of the right to vote “on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”
共和党是内战期间亚伯拉罕·林肯总统所属的政党。他在1863年1月1日发布了《解放宣言》，宣布叛乱州的所有被奴役者“现在并将永远自由”。重建时期共有17名黑人男子在美国国会任职，其中15人在众议院，雷维尔斯和布鲁斯在参议院。直到1967年，马萨诸塞州参议员爱德华·布鲁克就职，参议院才再次有黑人成员；他是首位由普选产生的黑人参议员。
The Republican Party was the party of President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War. He issued the Emancipation Proclamation on Jan. 1, 1863, declaring all enslaved people in rebellious states “are, and henceforward shall be free.”A total of 17 Black men served in the U.S. Congress during Reconstruction, 15 in the House of Representatives and Revels and Bruce in the Senate. The Senate wouldn’t have another Black member until 1967, when Sen. Edward Brooke of Massachusetts took office as the first Black person to be popularly elected to that body.