结果是逮捕人数少得可怜，持续数月的骚扰，以及一种挥之不去的感觉——ICE探员随时可能回来，尤其是在选举期间。
The result was a paltry number of arrests, months of sustained harassment, and a lingering feeling that ICE agents could return at any minute, especially around election time.
“在俄亥俄州中部，我们的提前投票地点位于一个受ICE打击最严重的社区，而且是一个移民社区，”614 ICE观察组织和俄亥俄好邻居网络的组织者莉莲娜·里维拉·拜曼告诉《连线》杂志。“所以我们知道那个社区面临风险，人们会去那里投票，那里的许多社区成员，比如有投票权的索马里社区、拉丁裔社区，都是步行去投票点的。”
“Here in central Ohio, our early voting location is located in a neighborhood that's been the hardest hit by ICE, and it's an immigrant community neighborhood,” Liliana Rivera Baiman, an organizer with the 614 ICE Watch group and the Ohio Good Neighbor Network, tells WIRED. “So we knew that that neighborhood was at risk and that people were going to be going to vote there, and a lot of the community there, like our Somali community that can vote, our Latino community, they walk to the location.”
拜曼所在的团体正在回应特朗普政府在中期选举期间针对移民社区的威胁。拜曼说，每天已经有数十名志愿者在哥伦布市提前投票点附近巡逻，到选举日当天，这一数字将增至约250人。他们接受过培训，负责记录、保存和报告任何联邦移民执法人员的目击情况，并在数十个Signal和WhatsApp群组中分享相关信息。
Baiman’s group is responding to the threats from the Trump administration to target immigrant communities during the midterms. Dozens of volunteers are already patrolling near early voting sites in Columbus every day, Baiman says, and the figure will rise to around 250 on Election Day. They have been trained to document, record, and report any sightings of federal immigration agents, sharing the information in dozens of Signal and WhatsApp groups.
“我们教人们必须观察行为。我们向他们展示要注意什么，ICE是什么样子，这是探员穿的制服类型，这是他们驾驶的车辆类型，”拜曼说。“我们给他们看例子，让他们熟悉自己可能看到的情况。”这些努力正在全国各地的城镇中重复进行。《连线》采访了十几位参与这一行动的人，他们的团体正合作应对他们所认为的对美国民主的生存性威胁。
“We teach people that they have to observe the behavior. We show them what to look out for, what does ICE look like, this is the type of uniform that agents wear, these are the types of vehicles that they drive,” Baiman says. “We show them examples so that they can get familiar with what they might see.”These efforts are being repeated in towns and cities across the country. WIRED spoke to a dozen people taking part in this effort, whose groups are working together to combat what they see as an existential threat to American democracy.
这一应对行动的核心是由“共同事业”、“美国公民自由联盟”和“不可分割”等大型全国性团体，以及亚利桑那州“团结变革”和“北加州抵抗”等地方团体举办的培训课程，这些课程培养了大批能够记录和拍摄ICE行动、了解选民权利、并在许多情况下为最坏情况做准备的人。
Central to this response are training sessions run by massive national groups like Common Cause, the American Civil Liberties Union, and Indivisible, as well as local groups like Living United for Change in Arizona and NorCal Resist, that have created massive groups of people who can document and record what ICE is doing, understand voters rights, and in many cases, prepare for worst-case scenarios.
美国国土安全部官方表示，没有计划在选举日向投票站部署ICE探员。“ICE没有计划针对投票站开展行动，”一位国土安全部发言人告诉《连线》，但补充说：“ICE开展由情报驱动的针对性执法，如果活跃的公共安全威胁危及投票站，他们可能因该针对性执法行动而被逮捕。”ICE和白宫未回应置评请求。
Officially, the Department of Homeland Security has said that it has no plans to deploy ICE agents to polling locations on Election Day. “ICE is not planning operations targeting polling locations,” a DHS spokesperson tells WIRED, but added: “ICE conducts intelligence-driven targeted enforcement, and if an active public safety threat endangered a polling location, they may be arrested as a result of that targeted enforcement action.”ICE and the White House did not respond to requests for comment.
过去六个月里，特朗普总统及其盟友一直拒绝排除在中期选举期间向投票站部署人员的可能性，尽管这种做法根据联邦法律是非法的。今年5月，当被问及是否会在中期选举期间部署国民警卫队或移民及海关执法局（ICE）时，特朗普说：“我会采取一切必要措施来确保我们拥有诚实的选举。我们必须有诚实的选举。”
For the past six months, President Trump and his allies have declined to rule out possible deployments to voting locations during the midterms, even though they would be illegal under federal law. When asked in May if he would deploy the National Guard or ICE during the midterms, Trump said: “I’d do anything necessary to make sure we have honest elections. We have to have honest elections.”
“为什么会有人反对派遣ICE官员前往投票站？”时任代理司法部长托德·布兰奇在7月说。“非法移民不能投票。”
“Why are there objections to sending ICE officers to polling places?”Todd Blanche, then acting attorney general, said in July. “Illegals can’t vote.”
一些选举专家根本不相信这会发生：“ICE和军队不会出现在投票站，”前司法部审判律师、现任选举创新与研究中心负责人戴维·贝克尔在最近的一次媒体简报会上说。“这不会发生。就算发生，也会是孤立的。会是意外。就是不会发生。”但对于在特朗普第二个任期内被ICE针对的社区中与选民直接接触的基层组织来说，现实感受截然不同。数百个不同的团体参与了反对ICE可能在投票站进行恐吓的行动，它们都在相互协调配合。
Some election experts simply don’t believe it will happen: “ICE and troops will not be at the polls,” David Becker, a former Justice Department trial attorney who is now head of the Center for Election Innovation and Research, said at a recent media briefing. “It won't happen. If it happens at all, it will be isolated. It will be accidental. It just won't happen.”But for organizations on the ground interacting with voters in communities that have been targeted by ICE during Trump’s second term in office, the reality feels very different. Hundreds of different groups are part of the fight against possible ICE intimidation at the polls, and they are all working in coordination with each other.
“我走遍了这个州，进出里诺，进出拉斯维加斯，深入我们的农村县，我被问到的头号问题就是投票站会不会有联邦探员，”内华达州州务卿西斯科·阿吉拉尔对《连线》杂志说。
“I've been up and down this state, in and out of Reno, in and out of Las Vegas, into our rural counties, and the number one question I get is about federal agents at polling locations,” Cisco Aguilar, the Nevada secretary of state, tells WIRED.
比阿特丽斯·洛佩斯对此表示认同，尤其是就她的组织所关注的社区而言。洛佩斯是Voto Latino的执行主任，该组织鼓励西班牙裔和拉丁裔公民投票。
Beatriz Lopez, the executive director of Voto Latino, a group encouraging Hispanic and Latino citizens to to vote, agrees, particularly when it comes to the communities her organization is focused on.
“我们知道拉丁裔选民是本届政府的攻击目标，因为我们知道我们的选民群体、我们的投票集团将决定许多竞争激烈的选举结果，”洛佩兹告诉《连线》（WIRED）。“我们社区内存在真实的恐惧。”洛佩兹的组织与《连线》交谈的许多其他组织一样，将在选举日运作一个“作战室”，具体目标是识别并揭穿可能劝阻公民投票的病毒式虚假信息。但他们也在为更令人担忧的现实问题做准备。
“We know that Latino voters are in the crosshairs of this administration because we know our electorate, our voting bloc, is what's going to shape and determine the elections of so many competitive races,” Lopez tells WIRED. “There is legitimate fear among our community.”Lopez’s group, like many others WIRED spoke to, will be operating a war room on Election Day, with the specific goal of identifying and debunking viral disinformation that could dissuade citizens from voting. But they are also preparing for more troubling, real-world concerns.
“我们预期的一种情况是，就在我们试图动员人们出来投票的同时，移民与海关执法局（ICE）可能会在这些社区中的一些地方进行住宅突袭，这对人们有着真实的寒蝉效应，”洛佩兹说。
“One of the scenarios that we're anticipating is that at the same time that we're trying to get people out to vote, there might be home raids by ICE in some of these neighborhoods, which has a real chilling effect on people,” Lopez said.
为应对这一情况，像哥伦布市的“614 ICE Watch”这样的组织正在投票站附近的社区组织巡逻。“我们派人员成对或结伴而行。我们绝不希望任何人单独行动；我们总是希望有多人在场，以便他们能帮助控制局势，”贝曼说，并补充说他们已培训志愿者掌握一种独特的降温处理方法：“如果局势开始变得非常紧张，我们教导我们的人员哼唱、歌唱，以让自己冷静下来。”
To combat this scenario, groups like 614 ICE Watch in Columbus are organizing patrols in neighborhoods near polling locations. “We send our folks in pairs or in groups. We never want to send anyone alone; we always want to have multiple people there so they can help take control of the situation,” Baiman says, adding that they have trained volunteers in a unique method of de-escalation: “If it starts to get very tense, we teach our folks to hum, to sing, to calm themselves down.”
目标不是与ICE特工互动，而是记录他们的所作所为，以便事件能被妥善记录并公之于众。今年1月，就在亚历克斯·普雷蒂在明尼阿波利斯被枪杀几天之后，超过20万人登录了一个“监督ICE”Zoom培训课程，旨在教导人们如何妥善记录ICE的活动。致力于阻止美国威权主义崛起的组织“Indivisible”联合创始人埃兹拉·莱文告诉《连线》，这些技能现在正被部署用于中期选举中。
The goal is not to interact with ICE agents but to document what they are doing so that events can be properly recorded and shared publicly. In January, just days after Alex Pretti was shot and killed in Minneapolis, more than 200,000 people logged into an “Eyes on Ice” Zoom training session, designed to teach people how to properly document ICE activities. Those skills are now being deployed during the midterm elections, Ezra Levin, cofounder of Indivisible, a group founded to stop the rise of authoritarianism in the US, tells WIRED.
规模小得多的是，亚利桑那州的“为变革而团结生活”组织一直在线下培训志愿者成为“宪法捍卫者”，为下周的投票做准备。为了追踪美国移民与海关执法局（ICE）的活动，该组织创建了一张热力图，供志愿者记录和追踪ICE的活动。这张地图不对公众开放，但《连线》获得了网站访问权限，并查看了马里科帕县和皮马县数百起记录在案的ICE活动事件。
On a much smaller scale, Living United for Change in Arizona has been training volunteers to become “constitutional defenders” in person, as the group prepares for next week’s vote. To track ICE activity, the group created a heat map that volunteers use to log and track ICE activity. The map is not available publicly, but WIRED was given access to the website and reviewed hundreds of recorded incidents of ICE activity in Maricopa and Pima counties.
各组织也在利用社交媒体引起人们对正在发生之事的关注。上周在加利福尼亚州苏特县，六辆ICE车辆出现在尤巴市选举委员会大楼的停车场，那里设有一个选票投递箱。接到当地居民的电话后，互助组织“北加州抵抗”派出了一名受过培训的志愿者，并在社交媒体上发布了警报。“他们不喜欢关注，[而且]当社区关注度增加时，他们通常会离开，”“北加州抵抗”项目主任吉塞尔·加西亚告诉《连线》。ICE未回应关于该事件的置评请求。
Groups are also using social media to draw attention to what is happening. Last week in Sutter County, California, six ICE vehicles showed up in the parking lot of the Yuba City board of elections building, where a ballot drop box is located. Following a call from a local resident, NorCal Resist, a mutual aid organization, was able to send one of its trained volunteers and post an alert on“They don't like the attention, [and] when there's more community attention, they do often leave,” Giselle Garcia, programs director with NorCal Resist, tells WIRED. ICE did not respond to a request for comment about the incident.
然而，这项工作的大部分是在私下进行的，洛佩斯表示，这是为了保护他们在过去两年里建立的在线基础设施而必要的举措。莱文说，Indivisible的领导团队将在选举日躲在一个不公开地点的Airbnb里，时刻准备在需要的地方调动他们可观的资源。
Much of this work, however, is being done in private, a move Lopez says is necessary to protect the online infrastructure they have put in place over the course of the past two years. Levin said that Indivisible’s leadership team would be hunkered down in an Airbnb in an undisclosed location on Election Day, on alert to deploy their sizable resources wherever they are needed.
尽管少数族裔社区弥漫着对特朗普及其联邦特工下周将采取何种行动的恐惧，但《连线》在最近几周采访的每一位团体负责人、活动人士和志愿者都重复着一个核心信念：他们已做好准备。
Despite the fear that pervades minority communities about what Trump and his federal agents will do next week, every group leader, activist and volunteer WIRED spoke to in recent weeks has repeated one central belief: They are prepared.
“现有的所有传统选举保护基础设施都非常、非常稳健，但同时也存在着这种草根基础设施，”打击威权主义和政治极端主义的组织“核心州”（States at the Core）执行董事吉尔·加维（Jill Garvey）告诉《连线》（WIRED）杂志。“他们完成了所有这些战术记录培训。他们知道如何成为合宪观察员，我非常有信心，一旦我们在投票站看到联邦执法力度增加，这将会被非常、非常迅速地记录下来，并传向全世界，让世人知晓正在发生的事情。”
“You have all this traditional election protection infrastructure that's really, really robust, but then there is this grassroots infrastructure,” Jill Garvey, executive director of States at the Core, which combats authoritarianism and political extremism, tells WIRED. “They've done all this tactical documentation training. They know how to be constitutional observers, and I'm pretty confident that when and if we have an uptick in federal enforcement at the polls, it's going to get documented really, really quickly, and it's going to be beamed out to the world that it's happening.”