据分析人士称，特朗普政府决定暂停微软、Adobe、Cognizant、Infosys、塔塔咨询服务公司（TCS）、Wipro、HCL Technologies以及凯捷等八家大型科技公司参与美国永久劳工认证（PERM）计划的资格，但这不太可能立即对印度IT企业造成财务上的负面影响。
Trump administration’s decision to suspend eight major technology companies including Microsoft, Adobe, Cognizant, Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Wipro, HCL Technologies and Capgemini, from the US Permanent Labour Certification (PERM) programme is unlikely to cause an immediate financial hit to Indian IT firms, according to analysts.
美国劳工部表示，将不再受理涉及这些公司的新的或正在处理中的永久劳工认证申请。
The US Department of Labour has said it will not accept new or process pending permanent labour certification applications involving these companies.
PERM程序是雇主为符合条件的外国员工申请基于就业的绿卡过程中的关键环节。此次措施并不会自动取消现有的H-1B签证，但可能会影响到相关员工获得绿卡的进程。
PERM is a crucial stage in the process through which employers sponsor eligible foreign workers for employment-based green cards. The action does not automatically cancel existing H-1B visas, but it could disrupt the green-card pathway for workers whose applications are affected.
解读：美国绿卡申请暂停对印度科技从业者意味着什么？
Explainer What the US green-card freeze means for Indian techies What happened?
发生了什么？八家科技公司受到美国绿卡申请暂停措施的影响，包括微软、Adobe、Cognizant、Infosys、Wipro以及凯捷等。
8 TECH FIRMS HIT BY US GREEN-CARD FREEZE Microsoft Adobe Cognizant Infosys Wipro Capgemini What is suspended?
哪些内容被暂停？此次措施针对的是PERM程序，而非H-1B签证。美国将不再受理涉及上述公司的新的或正在处理中的PERM申请。
PERM, NOT H‑1B VISAS The US will not accept new or process pending PERM applications involving the named companies. PERM Who could be affected?
哪些人群可能受到影响？那些依赖雇主协助提交PERM申请以获取绿卡的印度科技从业者，可能会面临申请延迟及不确定性。
INDIAN TECHIES SEEKING GREEN CARDS Workers relying on employer-sponsored PERM applications could face delays and uncertainty. WAITING What about Indian IT firms?
对印度IT企业有何影响？据路透社援引ICICI Securities的数据，在2024年10月至2025年9月期间，印度IT企业提交的PERM申请数量仅占全部申请量的不到2%。
LESS THAN 2% OF PERM FILINGS Indian IT firms accounted for less than 2% of PERM applications from October 2024 to September 2025, according to ICICI Securities, as reported by Reuters.
各公司有何回应？塔塔咨询服务公司表示，过去两年中其提交的PERM申请数量仅为个位数，因此此次措施不会对其人才战略或客户业务造成任何影响。
All PERM filings Indian IT firms Oct 2024 – Sep 2025 What are companies saying? TCS EXPECTS NO IMPACT TCS said the suspension would not affect its workforce strategy or client engagements, citing single-digit PERM applications over the past two years.
总体来看： 短期内对印度IT行业的影响有限，但长期来看仍存在诸多不确定性。分析人士指出，这一举措可能给这个规模达3150亿美元的产业带来人才留存难题、招聘成本上升以及监管方面的不确定性。
Single-digit PERM applications in two years The bigger picture LIMITED IMMEDIATE HIT, LONG-TERM UNCERTAINTY Analysts flag potential talent-retention concerns, hiring costs and regulatory uncertainty for India’s $315-billion IT industry.
3150亿美元：印度IT产业面临人才流失、招聘成本上升及监管不确定性等挑战信息来源：美国劳工部；路透社由Aniruddha Dhar制作的Express InfoGenIE绿卡政策变动对印度科技从业者有何影响？
$315bn India’s IT industry Talent retention Hiring costs Regulatory uncertainty Sources: US Department of Labor; Reuters Express InfoGenIE Created by Aniruddha Dhar What does the green card move mean for Indian techies?
对于持H-1B签证在美国工作的印度专业人士而言，当前最令人担忧的是通过雇主担保获得永久居留权的途径可能出现延迟或受阻。
For Indian professionals working in the US on H-1B visas, the immediate concern is the potential delay or disruption to their route to permanent residency through employer sponsorship.
特朗普政府暂停微软参与PERM绿卡计划，萨蒂亚·纳德拉获表彰。这一举措可能影响那些雇主已提交或正准备提交PERM申请的员工。长远影响则取决于相关限制措施的实施时长以及美国政府如何处理受影响的个案。
Trump awards Satya Nadella as US suspends Microsoft from PERM green-card programme The suspension could affect employees whose employers have initiated, or were preparing to initiate, PERM applications. The longer-term implications will depend on how long the restrictions remain in place and how the US government handles affected cases.
据路透社援引分析人士观点，由于各大科技企业已减少对PERM途径的依赖，印度IT企业短期内不太可能受到明显冲击。
News Reuters, citing analysts, reported that Indian IT firms were unlikely to face near-term fallout because major tech companies had reduced their dependence on the PERM route.
ICICI证券指出，2024年10月至2025年9月期间，印度IT企业提交的PERM申请占比不足2%。该机构认为，这一事态发展在短期内及中期对印度IT类股票构成利空，主要原因在于市场情绪及长期人才保留方面的隐忧，而非直接营收影响。
According to ICICI Securities, Indian IT firms accounted for less than 2 per cent of PERM applications filed between October 2024 and September 2025. The brokerage said the development was negative for Indian IT stocks in the near-to-medium term, primarily because of sentiment and longer-term talent-retention concerns rather than an immediate revenue impact.
该机构还警告称，居留身份问题长期悬而未决可能加剧在美员工的流失率。
It also warned that prolonged uncertainty around residency could increase attrition among US-based workers.
印度政府的立场：印度外交部表示，美国的这一举措无助于实现两国共同目标，并强调印度专业人士为美国经济作出了重要贡献。
What Indian government said The Ministry of External Affairs said the US move did not advance the shared ambitions of the two countries and defended the contribution of Indian professionals to the American economy.
“我们注意到美国副总统就此发表的言论。我们认为此类描述毫无必要，也忽视了一个事实：在美印度专业人士均受过良好教育且具备专业技能，是美国经济与创新生态体系的重要贡献者。”印度外交部周五如此表示。
“We have also seen some comments in this context by the US vice president. We believe that such descriptions are unwarranted and ignore the fact that Indian professionals in the United States are highly educated and skilled contributors to its economy and innovation ecosystem,” the MEA said on Friday.
印度政府的回应是在美国副总统JD·万斯指责多家企业利用PERM项目用外国劳工取代美国本地员工并压低工资之后作出的。
The Indian government response came after US Vice President JD Vance accused companies of using the PERM programme to replace American employees with foreign workers and undercut their wages.
印度信息技术行业协会NASSCOM表示，近年来各企业大幅降低了对H-1B签证的依赖程度，同时增加了在美国的本地招聘规模。据路透社援引NASSCOM的数据，通过PERM程序从H-1B签证转为永久居留权的劳工数量相对较少。
What Nasscom said Nasscom, India’s IT body, said late on Thursday that firms had significantly reduced their dependence on H-1B visas in recent years while expanding local hiring in the US. Relatively few workers move from H-1B visas to permanent residency through PERM, Reuters reported, citing Nasscom.
印度最大的信息技术服务出口商TCS则表示，鉴于过去两年中通过PERM程序提交的申请数量仅为个位数，公司预计此次签证暂停措施不会影响其人才战略或客户合作计划。
How TCS reacted India’s largest IT services exporter, said it did not expect the suspension to affect its workforce strategy or client engagements, citing single-digit PERM applications over the past two years.
受TCS业绩向好带动，印度信息技术指数当日上涨约3%。周五，该指数及TCS的涨幅均创下六周以来的最高水平。该指数所包含的10家成分股公司的总市值增加了7013.36亿卢比，约合72.5亿美元。
India’s IT index rose about 3 per cent, led by TCS, which gained after upbeat second-quarter results. Both IT index and TCS logged their biggest percentage rise in six weeks on Friday. The overall market value of the 10 constituents in the IT index rose 701.336 billion rupees ($7.25 billion).
民主党议员普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔严厉批评了特朗普政府的这一举措，称其相当于用“大锤”砸向合法移民体系。贾亚帕尔来自华盛顿州——微软的总部所在地，她指出这家科技巨头一直是推动全面移民改革的先锋。
US lawmaker Jayapal slams move Democratic lawmaker Pramila Jayapal slammed the Trump administration’s decision, saying it amounted to taking a hammer to the legal immigration system. Jayapal, who hails from Washington state – the home of Microsoft, said on Thursday the tech giant was a leader in advocating comprehensive immigration reforms.
贾亚帕尔的言论被视为对微软的声援，却遭到万斯的嘲讽。万斯质疑道：“所谓‘社会主义’，难道就是确保大型企业能源源不断地获得廉价劳动力吗？”
Jayapal’s remarks, seen as a defence of Microsoft, drew a dig from Vance, who wondered whether socialism meant making available never-ending cheap labour for megacorporations. “‘Socialism’ apparently means fighting like hell to ensure megacorporations have a never-ending flow of cheap labour,” Vance said.
万斯于周四宣布了这一暂停措施，指责各大科技企业及外包公司滥用签证制度，从而损害了美国本土工人的利益。来自华盛顿州的进步派民主党人贾亚帕尔指出，特朗普政府一直在试图切断移民合法进入美国的途径，使他们无法为国家贡献才能，而此次举措正是此类打压手段的又一例证。
Vance announced the suspension on Thursday, accusing major tech firms and outsourcing companies of abusing the visa system at the expense of American workers. Jayapal, a progressive Democrat from Washington state, said that the Trump administration has been consistently working to take away legal pathways for immigrants to contribute their talents to our country, and this is yet another of those attacks.
为何这一决定对印度IT行业意义重大？当前正值印度价值3150亿美元的IT产业面临艰难时期：该行业高度依赖美国市场获取收入，同时还要应对人工智能带来的行业变革以及日益严格的移民政策。
Why the decision matters for Indian IT The suspension comes at a difficult time for India’s $315-billion IT industry, which relies heavily on the US market for revenue and is already navigating AI-led disruption and tighter immigration rules.
据路透社报道，今年印度IT类股票平均跌幅已达25%，而同期基准指数仅下跌了14%。
Reuters reported that Indian IT stocks had fallen around 25 per cent this year, compared with a 14 per cent decline in the benchmark index.
“这一新的监管举措进一步加剧了该行业的不确定性，”路透社援引巴杰经纪公司研究部门负责人苏米特·辛哈尼亚的话说道。
“This additional regulatory development adds another layer of uncertainty for the sector,” Reuters quoted Sumit Singhania, head of research at Bajaj Broking, as saying.
辛哈尼亚指出，由于企业不得不更多地依赖美国本土人才及外包服务，其招聘与合规成本或将上升，进而可能影响整体利润率。
Singhania said companies could face higher hiring and compliance costs as they increasingly rely on US talent and subcontracting, potentially weighing on margins.