特朗普政府决定通过永久劳工认证计划（PERM）暂停为八家大型科技和IT服务公司的就业类绿卡申请处理，此举引发了在美国工作的印度专业人士的担忧。然而，移民专家斯瓦蒂丽娜·巴里克（Swatilina Barik）建议不要将这一措施与H-1B签证项目的暂停混为一谈。PERM暂停或使八家科技公司的印度员工绿卡申请延迟巴里克在一条领英帖子中澄清称，该措施并不会使现有的H-1B签证失效，也不会影响已经获批的绿卡申请。
The Trump administration's decision to halt employment-based Green Card processing via the Permanent Labor Certification Program (PERM) for eight major technology and IT services firms has generated apprehension among Indian professionals employed in the US. However, immigration specialist Swatilina Barik has advised against conflating this action with a suspension of H-1B visa programs.PERM pause could delay Green Cards for Indian workers at 8 Tech firmsIn a LinkedIn post, Barik clarified that the action does not invalidate current H-1B visas or impact Green Cards that have received approval.
相反，它限制受影响的公司提交新的PERM申请，并在暂停期间暂时中止所有正在审核中的申请。
Rather, it restricts the affected companies from submitting new PERM applications and temporarily halts any applications currently under review during the suspension period.
受此措施影响的公司包括微软（Microsoft）、Adobe、Cognizant、Infosys、塔塔咨询服务公司（TCS）、Wipro、HCLTech和Capgemini。什么是PERM？
The companies subject to this measure include Microsoft, Adobe, Cognizant, Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Wipro, HCLTech, and Capgemini. What is PERM?PERM represents a critical component within the employer-sponsored Green Card pathway.
PERM是雇主担保绿卡路径中的一个关键环节。通常，该计划要求雇主证明市场上没有足够合格且可获得的美国工人能够胜任该职位，同时确认雇佣外国工人不会对处于类似职位的美国员工的薪酬和就业条件造成负面影响。
Typically, it mandates that employers establish the absence of sufficient qualified and accessible US workers capable of filling the role, while simultaneously confirming that employing an international worker will not negatively impact the compensation and employment conditions of comparably positioned US employees.US visa alert: New USCIS rules tighten deadlines for Green Card applicants and H-1B workers; here's what's changingImpact on Indian professionalsFor Indian professionals dependent on employer sponsorship, any suspension could impede their trajectory toward securing permanent residency status.
美国签证警报：美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）新规收紧绿卡申请人和H-1B工作者的截止日期；以下是具体变化对印度专业人士的影响对于依赖雇主担保的印度专业人士而言，任何暂停措施都可能阻碍他们获得永久居留身份的道路。然而，实际影响将因他们当前的移民身份类别以及绿卡申请所处的阶段而有所不同。
However, the actual impact will fluctuate based on their present immigration classification and their position within the Green Card application timeline.
巴里克将这一发展描述为对就业类永久居留路径的限制，并强调这与取消临时工作许可是不同的。
Barik described the development as a constraint on the employment-based permanent residency pathway, distinguishing it from an elimination of temporary work authorization.
“真正的后果是：那些通过这些雇主申请永久居留权的人士将会遭遇申请延迟。对于众多正走在这条道路上的印度优秀专业人才而言，PERM申请阶段的停滞无疑会对他们的计划进度造成实质性影响，即便他们目前的签证状态依然有效，”他写道。这一区别对于H-1B签证持有者而言意义重大：只要他们能维持自身签证状态并满足所有相关规定，便可继续在美国工作。
“The real consequence is delay for those whose permanent residency runs through these employers. For the many talented Indian professionals on that path, a pause at the PERM stage is a genuine setback in timing, even though their current status is intact,” he wrote. This distinction holds significance for H-1B visa holders, who are permitted to remain employed in the US provided they sustain their valid status and satisfy all relevant requirements.
然而，那些依赖上述雇主来启动或推进基于PERM程序的绿卡申请的人，则可能面临未来前景的不确定性。政府将此次执法行动视为其整治涉嫌滥用就业类移民政策行为、保护美国劳动者权益举措的一部分。具体的指控内容及其相应后果会因企业而异，仅被暂停申请资格本身并不能直接证明企业存在违规行为。对于印度的科技行业从业者而言，最令人担忧的便是雇主协助的绿卡申请流程可能受到干扰。
However, people depending on the implicated employers to initiate or progress their PERM-based Green Card applications may encounter uncertainty regarding their future prospects. The administration has rationalized the enforcement action as a component of its initiative to examine purported misappropriation of employment-based immigration initiatives and safeguard American workers. The particular allegations and their respective consequences may differ across organizations, and a suspension alone does not inherently demonstrate culpability. For Indian technology professionals, the primary concern centers on the possible interruption of employer-sponsored Green Card petitions.
随着政府对各类工作类签证政策的监管力度不断加大，这一举措或许还会促使受影响的劳动者及其雇主重新评估自身的移民规划。巴里克的帖文还提到了其他移民途径，比如专为具备卓越才能的人士设立的EB-1A类别，以及允许符合特定条件的申请人无需雇主担保即可申请绿卡的EB-2国家利益豁免项目。“完全依赖雇主来规划自己的未来其实存在隐性风险，类似当下的状况恰恰暴露了这一点。”
This action may also encourage impacted workers and their employers to reevaluate their immigration approaches as the administration intensifies oversight of work-based visa initiatives. Barik's post also highlighted alternative immigration pathways, such as the EB-1A category designed for people demonstrating extraordinary ability and the EB-2 National Interest Waiver (NIW). “Depending entirely on an employer for your future is a quiet risk, and moments like this reveal it. The routes that rest on your own record, the extraordinary ability Green Card and the National Interest Waiver, need no employer and no PERM at all.”
那些基于申请人自身资历即可申请的途径，比如“杰出人才绿卡”以及“国家利益豁免”项目，完全不需要雇主担保，也无需经过PERM劳工认证程序。这些途径让符合条件的申请者能够独立于雇主赞助的PERM流程来申请永久居留权；不过这两种途径各自设有不同的资格要求，且均无法保证申请一定会获批。此次暂停措施给那些已在美国投入大量时间发展事业、同时努力争取永久居留身份的国际专业人士带来了更多复杂性。
These options enable qualified applicants to pursue permanent residency independent of employer-sponsored PERM labor certification, though both pathways maintain distinct eligibility criteria and offer no assurance of approval. The moratorium introduces additional complexity for experienced international professionals who have invested considerable time developing their careers in the US while pursuing permanent residency status.
对于受此措施影响的人群而言，明确移民流程的哪个环节被暂时叫停，对于评估该措施对自己具体情况可能产生的影响至关重要。
For people subject to this measure, determining which phase of the immigration process has been halted will prove critical in evaluating the likely consequences for their specific circumstances.