
杰西·贝达因 德克萨斯州奥斯汀 —— 多年来,赢下德克萨斯州一直是民主党的“白鲸”,备受瞩目的尝试一次次以失望告终。
JESSE BEDAYN AUSTIN, Texas — Winning Texas has been the Democratic Party’s white whale for years, the much-hyped attempts repeatedly ending in disappointment.
如今,民主党人詹姆斯·塔拉里科与共和党人肯·帕克斯顿之间的联邦参议员竞选,又是一个令人垂涎的机会,随着这场漫长的竞选进入最后几天,比赛的胜负很可能取决于其不同寻常的摩擦点。
Now, the U.S. Senate contest between Democrat James Talarico and Republican Ken Paxton is another tantalizing opening, and as the long race enters its final few days, the contest could well turn on its unusual points of friction.
植根于希望的竞选能否浇灭建立在恐惧之上的竞选?帕克斯顿对唐纳德·特朗普总统的拥抱会助他一臂之力,还是让他付出代价?世界首富能否左右天平?塔拉里科是其政党的救星,还是又一个昂贵的海市蜃楼?
Can a campaign rooted in hope douse one of fear? Will Paxton’s embrace of President Donald Trump propel or cost him? Can the world’s richest man tip the scales? And is Talarico his party’s salvation or just another expensive mirage?
答案将产生超越德克萨斯州的回响,不仅关乎哪个党派在特朗普任期最后两年控制国会。塔拉里科在一个共和党州获胜,可能预示着全国政治版图的重绘。帕克斯顿获胜,将熄灭民主党的梦想——即该州不断变化的人口结构最终将在经历数十年共和党统治后占上风。
The answers will have echoes beyond Texas and not just by helping decide which party controls Congress in Trump’s final two years in office. A Talarico victory in a Republican state could signal a redrawing of the national political map. A win by Paxton would extinguish a dream by Democrats that the state’s shifting demographics would eventually prevail after decades of Republican dominance.
“假以时日,当我们夺回德克萨斯州时,我们将震惊世界,”塔拉里科本周对一群支持者说道。几小时后,帕克斯顿在自己的集会上对情绪高涨的群众说:“如果我们输了德克萨斯,我们就输了美国。”正如帕克斯顿所描述的,这次选举就像落在大陆分水岭上的一滴水——这条线沿着落基山脉的脊背延伸,水滴落在一侧流向太平洋,落在另一侧则流向大西洋。
“We’re going to shock the world when we take back Texas,” Talarico told a crowd this week. Hours later, Paxton, at his own rally, told an energized crowd: “If we lose Texas, we lose America.”As Paxton describes it, this election is like a drop of water above the Continental Divide — the line running down the spine of the Rocky Mountains where, on one side, the drop flows to the Pacific Ocean and, on the other, the Atlantic.
“他们最终相隔3000英里。这就是我们现在的选举模样,”他在美墨边境附近对一群听众解释道。“这是我们的开国元勋留给我们的美国,与他们无法认出的另一种美国。”但原本在年初看似共和党稳操胜券的参议院席位,如今却变成了对帕克斯顿背景的公投,其背景包括因腐败指控被本党弹劾,以及一场极为公开的离婚。尽管如此,他仍获得了特朗普备受追捧的背书,并在初选中击败了现任参议员约翰·科宁。
“They end up 3,000 miles apart. That’s what our elections are like now,” he explained to a crowd near the U.S.-Mexico border. “It’s the America our founders gave us versus something they wouldn’t recognize.”But a Senate seat that seemed like a Republican lock when the year began has instead become a referendum on Paxton’s fraught background that includes being impeached by his own party over corruption accusations and a very public divorce. Still, he was able to win the coveted endorsement of Trump and defeat the incumbent, Sen. John Cornyn, in a primary .
如今,在竞选的最后阶段,他将塔拉里科描绘成与该州格格不入的极端自由派。
Now, in the campaign’s closing days, he is casting Talarico as an extreme liberal out of step with the state.
投给塔拉里科“一票就是支持全国民主党人提出的每一个危险想法,”他说,这意味着暴力罪犯将摧毁这个国家,美国最高法院将变成一个激进自由派的橡皮图章。
A vote for Talarico “is a vote for every dangerous idea that Democrats across the country are putting forward,” he said, which means violent criminals will destroy the country and the U.S. Supreme Court will become a radical liberal rubber-stamp.
当天早些时候,塔拉里科的集会气氛截然不同,在一场他需要共和党选民支持的竞选中,他没有直接攻击共和党。
Earlier that day, Talarico’s rally had a different tenor, and without one direct attack on the Republican Party in a race in which he will need GOP voters to win.
“我们面临负担能力危机,是因为我们面临腐败危机,”他在休斯顿大学对一群激动的听众说。“但我们可以在这次选举、在这个州、在这场竞选中改变这一切,只要我们团结起来,不以民主党人或共和党人自居,而以德州人自居。”他常常说,这让他想起大卫与歌利亚的战斗,或者在此例中,与亿万富翁大捐款人的战斗。
“We have an affordability crisis because we have a corruption crisis,” he told a revved-up crowd at the University of Houston. “But we can change that in this election, in this state, in this race, if we come together not as Democrats or Republicans but as Texans.”That reminds him, he often says these days, of David locked in a battle against Goliath , or, in this case, billionaire megadonors.
“(大卫)可能没有那么多武器,但他有信仰、有希望,还有一把投石索,”塔拉里科说,他是一名长老会神学院学生。“你们就是我的投石索。”他的策略?尽管名字旁有“D”字,也要激发每个德州人的希望。
“(David) may not have had as many weapons, but he had faith, he had hope and he had a slingshot,” said Talarico, a Presbyterian seminary student. “You are my slingshot.”His strategy? Stir every Texan’s hopes despite the “D” beside his name.
德州民主党人此前也曾希望落空,尤其是前众议员贝托·奥罗克在2018年以不到3个百分点的差距输给共和党参议员泰德·克鲁兹的竞选。
Texas Democrats have had their hopes dashed before, notably when former congressman Beto O’Rourke lost a race to Republican Sen. Ted Cruz in 2018 by less than 3 percentage points.
塔拉里科激发的热情至少不亚于奥罗克,筹集的资金更多,且面对的对手帕克斯顿并不像克鲁兹那样强劲。
Talarico has generated at least as much enthusiasm, has amassed more money and has a less formidable opponent in Paxton.
经历过奥罗克等人竞选的支持者往往心怀矛盾:既坚信塔拉里科能在这样一个根深蒂固的保守州获胜,又隐隐担心他会像前人一样最终落败。
Supporters who lived through O’Rourke’s and others’ attempts often hold contradictory feelings: a confidence that Talarico can win in such a deeply conservative state and a nagging suspicion that he, like many before him, will fall short.
帕克斯顿试图利用文化议题攻击塔拉里科,强调他对跨性别者权利的支持以及“上帝是非二元性别”等过往言论。但塔拉里科证明自己是一位灵活的反击者,猛抨帕克斯顿的腐败问题,将其与举步维艰的经济挂钩,同时设法避开党派之争,提出积极的施政议程。
Paxton has tried to leverage cultural issues against Talarico, emphasizing his support for transgender rights and previous statements such as “God is nonbinary.”But Talarico has proved to be a nimble counter puncher, hammering Paxton about corruption and tying him to the struggling economy while also trying to sidestep partisanship and proffering a positive agenda.
在共和党选民占多数的州里,帕克斯顿押注党派忠诚度能维持不变。
In a state with a majority of Republican voters, Paxton is betting on the partisan loyalties holding.
“这是简单的数学题,”努埃塞斯县共和党主席卡门·卡尔德龙在帕克斯顿集会的暖场演讲中说,“只要我们动员选民投票,就能赢。”
“It’s simple math,” said Carmen Calderone, the Nueces County GOP chair, in his warm-up speech at Paxton’s rally. “We can win if we turn out the vote.”
帕克斯顿最后阶段巴士巡回的竞选口号“Come and take it”(有种来拿啊)重重砸向这一点。据广告追踪公司AdImpact统计,自各自锁定提名以来,双方广告总支出略低于3.4亿美元。
Paxton’s campaign slogan for his final bus tour sledgehammers that point home: “Come and take it.”Total ad spending sits just under $340 million since each candidate locked up his nomination, according to the ad-tracking firm AdImpact.
虽然塔拉里科的竞选团队在筹款上超过了帕克斯顿,但包括世界首富在内的大额捐助者通过超级政治行动委员会(超级筹委会)伸出援手。马斯克已将特斯拉、SpaceX总部及本人迁至德克萨斯州,并投入数百万美元捍卫该州共和党在国会的垄断地位。特朗普也多次飞抵德州,称赞帕克斯顿作为总检察长的工作表现——尽管未夸赞其仪容着装。
While Talarico’s campaign outpaced Paxton’s, big donors, including the world’s richest man, have come to the Republican’s aid via super PACs. Musk has headquartered his companies Tesla and SpaceX — as well as himself — in Texas, and he has staked millions of dollars to defend its Republican monopoly in Congress. Trump, too, has flown to Texas several times and praised Paxton’s work as attorney general, if not his appearance and attire.
在塔拉里科眼中,这是“三个巨人”的组合——“世界首富、世界权力最大的人、德州最腐败的政客”——正中他的竞选信息下怀。
To Talarico, it’s a trifecta of Goliaths — “the richest man in the world, the most powerful man in the world, the most corrupt politician in Texas” — and plays into his own campaign message.
休斯顿大学政治学教授布兰登·罗廷豪斯表示,塔拉里科更具前瞻性的信息能够迎合厌倦了将党派政治视为“高风险戏剧”的选民,而帕克斯顿警告塔拉里科获胜将带来灾难的论调,可能难以打动对由共和党领导的州——乃至国家——的经济现状感到不满的选民。
Brandon Rottinghaus, a political science professor at the University of Houston, said Talarico’s more forward-looking message can meet an electorate weary of partisan politics as “high-stakes drama,” while Paxton’s message of doom if Talarico wins may struggle with voters dissatisfied with the economic status quo in a state — and a nation — led by Republicans.
他说:“人们之所以受到震动而重新审视自己的党派信仰,是因为经济低迷。”
“The fact that people are shocked into reassessing their own partisan beliefs is because of a sour economy,” he said.
帕克斯顿从未动摇过公开效忠特朗普,如今他寄望于特朗普的亲身造势和镜头露面能帮助他在德克萨斯州取得胜利。尽管特朗普低迷的支持率可能削弱这一优势,但帕克斯顿只需激励足够多的共和党选民出来投票即可。
Paxton, who has never wavered in his public fealty to Trump, is now hoping that Texas will be a place where the president’s presence, in person and on camera, will help deliver a victory. While Trump’s poor approval ratings might dampen that advantage, Paxton just needs to motivate enough Republicans to turn out.
他的挑战在于,有充足证据表明塔拉里科已赢得独立选民,甚至几位知名共和党人的支持。共和党前总统乔治·W·布什的弟弟尼尔·布什本周为这位民主党人背书,此外还有几位来自共和党老派的人物也表示支持。
His challenge is that there is ample evidence that Talarico has won over independents and even several better-known Republicans. Neil Bush, the brother of Republican President George W. Bush, endorsed the Democrat this week, along with a few others from an older guard of the Republican Party.
虽然特朗普对这场竞选的影响尚不明朗,但马斯克的影响则清晰可见。
While Trump’s influence on the race is less clear, Musk’s isn’t.
马斯克累计向参议院领袖基金捐赠了1.58亿美元。该基金向德克萨斯州政治行动委员会捐赠了1.58亿美元,成为帕克斯顿竞选活动的最大金主。马斯克还向支持帕克斯顿的“孤星自由政治行动委员会”捐赠了1000万美元。
He’s contributed a total of $158 million to the Senate Leadership Fund. The fund gave $158 million to Texas PAC, the largest contributor to Paxton’s campaign. Musk also gave $10 million to the Paxton-supporting Lone Star Liberty PAC.
如今在总支出上占优的帕克斯顿不谈马斯克。但这正中塔拉里科反腐败叙事的下怀。
Paxton, now with an advantage in total spending, doesn’t talk about Musk. But it’s played into the hands of Talarico’s corruption spiel.
他在集会上对支持者说:“肯·帕克斯顿是由一个人资助的。他想要一位专属于他个人的联邦参议员。”
“Ken Paxton is funded by one dude,” he told supporters at the rally. “He wants his very own personal United States senator.”