
编辑部 距离中期选举仅剩一个月,民主党人发现自己的形势比预期更好。他们很可能赢得众议院,甚至可能在参议院获得微弱多数。然而,他们到底会如何利用这种权力,仍然是个谜。
By The Editors With a month to go until midterm elections, Democrats find themselves in better shape than expected. Odds are, they’ll win the House and perhaps a slim majority in the Senate. Exactly what they’ll do with that power, though, remains a mystery.
在竞选途中,该党的大多数国会候选人一直在大谈空谈,缺乏具体政策。由于缺少明确议程,许多人正在承诺进行党派斗争:对总统进行更多调查,展开广泛的弹劾程序,发出文件和证人的传票,进行激进的监督听证会,以及更多此类行动。
On the campaign trail, most of the party’s congressional candidates have been long on rhetoric and short on policy. In lieu of an agenda, many are promising partisan warfare: more investigations of the president, expansive impeachment proceedings, subpoenas for documents and witnesses, aggressive oversight hearings, and more.
这些做法在其范围内是可以接受的。但该党必须记住,选民心中有许多担忧,总统的合作仍然是通过法案所必需的——而且国家正面临着需要真正解决方案的实际挑战。
All of which is fine as far as it goes. But the party must remember that voters have many worries on their minds, that the president’s cooperation will still be needed to pass bills — and that the country is facing real challenges that need real solutions.
首先,许多必须通过的立法即将出台,这些立法需要跨党派合作,包括表面交通法案、农业法案、债务上限延期、国防授权法案以及维持政府运转所需的12项标准拨款法案。民主党应该为他们的优先事项而战,但他们应避免导致政府停摆或否则进行闹剧。
For starters, a lot of must-pass legislation is coming down the pike that will require cross-party cooperation, including a surface-transportation bill, a farm bill, a debt-ceiling extension, a defense reauthorization and the 12 standard appropriations bills needed to keep the lights on. Democrats should fight for their priorities, but they should avoid shutting down the government or otherwise engaging in theatrics.
接下来,他们应在可能的情况下寻求两党共赢。许可改革提供了一个明显的机会:参议院最近提出的一项法案将减轻目前困扰联邦关联建设项目的无尽延误和费用。通过该法案将降低成本,加快进度,加速绿色转型,并有助于为增长奠定基础。这应该是显而易见的选择。
Next, they should seek bipartisan victories where possible. Permitting reform offers an obvious one: A bill recently introduced in the Senate would mitigate the endless delays and expenses that currently plague federally linked construction projects. Passing it would slash costs, speed timelines, accelerate the green transition and help lay the groundwork for growth. It should be a no-brainer.

一个更大的问题是该国迫在眉睫的财政危机。随着债券收益率上升、社会保障基金面临破产、赤字达到2万亿美元,严肃的预算改革刻不容缓。起点应是一个两党财政委员会,授权其同时审查税收和支出,目标是稳定公共债务,并在本十年末将赤字降至国内生产总值(GDP)的3%。一项逐步提高养老金全额领取退休年龄、同时提高高收入者工资税征缴上限的协议,将是一个有用的第一步。
A bigger problem is the country’s looming fiscal crisis. With bond yields rising, Social Security nearing insolvency and deficits at $2 trillion, serious budgetary reform is urgently needed. The place to start is a bipartisan fiscal commission empowered to review both taxes and spending, with the goal of stabilizing public debt and reducing deficits to 3% of gross domestic product by decade’s end. A deal to gradually boost the full retirement age for pensions while raising the payroll tax cap for high earners would be a useful first step.
这种妥比想象中更可行。历史上,当政府分裂、选民担忧、危机在望、若不采取行动将面临严重惩罚时,削减赤字法案往往能奏效——所有这些条件目前都已具备。但关键在于诚意谈判:两党都需要分担痛苦。民主党应重视公众对此议题日益增长的关切,直接着手行动。
Such a compromise is more feasible than one might think. Historically, deficit reduction bills have tended to work when the government is divided, voters are concerned, a crisis is in view and a serious penalty looms without action — all conditions currently on the table. But the key is good-faith negotiation: Both parties need to share the pain. Democrats should heed rising public concern on the topic and simply get started.
如果出现难得的两党和缓,其他推动进步的机会比比皆是。在去年住房法案的基础上继续推进,扩大供应、降低房价和租金。改革移民法,使执法合理化并吸引更多高技能工人。废除《琼斯法案》,以大幅降低能源和航运成本。改善医疗价格透明度,包括通过“场所中性”报销费率。理想情况下,应拆除总统破坏性的关税制度,该制度毫无必要地拖累了增长,并推高了两党选民的物价。
Should there be an unlikely outbreak of bipartisan equanimity, other opportunities for progress abound. Build on last year’s housing bill to expand supply and reduce prices and rents. Reform immigration law to rationalize enforcement and lure more highly skilled workers. Repeal the Jones Act to slash energy and shipping costs. Improve price transparency in healthcare, including through “site neutral” reimbursement rates. Ideally, dismantle the president’s destructive tariff regime, which has needlessly slowed growth and raised prices for voters of both parties.
总之,该国有许多问题亟待解决,如果立法者愿意妥协,推动进步的机会有很多。很少有比现在更好的时机,将务实置于党派之争之上。
For now, suffice it to say that the country has a lot of problems to fix, and there are plenty of opportunities for progress, if lawmakers are willing to compromise. There’s rarely been a better time to put pragmatism over partisanship.