随着加拿大准备在未来几年向国防投入数十亿加元，一位北约高级官员建议该联盟的军队在计划中纳入人工智能瞄准、先进无人机等尖端技术的组合。
As Canada prepares to invest billions into national defence in the coming years, a senior NATO official is advising the alliance’s militaries to include a mix of cutting-edge technology like AI targeting and advanced drones into their plans.
北约盟军转型司令皮埃尔·万迪耶上将周五在拉脱维亚里加接受环球新闻采访时表示，问题不在于用无人机取代“一切”，而在于引入无人机和其他无人系统，以保护并增强现有军事能力。
Speaking to Global News from Riga, Latvia, on Friday, Adm. Pierre Vandier said that it’s not a question of replacing “everything” with drones — but rather incorporating drones and other unmanned systems to protect and enhance existing military capabilities.
“一个不具备防御无人机和无人机蜂群能力的部队，就是一个处于风险中的部队，”万迪耶在采访中说。
“A force that is not protected against drones and (drone) swarms is a force at risk,” Vandier, NATO’s Supreme Allied Commander Transformation, said in an interview.
万迪耶是在观摩了拉脱维亚的北约演习后发表上述言论的。演习结合了电子战、无人机以及“地面部队”，模拟跨境入侵场景。
Vandier was speaking after observing NATO exercises in Latvia that included a mix of electronic warfare and drones along with “boots on the ground” to simulate a cross-border invasion.
驻扎在拉脱维亚的联盟部队，包括作为“重保行动”一部分驻扎在该国的约3000名加拿大武装部队人员，都高度关注俄罗斯对乌克兰的全面入侵。
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine is top of mind for the alliance forces stationed in Latvia, including the roughly 3,000 Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) personnel stationed in the country as part of Operation Reassurance.
这场冲突见证了无人机在战争中使用的巨大发展，包括限制坦克和地面部队等更传统军事资产的效能。
That conflict has seen dramatic developments in the use of drones in warfare, including to limit the effectiveness of more traditional military assets — such as tanks and ground forces.
但万迪耶表示，通过北约演习吸取的教训之一是，无人机战争并未让那些传统军事系统过时——相反，无人机和电子战战术，若与其他军事能力形成“良好组合”，能使部队更有效。
But Vandier said that one of the lessons learned through the NATO exercises is that drone warfare doesn’t make those traditional military systems obsolete — but rather that drones and electronic warfare tactics, including in a “good mix” of other military capabilities, can make a force more effective.
万迪耶说：“我们展示了……如果配以新技术的良好组合，我们可以延伸现有能力的杀伤力并延伸其生存力。”
“What we demonstrated was we can extend lethality and extend survivability of existing capabilities … if we bring them with a good mix of new technology,” Vandier said.
获取每日国家新闻 范迪耶以攻击直升机为例。这位法国海军上将表示，随着无人机和反无人机防御系统的使用，该武器系统能够执行“以前不可能完成的任务”。“机器人带来的是一种风险管理系统，你可以打开战术选项组合……并更好地利用现有资源，”范迪耶说。
Get daily National news Vandier gave the example of an attack helicopter. With the use of both drones and anti-drone defences, the French admiral said that weapons system can execute missions “that were impossible before.”“What robots are bringing is a risk management system, where you can open the tactical portfolio … and have better use of what you have,” Vandier said.
自2022年以来，北约一直在与拉脱维亚国防部开展演习，在“类实战条件”下测试电子战、无人机和人工智能技术。这些被称为“数字骨干实验”（DIBaX）的演习，包括国防公司和学者的参与，旨在在真实环境中测试尖端技术。
Since 2022, NATO has been running exercises with the Latvian Ministry of Defence to test electronic warfare, drone and AI technologies in “field-like conditions.”The exercises, known as the Digital Backbone eXperimentation (DIBaX), include the participation of defence companies and academics to test cutting-edge technology in a realistic setting.
据一名北约官员透露，今年的演习包括无人机蜂群测试、无人机对无人机作战和跨境渗透测试，以及旨在干扰或以其他方式使敌方无人机失效的电子战战术。
According to a NATO official, this year’s exercise included testing of drone swarms, drone-to-drone combat and a cross-border incursion, along with electronic warfare tactics meant to jam or otherwise disable enemy drones.
这些是加拿大武装部队多年来一直在思考的主题，包括为驻扎在拉脱维亚的人员部署反无人机防御系统。
These are themes that the CAF has been thinking about for years, including deploying anti-drone defences for personnel stationed in Latvia.
今年早些时候，国防部启动了“国防无人机计划”（DDI），旨在为加拿大武装部队和加拿大海岸警卫队提供新的无人机技术，并推动国内产业发展。
Earlier this year, the Department of National Defence launched the Defence Drone Initiative (DDI), an effort to both provide the CAF and the Canadian Coast Guard with new drone technology and to boost the domestic industry.
政府在7月表示：“近期冲突凸显了无人机技术改变现代战争的速度有多快，且已成为现代军事行动的核心……成功越来越取决于创新、适应并以速度部署新能力的能力。”
“Recent conflicts have underscored how rapidly drone technologies are transforming modern warfare and are central to modern military operations … Success increasingly depends on the ability to innovate, adapt and field new capabilities at speed,” the government said in July.
“加拿大必须准备好做到这一点。” 随着总理马克·卡尼承诺向国防投资数十亿新增资金，加拿大今年终于达到将国内生产总值（GDP）的2%用于国防开支的北约目标，推动加拿大无人机能力发展的努力也随之而来。
“Canada must be prepared to do the same.”The push to develop Canada’s drone capabilities also comes as Prime Minister Mark Carney has promised to invest billions of new money into national defence, with Canada finally meeting its NATO target of spending two per cent of GDP on the defence this year.
卡尼政府目前鲜有披露其打算如何实现到2035年将国防开支提高至国内生产总值（GDP）5%的目标。议会预算办公室（Parliamentary Budget Office）近期的一项分析表明，要达到这一目标，需要将“核心”国防开支从2030年的957亿加元增加到2035-36财年的1637亿加元。
The Carney government has released few details, however, about how it intends to reach the target of spending five per cent of GDP on defence by 2035. A recent analysis by the Parliamentary Budget Office suggested reaching that target would require “core” defence spending to increase from $95.7 billion in 2030 to $163.7 billion in 2035-36.
关于自由党打算如何做到这一点的更多细节，预计将在财政部长弗朗索瓦-菲利普·香槟（Francois-Philippe Champagne）的2026-27财年预算案中公布，该预算案定于下周四提交。
More details on how the Liberals intend to do that are expected in Finance Minister Francois-Philippe Champagne’s 2026-27 budget, scheduled to be tabled next Thursday.