
当汽车以每小时 70 英里的速度在高速公路上巡航时,你会觉得看电影舒服吗?
Would you feel comfortable watching a movie while your car cruises down the highway at 70 mph?
通用汽车押注,总有一天你会。这家车企计划在 2028 年推出一项技术,届时驾驶员有望将双手离开方向盘、双眼离开路面。这意味着,当车辆接管驾驶任务时,你可以潜在地回复邮件、观看节目或参加视频会议。
General Motors is betting that someday you will. The automaker plans to introduce technology in 2028 that could let drivers take their hands off the steering wheel and their eyes off the road. That means you could potentially answer emails, watch a show or attend a virtual meeting while your vehicle handles the driving.
预计这项技术将首发搭载于凯迪拉克 Escalade IQ 电动 SUV。不过,在驾驶员能安全地不看路况之前,通用汽车仍有大量工作要证明。公司正在测试当车辆突然需要驾驶员注意时,人们会有何反应。这项研究有助于通用汽车确定驾驶员在安全接管前需要多长的预警时间。
The technology is expected to debut in the Cadillac Escalade IQ electric SUV. However, GM still has plenty to prove before drivers can safely look away from traffic The company is testing how people react when a vehicle suddenly needs their attention. That research could help GM determine how much warning drivers need before safely taking control.
通用汽车已提供 Super Cruise(超级巡航)免持方向盘驾驶系统,该系统可在 Cadillac(凯迪拉克)、Chevrolet(雪佛兰)、GMC 和 Buick(别克)旗下 20 多款车型上使用。在特定条件下,它能在兼容道路上控制转向、加速和制动。然而,驾驶员必须继续注视路面,并随时准备接管。
IKEA TURNS TO DRIVERLESS SEMIS WITH NOBODY IN THE CAB GM already offers Super Cruise, a hands-free driving system available on more than 20 models across Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC and Buick. It can manage steering, acceleration and braking on compatible roads under certain conditions. However, drivers must continue watching the road and remain ready to take control.
Super Cruise 的下一版本将在“离眼”功能激活时,取消这一持续关注要求。通用汽车计划先在兼容高速公路上引入该功能,随后逐步扩展至其他道路。系统将利用激光雷达、毫米波雷达和摄像头监测周围环境。仪表盘和外后视镜上的蓝绿色灯光将指示何时可以使用并已激活“离眼”驾驶。通用汽车表示,该技术最早可能在 2028 年面世。不过,上市时间取决于进一步的开发、安全测试及其他要求。能否使用还将取决于各州法律。
The next version of Super Cruise would remove that constant attention requirement when the eyes-off feature is active. GM plans to introduce it on compatible highways before eventually expanding to other roads. The system will use lidar, radar and cameras to monitor its surroundings. Turquoise lights on the dashboard and exterior mirrors will signal when eyes-off driving is available and active. GM says the technology could arrive as early as 2028. However, the launch depends on further development, safety testing and other requirements. Availability will also depend on state laws.
通用汽车的雄心也在增长。10月21日,该公司宣布计划将高速公路自动驾驶功能引入其全尺寸SUV和轻型皮卡,包括燃油车。这些车型是通用汽车最畅销的产品之一。不过,这家汽车制造商尚未公布该技术何时会应用到这些额外车型上。
GM's ambitions are also growing. On Oct. 21, the company announced plans to bring autonomous highway driving to its full-size SUVs and light-duty pickup trucks, including gas-powered vehicles. Those vehicles represent some of GM's biggest sellers. However, the automaker has not announced when the technology will reach those additional models.
在要求驾驶者将安全托付给车辆之前,通用汽车希望了解当人们不再专注于驾驶时会发生什么。在位于密歇根州沃伦的通用汽车全球技术中心,数百名志愿者坐进了真实的通用汽车车辆,包括凯迪拉克Lyriq。然而,他们并非驶上真实的高速公路,而是进入一个沉浸式模拟器,该模拟器可重现不同的道路状况。研究人员可以引入突发的交通变化、施工区域和危险情况。
Before asking drivers to trust a vehicle with their safety, GM wants to understand what happens when people stop concentrating on driving. At its Global Technical Center in Warren, Michigan, hundreds of volunteers have climbed into real GM vehicles, including the Cadillac Lyriq. However, instead of driving onto an actual highway, they enter an immersive simulator that recreates different road conditions. Researchers can introduce sudden traffic changes, construction zones and hazardous situations.
与此同时,传感器监测驾驶者的眼球运动、心率和应激反应。这些测试帮助通用汽车了解当该技术遇到意外情况时人们会如何反应。通用汽车还在封闭场地和公共道路上由受过训练的安全驾驶员测试其自动驾驶技术。据该公司称,其模拟工具可以在一天内重现相当于100年的驾驶场景。这使工程师有机会研究危险情况,而无需让普通驾驶者暴露于这些风险之中。
Meanwhile, sensors monitor drivers' eye movements, heart rates and stress responses. The tests help GM understand how people behave when the technology encounters something unexpected. GM also tests its automated driving technology on closed courses and public roads with trained safety drivers. According to the company, its simulation tools can reproduce the equivalent of 100 years of driving in a single day. That gives engineers opportunities to study dangerous situations without exposing everyday drivers to those risks.
以下是我在汽车安全研究中没有预料到会看到的事情。通用汽车要求一些参与者在研究人员研究其反应时玩《糖果传奇》。这款游戏制造了一种引人投入的分心。玩家会专注于提高自己的分数,这为研究人员提供了一种方法来测量当他们必须突然将注意力转回驾驶时会发生什么。据美联社报道,通用汽车研发部门高级经理莫琳·奥古斯特解释说,这款游戏帮助研究人员让参与者先投入一项活动,然后再打断他们。
Here's something I didn't expect to see in automotive safety research. GM is asking some participants to play Candy Crush while researchers study their reactions. The game creates an engaging distraction. Players become focused on improving their scores, which gives researchers a way to measure what happens when they must suddenly shift their attention back to driving. According to reporting by The Associated Press, Maureen August, a senior manager at GM Research & Development, explained that the game helps researchers draw participants into an activity before interrupting them.
这种中断尤为重要。请想一想,在你专注于手机之后,需要多长时间才能理解周围发生了什么。现在再想一想,在一辆行驶中的SUV驾驶座上做出这种调整。以每小时70英里(约113公里)的速度行驶时,车辆每秒大约行驶103英尺(约31米)。即使只有五秒钟的延迟,也意味着行驶了500多英尺(约150多米)。在某人弄清楚汽车为什么需要帮助的同时,车辆要行驶很长一段高速公路。
That interruption is especially important. Consider how long it takes to understand what's happening around you after you've been concentrating on your phone. Now consider making that adjustment while sitting behind the wheel of a moving SUV. At 70 mph, a vehicle travels roughly 103 feet every second. Even a five-second delay means it covers more than 500 feet. That's a lot of highway to travel while someone figures out why the car needs help.
这可能是围绕通用汽车计划的最大问题。当自动驾驶车辆遇到无法安全处理的情况时会发生什么?也许有碎片堵塞了高速公路。也许施工期间道路标线消失了。另一名驾驶员的意外操作也可能造成危险情况。
This may be the biggest question surrounding GM's plans. What happens when an automated vehicle encounters a situation it cannot safely handle? Perhaps there's debris blocking the highway. Maybe road markings disappear during construction. An unexpected maneuver by another driver could also create a dangerous situation.

通用汽车的工程师正在研究驾驶员在接管控制权前需要多少预警时间。研究人员还在考察人们是否理解系统的警报,以及是否愿意信任这项技术。然而,一套允许“眼离路”系统的设计必须考虑到某人可能无法立即响应的可能性。这就是为什么车辆处理意外状况的能力,以及在驾驶员接管失败时安全管理的能力变得尤为重要。通用汽车尚未公开详细说明其计划中的系统将处理哪些情况,以及当驾驶员未能接管时系统将如何确切响应。
GM's engineers are studying how much warning drivers need before taking control. Researchers also examine whether people understand the system's alerts and feel comfortable trusting the technology. However, an eyes-off system must be designed around the possibility that someone cannot respond immediately. That's why the vehicle's ability to handle unexpected conditions and safely manage a failed takeover becomes especially important. GM has not yet publicly detailed every situation its planned system will handle or exactly how it will respond when a driver fails to take over.
几家汽车制造商已经提供能减轻高速公路驾驶工作量的系统。然而,它们的能力差异很大。福特的BlueCruise(蓝巡)允许在兼容道路上实现免手驾驶,但驾驶员必须保持注意力。
Several automakers already offer systems that reduce the work involved in highway driving. However, their capabilities vary considerably. Ford's BlueCruise allows hands-free driving on compatible roads, but drivers must continue paying attention.
特斯拉的“完全自动驾驶(受监管)”可以处理许多驾驶任务,尽管它仍然需要人类的主动监督。
Tesla's Full Self-Driving (Supervised) can handle many driving tasks, although it still requires active human supervision.
梅赛德斯-奔驰此前曾推出其 DRIVE PILOT 系统,该系统允许在有限情况下实现有条件的“离眼”驾驶。然而,随着该车企开发其下一代自动驾驶系统,它已在美国收回了该技术。通用汽车的雄心更大,旨在让“离眼”驾驶在兼容道路的更广泛网络上以高速公路车速实现。该公司希望在凯迪拉克 Escalade IQ 之后,将这一能力扩展到更多车型。
Mercedes-Benz previously introduced its DRIVE PILOT system, which allowed conditional eyes-off driving in limited situations. However, the automaker has since pulled back from that technology in the U.S. as it develops its next generation of automated driving systems. GM's larger ambition is to make eyes-off driving available at highway speeds across a broader network of compatible roads. The company hopes to expand the capability to additional models after the Escalade IQ.
推动自动驾驶的背后有经济动因。车企越来越多地通过付费软件订阅提供高级功能。通用汽车已在赠送服务期结束后,对持续使用 Super Cruise 功能收费。根据该公司 2026 年 8 月的更新,配备相关功能的车辆包含三年服务期,之后的方案起价为每月 39.99 美元。
There's a financial incentive behind the push toward automated driving. Automakers increasingly offer advanced features through paid software subscriptions. GM already charges for continued Super Cruise access after the included service period expires. According to the company's August 2026 update, equipped vehicles include three years of service, followed by plans starting at $39.99 per month.
通用汽车尚未公布其未来“离眼”技术的定价。一些行业分析师认为,驾驶员将更愿意为能腾出驾驶时间技术买单。不过,买家面临一个现实问题:如果你已经为一款豪华 SUV 支付了溢价,你还愿意为使用其最先进的驾驶功能每月多花多少钱?
GM has not announced pricing for its future eyes-off technology Some industry analysts believe drivers will be more willing to pay for technology that frees up their time behind the wheel. Still, there's a practical question for buyers. If you're already paying a premium for a luxury SUV, how much more would you be willing to spend each month to use its most advanced driving features?

如果你正在考虑购买配备先进驾驶技术的车辆,请留意制造商实际承诺了什么。当今的“离手”系统通常要求你继续注视路面。通用汽车计划推出的“离眼”功能,仅允许你在系统在兼容条件下正常接管时移开视线。在为该功能付费前,你需要了解它在哪些路段可用,以及车辆如何应对紧急情况。还值得追问:如果系统在你分心时请求你接管,会发生什么?
If you're considering a vehicle with advanced driving technology, pay attention to what the manufacturer actually promises. Today's hands-free systems generally require you to keep watching the road. GM's planned eyes-off feature would allow you to look away only when the system is properly engaged under compatible conditions. Before paying for that capability, you'll want to know where it works and how the vehicle handles emergencies. It's also worth asking what happens if the system requests your attention while you're distracted.
此外,也不要忽视持续的成本。订阅费可能会让一辆车的拥有成本高于其原始购买价格所暗示的水平。请记住,通用汽车计划中的系统仍在开发中。在制造商明确授权在适当条件下进行“离眼”操作之前,请继续注视道路并遵循系统的指示。
Also, don't overlook the ongoing cost. Subscription fees could make a vehicle more expensive to own than its original purchase price suggests. And remember, GM's planned system remains under development. Until a manufacturer explicitly authorizes eyes-off operation under the appropriate conditions, keep watching the road and follow the system's instructions.
我喜欢驾驶压力更小的想法,尤其是在漫长的高速公路路段,你要盯着同样的车流行驶数英里。但交出控制权是一回事,在高速行驶时把视线从路上移开又是另一回事。通用汽车的研究令人鼓舞,因为该公司正在研究人们在分心时的实际行为。尽管如此,我想知道当汽车遇到意料之外的情况时会发生什么。如果车企计划每月向我们收取这项技术的费用,它们最好能证明其安全可靠。我很好奇想试一试,但在安心看电影之前,我需要更多的证据。
I love the idea of a less stressful drive, especially on those long stretches of highway where you're staring at the same traffic for miles. But handing over control is one thing. Taking my eyes off the road while traveling at highway speed is another. GM's research is encouraging because the company is studying how people actually behave when they're distracted. Still, I want to know what happens when the car encounters something it wasn't expecting. And if automakers plan to charge us every month for this technology, they'd better be able to show that it's safe and dependable. I'd be curious to try it, but I'd want a lot more evidence before settling in to watch a movie.
你会足够信任你的车,在它以每小时70英里的速度行驶时看电影吗,还是你永远想留一只眼盯着路面?请写信告诉我们,地址是
Would you trust your car enough to watch a movie while it drives at 70 mph, or would you always want to keep an eye on the road? Let us know by writing to us at