阿里·斯文森 纽约 —— 据信由人工智能制作并与俄罗斯有关联的社交媒体视频，滥用真实人员的姓名和照片，在中期选举投票的最后冲刺阶段，散布关于两位民主党参议员候选人的虚假信息。
ALI SWENSON NEW YORK — Social media videos believed to be produced with artificial intelligence and linked to Russia are misusing real people’s names and photographs to spread disinformation about two Democratic Senate candidates in the final stretch of midterm voting.
其中一名攻击目标是谢罗德·布朗，他正在俄亥俄州与共和党参议员乔恩·休斯特竞争。该视频似乎包含一些人工智能合成内容，呈现为一段新闻播报，并出现了哈亚·阿克比克的照片，后者几年前曾在布朗办公室实习。
One of the targets is Sherrod Brown, who is running against Republican Sen. Jon Husted in Ohio. The video, which appears to include some AI manipulation, depicts a newscast and includes a picture of Haya Akbik, who interned for Brown several years ago.
阿克比克对此感到震惊，她告诉美联社，视频中归因于她的任何说法都是“完全捏造的”。
It was appalling to Akbik, who told The Associated Press that any claims attributed to her in the clip are “completely made up.”
“用的是我的名字，我的声誉，提出这种指控，却完全是假的，”她说。“在这个过程中还损害了这位参议员、另一个人的利益。所以这简直是一团糟。” 这些视频显示，外国对手继续沿用一套熟悉的剧本，试图影响正在决定明年国会由哪党控制的美国选民。有了人工智能这一强大工具，能够制造有时看起来极其逼真的有害虚假信息，这种威胁可能会被放大。
“It’s my name, it’s my reputation, making this allegation, and it’s just completely false,” she said. “And it harms the senator, someone else, in the process. So, it’s just messed up.”The videos demonstrate how foreign adversaries continue to use a familiar playbook to try to influence American voters who are deciding which party controls Congress next year. The threat could be magnified with AI, a powerful tool for fabricating damaging information that can sometimes appear very real.
另一名攻击目标是詹姆斯·塔拉里科，他正在得克萨斯州与共和党人肯·帕克斯顿竞争一个参议员席位。该视频也被认为包含一些人工智能合成内容，呈现为一名前塔拉里科学生的面对镜头自白。
Another target is James Talarico, who is running against Republican Ken Paxton for a Senate seat in Texas. The video, also believed to include some AI manipulation, is framed as a direct-to-camera confessional from a former student of Talarico.
“塔拉里科发言人JT·恩尼斯在一份声明中说：“世界上最有权势的人知道他们无法用真相击败詹姆斯·塔拉里科，所以他们用人工智能深度伪造、境外水军和阴谋论来诽谤他，以维护他们那套破败、腐败的政治体制。”
“The most powerful people in the world know they can’t beat James Talarico with the truth, so they’re slandering him with AI deepfakes, foreign bots, and conspiracy theories to protect their broken, corrupt political system,” Talarico spokesperson JT Ennis said in a statement.
社交媒体公司 X 已删除最初分享这些视频的帖子，并因违反平台规则暂停了相关用户账号。然而，周二网上仍能找到副本 —— 其中一些被转发数百次 —— 这表明，在大选最后几天里，要遏制可能大量扩散的虚假信息有多么困难。
The social media company X has taken down the initial posts that shared the videos and suspended the users for violating the platform’s rules. However, copies could still be found online Tuesday — some with hundreds of shares — demonstrating how difficult it can be to contain disinformation that can proliferate in the final days of an election.
这些视频类似于一个名为 “Storm-1516” 的俄罗斯网络两年前发布的片段，当时该网络针对的是前民主党总统候选人卡马拉·哈里斯及其竞选搭档、明尼苏达州州长蒂姆·沃尔兹。
The videos resemble clips from a Russian network known as Storm-1516 that targeted former Democratic presidential candidate Kamala Harris and her running mate, Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz , two years ago.
克莱姆森大学教授、媒体取证专家达伦·林维尔表示，新视频具有类似特征，极有可能出自同一网络。他发现，分享近期素材的账号此前也曾分享过 Storm-1516 的内容。
The new ones bear similar hallmarks and are likely products of the same network, according to Clemson University professor and media forensics expert Darren Linvill. He found that the accounts that shared recent material had also shared former content from Storm-1516.
俄罗斯驻华盛顿大使馆未立即回应置评请求。过去，该使馆曾否认干涉美国大选。
The Russian Embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to a request for comment. In the past, it has denied interfering in U.S. elections.
美国网络安全和基础设施安全局在以往选举周期中曾公开认定部分视频为俄罗斯虚假信息，该局也未回应置评请求。
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, which has publicly identified some videos as Russian disinformation in past election cycles, also didn’t respond to a request for comment.
研究人工智能深度伪造的达特茅斯学院教授哈尼·法里德表示，他的分析显示，针对布朗和塔拉里科的视频极有可能是利用该技术生成或篡改的。
Hany Farid, a Dartmouth College professor who studies artificial intelligence deepfakes, said his analyses showed that videos targeting Brown and Talarico were likely either generated or manipulated using the technology.
他指出，针对布朗的视频是一个 “技术含量相当低的伪造品”。而针对塔拉里科的另一个视频极有可能由 AI 生成，“且与之前临近选举日发布的虚假信息活动一致”，法里德说。
He noted the video targeting Brown is a “fairly low-tech fake.”The other one, targeting Talarico, is likely generated by AI and “it is consistent with previous disinformation campaigns released close to Election Day,” Farid said.
阿克比克表示，以她为主角的视频凸显了国会监管 “互联网上的 AI 垃圾内容” 的重要性。“这造成的破坏极大，” 她说。
Akbik said the video featuring her shows the importance of Congress regulating “AI slop on the internet.”“This is so damaging,” she said.