法国近年来也曾爆发过骚乱，但周六出现的城市战争场面前所未有。巴黎社会党市长埃马纽埃尔·格雷戈尔表示，整条街道“被毁坏”。他的震惊副手拉米亚·埃尔·阿拉杰说，首都遭遇了“我认为我们从未见过的暴力程度”。
France has had its share of riots in recent years but the scenes of urban warfare that erupted on Saturday were unprecedented. The Socialist mayor of Paris, Emmanuel Gregoire, said entire streets ‘have been devasted’. His shocked deputy, Lamia El Aaraje, said the capital suffered ‘a level of violence that I believe we had never seen before’.
在利摩日，市政厅被烧毁；里尔和马赛的市政厅受到严重破坏。里昂市中心的旅游办公室被夷为平地；在阿让，玛丽娜·勒庞的国民联盟分支办公室被洗劫一空。
In Limoges, the city hall was burned to the ground and those in Lille and Marseille were badly damaged. A tourist office in the heart of Lyon was razed and in Agen the branch office of Marine Le Pen’s National Rally was ransacked.
在尼斯、图卢兹、雷恩和波尔多，警察与流氓展开了追逐战。在布雷斯特，记者成为袭击目标；在巴黎，蒙面抗议者围攻了一家保守派电视台。
In Nice, Toulouse, Rennes and Bordeaux police fought running battles with thugs. Journalists were targeted in Brest and in Paris masked protestors besieged a conservative television station.
但巴黎在这一天承受了无政府状态的主要冲击，导致150名警察和宪兵受伤，其中一些人伤势严重。汽车被点燃，报刊亭和餐厅同样遭到焚烧。近900人被捕。警方试图用水炮和催泪瓦斯驱散骚乱者，但随着夜幕降临，广泛的抢掠行为爆发。超市、运动商店和时尚精品店被洗劫一空。
But it was Paris that bore the brunt of the anarchy on a day that left 150 police officers and gendarmes injured, some of them seriously. Cars were set alight, as were newspaper kiosks and restaurants. Nearly 900 people were arrested. Police attempted to disperse the rioters with water cannon and tear gas but as night fell there was widespread looting. Supermarkets, sports stores and fashion boutiques were stripped of their goods.
总理塞巴斯蒂安·勒科尔努在晚上发表声明，告诉全国人民他们“对警察和宪兵感到自豪”。他还点名了责任方：“法国多个城镇和城市的极左组织策划了暴力行为；罪犯趁机加入抢劫和破坏。”玛丽娜·勒庞进一步指责让-吕克·梅朗雄，即极左翼“不屈法国”领袖。她说：“合法的社会诉求再次被极左翼及让-吕克·梅朗雄的议员们所劫持，他们……试图将国家推入混乱。”这些社会诉求是上个月开始的学校抗议运动与黄背心运动的融合。
The Prime Minister, Sébastien Lecornu, issued a statement in the evening in which he told the nation that they ‘can be proud of their police officers and gendarmes’. He also named those responsible for the mayhem: ‘Far-left groups have organised acts of violence in several towns and cities across France; criminals have joined in to loot and destroy.’Marine Le Pen went further, pointing a finger at Jean-Luc Mélenchon, the leader of the far-left La France Insoumise. ‘Legitimate social demands have once again been held hostage by the far left and the speeches of Jean-Luc Mélenchon’s MPs, who… seek to plunge the country into chaos,’ she said. Those social demands were a merger of the school protest movement, which began last month, and the return of the yellow vests.
几周前，他们曾将10月17日星期六定为应对生活成本危机的和平抗议日。随后，学生们开始就教育状况进行示威，两场运动在此汇聚，有人将其称为“青年/黄背心”（Jeune/Jaune）抗议。
The latter had weeks ago earmarked Saturday October 17 as a day of peaceful protest at the cost of living crisis. Then schoolchildren began demonstrating about the state of the education and the two movements converged in what some had billed as a ‘Jeune/Jaune’ (Young/Yellow) protest.
周六，法国各地街头走出超过50万人，男女老少和平表达对社会状况恶化的担忧。但他们的声音被警笛、烟火和玻璃碎裂声淹没，因为数千名流氓在街头肆意破坏。
It brought more than half a million people out onto the streets across France on Saturday; men, women and children peacefully expressing their dismay at their deteriorating social conditions. But their message was drowned out by the police sirens, fireworks and breaking glass as thousands of thugs ran riot. J.D.
美国副总统J.D.万斯将暴力归咎于大规模移民：“西方自由派在多元与同情的名义下，把第三世界输入法国及其他国家，”他在周日早上在X上发文。“他们被告知这会导致这样的结果，却没听从。我祈祷法国——一个拥有杰出人民的美丽国家——能在更多地标被毁之前止住这场疯狂。”事情并非如此简单。正如塞巴斯蒂安·勒科尔努所说，暴力由两股力量制造：极左翼激进分子以及他所说的“罪犯”。
Vance, the American vice-president, blamed the violence on mass immigration: ‘Western liberals imported the third world into France and other countries in the name of diversity and compassion,’ he posted on X on Sunday morning. ‘They were told it would lead to this and they didn’t listen. I pray that France, a beautiful country of amazing people, will stop this madness before more of its landmarks burn.’It is not as straightforward as that. As Sébastien Lecornu said, the violence was perpetrated by two groups: far-left extremists and what he termed ‘criminals’.
极左翼激进分子通常是白人，就像今年早些时候在里昂一名民族主义学生死亡后被捕的那些人。电视上看到的冲进马赛克和里尔市政厅的人主要也是白人。另一方面，在巴黎、马赛和波尔多被拍到进行抢劫的“罪犯”看来具有移民背景。
Far-left extremists are usually white, like those arrested earlier this year after the death of a nationalist student in Lyon. The people seen on television forcing their way into the city halls of Marseille and Lille were mainly white. On the other hand, the ‘criminals’ filmed looting in Paris, Marseille and Bordeaux appeared to be of immigrant background.
少数暴力示威者身穿黄背心，但这些不是2018年运动初期的黄背心。当时的抗议者——主要来自省份——是为温饱而挣扎的中年男女，他们无政治立场，只希望巴黎有人能倾听他们的声音。
A few of the violent demonstrators wore yellow vests, but these are not the yellow vests of 2018, when the movement first began. Those protestors – who came mainly from the provinces – were middle-aged men and women struggling to make ends meets; they were apolitical and just wanted someone in Paris to listen.
周六在法国发狂的人们对对话毫无兴趣。他们年轻，佩戴着头巾，挥舞着巴勒斯坦旗帜。他们想要的是一个“新法国”。这一术语最早由让-吕克·梅朗雄在2018年的一次演讲中提出，此后他一直在发展这一概念。在法国移民最多的塞纳-圣但尼省，梅朗雄面对人群宣布：“我不害怕，我也不羞于说：你看到的这就是新法国”。具有讽刺意味的是，他在第一次黄背心抗议活动的次日发表了这番演讲。
Those who went berserk in France on Saturday aren’t interested in dialogue. They are young and wear Keffiyehs and wave the Palestinian flag. What they want is a ‘New France’. This term was first coined by Jean-Luc Mélenchon in a speech in 2018, and which he has since developed. Addressing a crowd in Seine-Saint-Denis, the most immigrant-heavy department in France, Mélenchon announced: ‘I’m not afraid, and I’m not ashamed to say it: what you see here is the New France’. Ironically, he delivered the speech the day after the first Yellow Vest protest.
自那以后，梅朗雄一直在上升，民调预测他将在4月的总统选举第二轮中与勒庞相遇。勒庞是获胜的热门人选，但人们担心她的胜利将在某些圈子里如何被接受。昨日的无政府状态可能只是即将在春天爆发的事件的开胃菜。
Mélenchon has been on the rise ever since and the polls are predicting that he and Le Pen will face each other in the second round of the presidential election in April. Le Pen is the favourite to win, but one fears how her victory will be received in some quarters. The anarchy yesterday may just be the hors-d’oeuvres to what will explode in the spring.