厄尔尼诺现象持续增强，一些科学家称其已达到“前所未有的水平”，距其预计在12月达到峰值还有几周时间。多项关键指标目前已处于历史最高水平。
El Niño has continued to strengthen to what some scientists are calling "unprecedented levels", weeks before its expected peak in December. Several key measures are now in record territory.
澳大利亚气象局（BOM）在最新报告中表示，中太平洋地区的平均每周海面温度已达到有记录以来的最高水平。此前，科学家们在9月宣布，中东太平洋的日海面温度创下新纪录，超过了2015年极强厄尔尼诺期间的先前纪录。
In its latest update, Australia's Bureau of Meteorology (BOM) said average weekly sea-surface temperatures in the central Pacific have reached their highest level on record It comes after scientists declared a new record for daily sea surface temperatures in the central-eastern Pacific in September, exceeding the previous record set during the very strong El Niño of 2015.
热带太平洋部分地区的海面温度首次出现超过30摄氏度的情况，同时观测到创纪录的海面温度异常和异常强的副表层暖化。这些测量数据来自用于监测厄尔尼诺现象的赤道太平洋地区。
Temperatures above 30C have also been recorded for the first time in parts of the tropical Pacific, while record sea-surface temperature anomalies and exceptional subsurface warmth have been observed. These measurements come from the region of the equatorial Pacific used to monitor El Niño.
厄尔尼诺是一种自然发生的气候模式，大约每两到七年出现一次，通常持续约一年。
El Niño is a naturally-occurring pattern, which happens about every two to seven years and tends to last for around a year.
然而，由于人为导致的气候变化，太平洋也在持续变暖，这开始掩盖厄尔尼诺期间的自然变暖强度。
However, the Pacific is also warming due to human-induced climate change and this is starting to mask the strength of the natural warming during El Niño.
为剔除这一额外变暖信号，澳大利亚和美国的官方预报机构目前正在使用相对海洋厄尔尼诺指数（RONI），以便更好地与历史事件进行比较。
To remove this additional warming signal, Australian and US official forecasters are now using a Relative Ocean El Niño Index (RONI), to enable better comparison to historical events.
利用该指标，BOM的平均每周数据——尽管仅追溯至2008年——具有重要意义，因为它如今已超过2015年12月创纪录水平。
Using that measure, the BOM's average weekly data - while only going back to 2008 - is significant as it now exceeds levels during the record-breaking December of 2015 "We are currently witnessing an El Niño event that is unprecedented in the historical record," Dr Zeke Hausfather, a climate scientist at Berkeley Earth, told the BBC.
伯克利地球气候科学家泽克·豪斯父（Dr Zeke Hausfather）告诉BBC：“我们目前正目睹一场在历史记录中前所未有的厄尔尼诺事件。”太平洋的变暖现象如今已远超通常用于监测厄尔尼诺的热带地区。
The warmth across the Pacific now extends well beyond the tropical region normally used to monitor El Niño.
与1972-73年、1982-83年、1997-98年和2015-16年之前的重大厄尔尼诺事件相比，如今太平洋及墨西哥湾的海洋变暖范围更为广泛。部分原因反映了海洋的长期变暖，但科学家表示这并非全部原因。
Comparisons with previous major events in 1972-73, 1982-83, 1997-98 and 2015-16 show much more widespread ocean warmth across the Pacific and into the Gulf of Mexico. Part of this reflects the long-term warming of the oceans but scientists say it is not the whole story.
“今年厄尔尼诺现象的强度已溢出传统的厄尔尼诺区域，”豪斯法特博士说。
"The strength of El Niño this year is spilling out of the traditional El Niño region," Dr Hausfather said.
世界气象组织（WMO）表示，目前没有证据表明气候变化正在使厄尔尼诺事件变得更强或更频繁。然而，这仍是一个活跃的科学研究领域。更清楚的是，厄尔尼诺现象将海洋中的额外热量释放到大气中。历史上，厄尔尼诺年份的全球气温通常高于中性年份。
The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) says there is currently no evidence that climate change is making El Niño events stronger or more frequent However, it remains an active area of scientific research. What is clearer is that El Niño releases additional heat from the oceans into the atmosphere. Historically, global temperatures during El Niño years are typically higher than during neutral years.
加上人为驱动的气候变化，预计这些额外热量将助使2026年成为有记录以来最暖年份之一，异常高的全球气温可能持续到2027年。
Combined with human-driven climate change, that extra heat is expected to help make 2026 one of the warmest years on record, with unusually high global temperatures likely to continue into 2027.
虽然最广泛的影响预计将在今年晚些时候及2027年显现，但厄尔尼诺的影响已在世界部分地区显现。
Although the most widespread impacts are expected later this year and into 2027, El Niño's influence is already being felt across parts of the world.
厄尔尼诺的强度并不自动决定其在任何单一地点的影响规模。区域性影响在不同事件间可能差异很大。然而，与以往的超级厄尔尼诺相比，一些共同模式正在显现。
The strength of an El Niño does not automatically determine the scale of impacts in any one location. Regional effects can vary considerably from one event to another. However, some common patterns are emerging when compared with previous super El Niños.
在1997-98年事件期间，东南亚地区的严重干旱导致大面积泥炭地和森林火灾，而东非部分地区经历了毁灭性洪水。该事件也助使1998年成为当时有记录以来最暖年份。2015-16年厄尔尼诺期间出现了类似模式。
During the 1997-98 event, severe drought across south-east Asia contributed to extensive peat and forest fires, while parts of East Africa experienced devastating floods. The event also helped make 1998 the warmest year on record at the time. A similar pattern developed during the 2015-16 El Niño.
严重干旱和野火活动再次出现在东南亚部分地区，而南部非洲经历了数十年来最严重的干旱之一，引发重大人道主义危机。
Severe drought and wildfire activity returned to parts of south-east Asia, while southern Africa experienced one of its worst droughts in decades, triggering a major humanitarian crisis.
另一个反复出现的信号是热带气旋活动。强厄尔尼诺事件通常抑制大西洋飓风，同时增强太平洋部分地区的活动，这一模式在2026年也已被观测到。
Another recurring signal is tropical cyclone activity. Strong El Niño events typically suppress Atlantic hurricanes while boosting activity across parts of the Pacific, a pattern that has also been observed during 2026.
世界气象组织表示，多个地区已经出现了与干旱和洪水相关的灾害，东非及亚太地区的粮食安全问题日益令人担忧。
The World Meteorological Organisation says drought and flood-related disruption is already being reported in several regions, with growing concerns over food security in parts of East Africa and the Asia-Pacific.
欧洲中期天气预报中心与美国国家海洋和大气管理局的预测均表明，厄尔尼诺现象很可能在12月达到峰值。
Forecasts from both the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts and the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration indicate El Niño is likely to peak in December.
豪斯法特博士称，最新的预测结果“令人震惊”，并且很可能会创下新的纪录。
Dr Hausfather said the latest projections were "astonishing" and are likely to set new records "by a remarkable amount".