意大利总理梅洛尼领导的右翼政府批准了一揽子安全措施，其中包括在金融中心米兰部署500名军人，以遏制周末演变为混乱的青年主导抗议活动。
The right-wing government of Italy’s Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has approved a raft of security measures including the deployment of 500 troops in the financial capital Milan, to curb youth-led protests that turned chaotic over the weekend.
梅洛尼周二在社交媒体上发布该法令时写道：“破坏和偷窃没有任何革命性可言。破坏和偷窃不是抗议，它们是犯罪行为。”
“There is nothing revolutionary about vandalising and stealing. Vandalism and theft are not protest, they are criminality,” Meloni wrote on social media on Tuesday, unveiling the decree.
周六，米兰一场针对生活成本上涨和学校条件恶劣的和平集会期间爆发骚乱，该集会受邻国西班牙和法国类似动员的启发。主要由年轻人组成的群体洗劫商店、砸毁窗户，并再次于周日与警方发生冲突，博洛尼亚和都灵也有骚乱报告。以下是我们了解的新措施。
Unrest broke out on Saturday in Milan during a peaceful rally over rising living costs and poor school conditions inspired by similar mobilisations in neighbouring Spain and France Groups of mainly young people looted shops, smashed windows and clashed with the police again on Sunday, with riots also reported in Bologna and Turin. Here’s what we know about the new measures.
宣布了哪些措施？国防部在一份声明中表示，意大利内阁批准向米兰派遣500名军人，任务持续至年底，以维护关键地点安全、加强对敏感地点的监控，并加强全区监测。
What measures have been announced? The Italian cabinet approved sending 500 troops to Milan until the end of the year to maintain security at key sites, step up surveillance of sensitive locations, and enhance monitoring across the area, the Defence Ministry said in a statement.
鉴于内阁在塞尔焦·马塔雷拉总统反对下，未授予士兵额外警权，目前尚不清楚军队将能发挥何种作用。在意大利，军队负责国防，而警察负责调查和逮捕职责。
It is unclear what the army will be able to do, given that the cabinet stopped short of granting soldiers additional policing powers following opposition from President Sergio Mattarella. In Italy, the army is responsible for national defence while police carry out investigations and arrest duties.
作为即时生效的新法律措施之一，政府还设立了“暴力参与公共示威”新罪名，针对聚集超过五人并使用石块、棍棒、烟花等潜在有害物品的人员。
As part of the new legal measures, which take effect immediately, the government has also introduced a new offence of “violent participation in public demonstrations” targeting people gathering in groups of more than five who use potentially harmful objects including stones, sticks and fireworks.
该罪名最高可判处五年监禁，并处最高2万欧元（约合22440美元）罚款。
The offence is punishable with up to five years in prison and a fine up to 20,000 euros ($22,440).
这项法令的文本还援引“你破坏，你赔偿”的说法，作为让未成年人的父母为其子女造成的损害承担经济责任的依据。国家可以就由此造成的任何损失向父母的财产索赔，或通过扣除该家庭领取的公共补贴来索赔。
The text of the decree also cites the saying “You break it, you buy it” as grounds for making the parents of minors financially liable for the damage caused by their children. The state can claim damages for any resulting loss against parents’ properties or by deducting public subsidies received by the family.
14至18岁的儿童和青少年也将受到行政拘留，即使他们并未犯罪，只要有证据表明他们构成危险即可——这扩大了此前仅适用于成年人的权力。
Children and young people aged 14 to 18 will also be subject to administrative detention, even if they have not committed a crime, provided there is evidence they pose a danger, extending powers that previously applied only to adults.
其他措施包括，对利用社交媒体或网络工具组织团体进行暴力公众示威的个人，最高可判处12年监禁。
Additional measures include longer prison sentences of up to 12 years for individuals who use social media or online tools to organise groups for violent public demonstrations.
巴勒莫大学历史学家格雷戈里奥·索尔戈纳表示，这些措施没有考虑到年轻人日益增长的不满情绪，而这种不满源于一个“根本性矛盾”：“一方面是炫耀财富和富有作为成功典范；另一方面是经济不稳定所标志的深刻危机。”
Gregorio Sorgona, a historian at the University of Palermo, said the measures do not take into account growing discontent among young people, sparked by a “fundamental contradiction”: “On one hand, the ostentatiousness of wealth and richness as a model of success; on the other, a profound crisis marked by economic precariousness.”
“对于生活在贫困中的年轻人来说，无法获得那些财富象征可能引发暴力行为和抢劫，”索尔戈纳对半岛电视台说。“在应对后果之前，应该先针对原因采取行动，从日益加剧的社会不平等入手。”周末发生了什么？
“For the youth who live in poverty, the impossibility of accessing those symbols of wealth can spark violent behaviour and looting,” Sorgona told Al Jazeera. “Before tackling the effects, one should act on the causes, starting with growing social inequality.”What happened over the weekend?
周六，数十万欧洲人在意大利、法国、西班牙、比利时和葡萄牙走上街头，参加基本上各自独立的示威活动，抗议本国不断上涨的生活成本。
Hundreds of thousands of Europeans took to the streets in Italy, France, Spain, Belgium and Portugal on Saturday in largely uncoordinated demonstrations to protest against the rising cost of living in their countries.
在米兰，暴徒与警察发生冲突，抢劫商店并在市中心纵火，使通常挤满购物者的杜莫广场和一座奢侈品拱廊街变得空无一人。
In Milan, rioters clashed with police, looted stores and set property on fire in the city centre, emptying Piazza del Duomo and a luxury arcade that would usually be full of shoppers.
一场反对战争和不断上涨的生活成本的游行起初是和平的，但蒙面抗议者向防暴警察投掷石块、铺路砖和其他物品，并点燃了用酒吧桌子搭成的路障。
A march against wars and rising living costs began peacefully, but masked protesters threw stones, paving blocks and other objects at riot police and set fire to barricades made from bar tables.
警方使用水炮和催泪瓦斯驱散人群。意大利LaPresse通讯社报道，至少两名警察受伤，约50名示威者——其中许多是未成年人——被拘留。
Police used water cannons and tear gas to disperse the crowds. At least two police officers were injured, and about 50 demonstrators – many of them minors – were detained, the Italian LaPresse news agency reported.
在博洛尼亚，警方还报告称，除了和平集会外，抗议者还投掷石块并与警方发生冲突。在都灵，蒙面抗议者利用垃圾桶和户外家具设置路障，并向警察投掷鞭炮、棍棒和石块。对新措施的反应如何？
In Bologna, police also reported that, alongside peaceful rallies, protesters threw stones and clashed with officers. In Turin, hooded protesters used bins and outdoor furniture to set up barricades, and threw firecrackers, sticks and stones at police. What have the reactions to the new measures been?
抗议者表示，这些措施未能解决暴力的根本原因，即不断上涨的物价正将家庭推向贫困。缺乏负担得起的住房、不断上涨的家庭开支以及失灵的公共服务，导致许多年轻人表示不再指望自己的生活会比父母一代更好。
Protesters say the measures fail to address the root cause of the violence, namely rising prices that are pushing families into poverty. A lack of affordable housing, rising household costs, and failing public services have led many young people to say they no longer expect to be better off than their parents.
物价平均每年上涨约2%，但在2022年大幅跃升，当时意大利年通胀率达到8.7%。这一飙升主要由能源成本推动，后者在2022年2月俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后飙升。2000年至2025年间，意大利食品、能源、交通和家庭账单等日常必需品的成本上涨了68%，而平均全职工资却下降了近5%。
Prices rose by about 2 percent a year on average, but jumped in 2022, when annual inflation hit 8.7 percent in Italy. The surge was driven mainly by energy costs, which soared following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Between 2000 and 2025, the cost of everyday necessities such as food, energy, transport and household bills has risen by 68 percent in Italy, while the average full-time wage has fallen by almost 5 percent.
热那亚市长西尔维娅·萨利斯表示：“必须倾听年轻人的声音，但在米兰和都灵，我们看到了以破坏为唯一目的的暴力行为。”“然而，回应应当是包容，”她据意大利《共和国报》报道说道。
Genoa Mayor Silvia Salis said: “Young people must be listened to, but in Milan and Turin we have seen violence with the sole aim of destruction.”“The response, however, should be inclusion,” she said, according to Italian newspaper La Repubblica.
包括“安提戈涅协会”在内的非政府组织警告称，大规模逮捕年轻人只会加剧原有问题。该协会致力于推动监狱系统内的人权，它表示，更多和更长的监禁刑期将加剧过度拥挤。根据政府数据，意大利监狱在押人数四年来已增加逾17%。
NGOs including Associazione Antigone, which promotes human rights within the prison system, warned that arresting young people en masse will only add to pre-existing problems. More and longer prison sentences, it said, will worsen overcrowding. According to government data, the prison population in Italy has already increased by more than 17 percent over four years.
该组织在 Facebook 上发布声明称，尽管大约七分之一的儿童（13.8%）生活在贫困中，但政府尚未制定任何应对贫困问题的政策。
The organisation said in a Facebook post that while roughly one child in seven (13.8 percent) lives in poverty, the government has not formed any policies to tackle this.
因此，索尔戈纳（Sorgona）认为，这些新的措施不太可能阻止进一步的抗议活动和暴力行为——因为这些措施在 2001 年热那亚针对 G8 峰会反全球化示威者的事件中就未能起到任何作用：当时有 30 万名示威者走上街头，而警方则使用了催泪瓦斯和橡皮子弹来镇压他们。
Sorgona said, therefore, that these latest measures are unlikely to prevent further protests and violence, as they failed to do in Genoa against G8 anti-globalisation demonstrators in 2001, when 300,000 protesters marched and police responded with tear gas and rubber bullets.
索尔戈纳指出：“在这样一个深受贫困与社会隔阂困扰的社会中，威慑手段未必是防止冲突激化的有效工具。”
“Deterrence is not necessarily a valid tool to prevent the radicalisation of conflict, especially in a society that is swept by poverty and social segregation,” Sorgona said.
她还警告说：“这项法令有可能加剧抗议活动，并导致数千人因法律依据不明确而被逮捕。”
“The decree risks intensifying the protests and leading to the arrest of thousands of suspects on the basis of ill-defined legal grounds.”