委内瑞拉反对派领袖感谢特朗普，但与其保持距离。玛丽亚·科里纳·马查多终于回到加拉加斯，呼吁明年举行选举，并表示她的回归是由她的团队组织的，而非任何政府。
Venezuelan Opposition Leader Thanks Trump but Marks Distance From Him Finally home in Caracas, María Corina Machado called for elections next year, and said her return was organized by her team, not any government.
广受欢迎的委内瑞拉反对派领袖玛丽亚·科里纳·马查多周四在委内瑞拉首都面对记者，感谢特朗普政府推翻了她国家的独裁者——同时也发出独立于华盛顿的信号，并表示她相信选举将在2027年举行。
The popular Venezuelan opposition leader María Corina Machado appeared before reporters in Venezuela’s capital on Thursday and thanked the Trump administration for removing her country’s autocrat — while also signaling independence from Washington and saying she believed an election would take place in 2027.
马查多女士在自称数月来一直被阻止进入该国后，于周日终于回到委内瑞拉，这是她期待已久的回国。美国至少有一次曾劝阻她回国。
Ms. Machado made her long-awaited return to Venezuela on Sunday, after months in which she said she had been blocked from the country. On at least one occasion the United States had discouraged her return.
马查多长期以来是华盛顿建制派的宠儿，她与特朗普政府的关系近几个月来一直紧张。她反对特朗普总统在1月3日派美军前往委内瑞拉抓捕总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗之后让威权政府继续掌权的决定。
The relationship between Ms. Machado, long a darling of the Washington establishment, and the Trump administration had been strained in recent months. She has objected to President Trump’s decision to keep the authoritarian government in power in Venezuela after he sent U.S. forces there on Jan. 3 to seize President Nicolás Maduro.
周四，马查多向特朗普及其国务卿马尔科·卢比奥表示感谢，称“得益于他们的远见、勇气和1月3日的行动，自由之门已在委内瑞拉打开”。
On Thursday, Ms. Machado expressed gratitude to Mr. Trump and his Secretary of State, Marco Rubio, saying that “thanks to their vision, their courage, and their action on Jan. 3, the door to freedom has been opened” in Venezuela.
“我回到委内瑞拉，是为了完成一项任务并履行一项使命。”她说，并补充说，她相信华盛顿在该国的渐进变革计划将促成明年举行投票。
“I have returned to Venezuela to complete a task and fulfill a mandate,” she said, adding that she believed Washington’s gradual plan for change in the country would bring about a vote next year.
“国务卿马尔科·卢比奥已经概述了一系列旨在迈向民主过渡的事件，并明确表明总统选举将于2027年举行。”但马查多还加强了对一名商人的批评，这名商人已成为特朗普政府在该国最重要的商业伙伴——亚历杭德罗·贝当古。她说，贝当古与美国之间的一项重大石油交易缺乏委内瑞拉人民所期望的透明度。
“Secretary of State Marco Rubio has outlined a series of events aimed at moving toward a democratic transition making it clear that presidential elections will be held in 2027.”But Ms. Machado also doubled down on her criticism of a businessman who has become the Trump administration’s top business partner in the country, Alejandro Betancourt, saying that a significant oil deal between Mr. Betancourt and the U.S. lacked the transparency the Venezuelan people want.
“正是这个人，”她在谈到贝坦库尔特先生时说，他“因涉及全球多个国家的案件和极其严重的犯罪而受到调查”。贝坦库尔特先生从未被指控犯罪。
“This person in particular,” she said of Mr. Betancourt, has been “investigated in connection with cases and very serious crimes in various countries around the world.”Mr. Betancourt has never been charged with a crime.
针对马查多女士的声明，贝坦库尔特公司的一位发言人表示：“我们期待向公众分享我们在现有协议下、依据所有适用法律开展的工作”，并补充称公司已履行所有过去的合同，“从未有过任何违规指控”。
Responding to Ms. Machado’s statements, a spokesman for Mr. Betancourt’s company said: “We look forward to sharing more with the public about the work we are doing under existing agreements, made under all applicable laws,” adding that the company had delivered on all past contracts and “has never once been charged with any violation.”
在一条短信中，贝坦库尔特补充说，他公司的“主要重点是扩大产量，为委内瑞拉石油行业增加就业，并深化美委关系”。马查多女士的言论可能加剧与美国官员的紧张关系，并体现她在取悦华盛顿与迎合普通委内瑞拉民众之间试图取得的平衡——后者已表现出对变革的渴望。
In a text message, Mr. Betancourt added that his company’s “main focus is on growing production, adding jobs to the Venezuelan oil industry and growing the US-Venezuelan ties.”Ms. Machado’s statements could aggravate tensions with U.S. officials and reflect the balance she is trying to strike between pleasing Washington and appealing to everyday Venezuelans, who have demonstrated a desire for change.
鲁比奥先生在周一接受《纽约时报》采访时被问及马查多女士对贝坦库尔特的批评时表示，他对她的发声“没有意见”。
Mr. Rubio, asked on Monday about Ms. Machado’s criticism of Mr. Betancourt in an interview with The New York Times, said that he was “fine” with her speaking out.
“我们认为这是一笔非常非常稳固的交易，”他说。“她不必同意或喜欢它，但我认为这与选举和民主的问题是分开的”。马查多女士在过去三年里领导委内瑞拉反对派，并组织了在2024年选举中推翻马杜罗先生的运动。但据独立观察员称，政权操纵投票并伪造结果，窃取了本应由反对派赢得的选举。马杜罗先生继续执政。
“We feel it’s a very, very solid deal,” he said. “She doesn’t have to agree with it or like it, but I think that’s separate from the issue of having an election and a democracy.”Ms. Machado has led Venezuela’s opposition for the last three years, and organized the campaign to oust Mr. Maduro in the 2024 election. But the regime manipulated the vote and falsified the results, according to independent observers, stealing an election won by the opposition. Mr. Maduro stayed in power.
在美军抓获他并将其送往美国面临刑事指控后，特朗普政府任命他的副总统德尔西·罗德里格斯为该国领袖。此后，特朗普赞扬罗德里格斯女士，她已作出特朗普要求的让步，包括美国控制委内瑞拉大量石油产出。
After American forces captured him and took him to the United States to face criminal charges, the Trump administration installed his vice president, Delcy Rodríguez, as the country’s leader. Since then, Mr. Trump has lauded Ms. Rodríguez, who has made concessions he demanded, including U.S. control of a large share of Venezuela’s oil output.
马查多去年年底离开该国前往领取诺贝尔和平奖。近几个月来，她一直被一些她拒绝点名的势力阻止进入委内瑞拉。据两名政府官员称，周日她经由邻国哥伦比亚进入委内瑞拉。
Ms. Machado left the country late last year to receive the Nobel Peace Prize. In recent months she has been blocked from entering Venezuela by forces she has declined to name. On Sunday she entered Venezuela through neighboring Colombia, according to two government officials.
周四，曾任议员的马查多表示，她返回委内瑞拉“完全是自主行动，由我们的团队组织”，而非由政府安排。她拒绝透露更多细节。
On Thursday Ms. Machado, a former legislator, said that her return to Venezuela “was something strictly autonomous, organized by our teams,” and not by governments. She declined to share more details.
她与媒体的对话在加拉加斯安德烈斯·贝略天主教大学的一个礼堂举行。外面，数百名支持者聚集迎接她，高唱国歌，高举手机。
Her conversation with the press was held in an auditorium at the Andrés Bello Catholic University in Caracas. Outside, hundreds of supporters gathered to greet her, singing the national anthem, cellphones held aloft.
马查多公开露面并呼吁更换政府，这在仅仅两年前是不可想象的。当时她在国内藏匿行踪，执政党正对其支持者进行打压，这是该党执政二十多年来最具压制性的行动之一。
Ms. Machado’s appearance in public, calling for a change of government, would have been unthinkable just two years ago. She was living in hiding inside the country and the ruling party was lashing out at her supporters in one of the most repressive campaigns in its more than two decades in power.
美国移除马杜罗并对其财政和政治对话进行监督，为该国异见打开了空间，尽管距离自由仍相去甚远——仍有300多名政治犯被关押，压制性法律依然有效。
The U.S. removal of Mr. Maduro and its oversight of finances and political dialogue have opened space in the country for dissent, though it is still far from free, with more than 300 political prisoners behind bars and repressive laws on the books.
罗德里格斯正试图向委内瑞拉人民推销自己的主张，如果举行总统选举，民众可能将她选下台。作为这个专制政府的长期领导人，她一直试图向特朗普政府和她的人民把自己包装成变革推动者。
Ms. Rodríguez is trying to make her own pitch to the Venezuelan people, who could vote her out if there is a presidential election. A longtime leader in the autocratic government, she has tried to sell herself to the Trump administration and her people as a change agent.
就在马查多发表讲话前不久，罗德里格斯通过国家电视台向委内瑞拉公众发表讲话。她身穿一套白色西装，与马查多周四所穿的那套几乎一模一样。罗德里格斯承诺举行“选举，使其成为解决方案，而不是无法调和冲突的根源”。她列出了一系列正在推进的改革，包括提议从一项禁止仇恨言论的法律中取消监禁刑罚——该法律一直被用来惩罚政府批评者。（人权组织表示，该法律应被彻底废除。）这位临时总统还表示，她已指示安全部队停止在没有逮捕令的情况下拘留他人。
Just before Ms. Machado’s speech, Ms. Rodríguez addressed the Venezuelan public on state television. Wearing a white suit almost identical to the one worn by Ms. Machado on Thursday, Ms. Rodríguez promised to hold “elections that serve as a solution rather than a source of irreconcilable conflicts.”She laid out a list of changes in the works, including a proposal to remove prison as a penalty from a law that prohibits hate speech, which has been used to punish government critics. (Human rights groups have said the law should be abolished altogether). The interim president added that she had instructed security forces to stop detaining people without warrants.
“负责任的政治实践对所有人都有保障，”她说。“我们的大门是敞开的。和平抗议是一项宪法权利。”总统选举很可能会让这两位女性正面交锋——如果现任政府解除对马查多参政的禁令的话——而周四的场面就像是潜在选举辩论的预演。根据彭博社最近的一项民调，马查多的受欢迎程度远远更高。
“The responsible practice of politics is guaranteed for everyone,” she said. “Our doors are open. Peaceful protest is a constitutional right.”A presidential vote would likely pit the two women against each other — if the current government lifts a ban on Ms. Machado’s participation in politics — and Thursday played out like a preview of a potential electoral debate. Ms. Machado is vastly more popular, according to a recent Bloomberg poll.
美国在该国的影响力之一，是推动罗德里格斯政府与反对派另一翼之间展开对话。虽然该对话旨在为选举设定框架，包括遴选新的选举官员，但马查多并未参与其中。
Among the influences the United States has had in the country is the imposition of a dialogue between Ms. Rodríguez’s government and another wing of the opposition. While the dialogue is aimed at setting a framework for elections, including the selection of new election officials, Ms. Machado is not a participant.
这位反对派领导人表示，是美国选择不将她纳入其中，而国务院则表示她的政党已受邀参加。
The opposition leader has said the United States chose not to include her, while the State Department has said her party was invited to the table.
周四，马查多重申：“我们不参与这一轮圆桌对话。然而——正如我们此前所说——我们不仅没有从中作梗，反而非常希望它取得成功并实现其目标。”朱莉·图尔克维茨是《纽约时报》安第斯分社社长，常驻哥伦比亚波哥大，报道哥伦比亚、委内瑞拉、玻利维亚、厄瓜多尔和秘鲁。
On Thursday, Ms. Machado reiterated: “We are not participating in this round table. However — as we stated previously — not only are we not standing in the way, but we are very keen for it to succeed and fulfill its objectives.”Julie Turkewitz is the Andes Bureau Chief for The Times, based in Bogotá, Colombia, covering Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru.