联合国，10月30日电——俄罗斯和美国周五在安理会互相否决了对方关于西撒哈拉的决议草案，因摩洛哥自治计划产生争端，导致联合国驻当地维和任务在授权到期前一天仍未获续期。
UNITED NATIONS, Oct 30 - Russia and the United States vetoed each other's Western Sahara resolutions at the Security Council on Friday in a dispute over Morocco's autonomy plan that leaves the UN peacekeeping mission there without a renewal a day before its mandate expires.
两次否决意味着安理会未能续期一项以往每年例行延长的任务。这也阻止了美国推动比去年安理会认可摩洛哥自治计划更进一步的举措。乐施会警告称，失去该任务可能使平民面临风险。
The two vetoes mean the Security Council has not renewed a mission it has extended routinely each year. They also block a US push to go further than last year's council endorsement of Morocco's autonomy plan. Oxfam warned that losing the mission could put civilians at risk.
美国起草的决议草案本将把摩洛哥自治计划确立为解决这一持续半个世纪冲突的谈判唯一基础，并缩减当地维和任务的军事组成部分。
The US-drafted resolution would have cemented Morocco's autonomy plan as the only basis for talks to settle the half-century-old conflict and scaled back the military component of the peacekeeping mission there.
此次表决前，大国之间就该任务年度续期问题发生了一场不同寻常的对峙，而在安理会这长期被视为程序性常规事项。
The votes followed an unusual showdown among major powers over the mission's annual renewal, long considered procedurally routine at the Security Council.
“波利萨里奥阵线”是一个总部设在邻国阿尔及利亚的武装团体，自前殖民宗主国西班牙1976年撤出该领土以来，一直寻求在摩洛哥控制的西撒哈拉建立独立国家。
Polisario, an armed group based in neighbouring Algeria, has sought an independent state in Morocco-controlled Western Sahara since former colonial power Spain withdrew from the territory in 1976.
摩洛哥声称对该领土拥有历史权利，称其为“南部省份”，并在那里大量投资基础设施和公共服务。
Morocco says it has historical rights to the territory, which it calls its "southern provinces", and where it has invested heavily in infrastructure and public services.
去年，安理会支持摩洛哥自治提议作为解决冲突的基础，并要求联合国秘书长古特雷斯提交维和任务评估报告，这给“波利萨里奥阵线”的雄心造成打击。
Last year, the Security Council dealt a blow to Polisario's ambitions when it backed Morocco's autonomy proposal as a basis for resolving the conflict and asked UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres to submit a review of the peacekeeping mission.
未获通过的美国决议草案本将把任务授权再延长一年，并将从任务名称中删除“公投”字样，将其更名为“联合国西撒哈拉特派团”（MINUSO）。
The failed US resolution, which would have extended the mission's mandate for another year, would have removed a reference to a referendum from the mission's name, renaming it the United Nations Mission in Western Sahara, or MINUSO.
在对美方草案投票后，美国大使迈克尔·沃尔茨表示，由于长期以来在选民资格问题上存在分歧，公投从未举行过。“联合国官员已经告诉我们这一现实30年了，”他说。
Following the vote on the US draft, US Ambassador Michael Waltz said a referendum had never taken place because of longstanding disagreements over voter eligibility. "UN officials have been telling us this reality for 30 years," he said.
“遗憾的是，安理会一些成员利用否决权，为了在任务名称中保留‘R’字——即‘公投’一词，即使联合国几十年来一直未在筹备举行此类投票，”他补充道。
"Unfortunately, some members of this Council have used their veto to preserve the letter 'R' for referendum in the mission's name, even though the United Nations has not been preparing to hold such a vote for decades," he added.
法国、英国、另外两个安理会常任理事国，支持美国的决议草案和摩洛哥的自治方案。
France, the UK, the two other permanent Security Council members, backed the US resolution and Morocco's autonomy plan.
任务面临风险 “我们强调，安理会不能自动预判与主权有关的事项，”俄罗斯常驻联合国代表瓦西里·涅边齐亚说。
MISSION AT RISK "We stress the fact that the Security Council cannot automatically pre-determine matters relating to sovereignty,” Russia's UN envoy Vassily Nebenzia said.
“安理会绝不能为这种单方面的做法背书，因此我们被迫阻止了该草案的通过，”他说。
“The security council must not give a blessing to such a one sided approach therefore we were compelled to block the adoption of the draft," he said.
随后，美国否决了一份俄罗斯起草的决议草案，该草案本将在不作任何修改的情况下将任务授权再延长一年。有11个成员国投了反对票。“这是对该任务的政治谋杀，”涅边齐亚说。
The United States then vetoed a Russian-drafted resolution that would have extended the mission's mandate for another year without changes. Eleven members voted against it. “The political murder of the mission,” Nebenzia said.
根据联合国秘书长的一份报告，该任务拥有155名军事人员，负责作为联合国斡旋停火协议一部分组织公投，在今年6月开始的财政年度中，预算将达6200万美元。
With 155 military personnel, the mission, tasked with organizing a referendum as part of a UN-brokered ceasefire, is set to cost $62 million in the fiscal year that started in June this year, according to a UN Secretary General report.
“失去西撒特派团的监测和降级职能，有破坏安全与稳定的风险，将给平民和和平解决前景带来严重后果，”乐施会针对该表决结果表示。
"The loss of MINURSO’s monitoring and de-escalation functions risks undermining security and stability, with serious consequences to civilians and prospects of a peaceful resolution," Oxfam said in reaction to the vote.
虽然大多数撒哈拉人生活在摩洛哥统治的西撒哈拉，但据估计仍有数万人生活在阿尔及利亚由“波利萨里奥阵线”管理的难民营中。
While most Sahrawis live in Morocco-ruled Western Sahara, tens of thousands are estimated to be living in Polisario-run refugee camps in Algeria.
被否决的美国决议草案本将敦促联合国难民机构对难民营内的难民进行人口普查。
The vetoed US-resolution would have urged the UN refugee agency to conduct a census of the refugees in the camps.