随着政治危机持续恶化,波兰总理唐纳德·图斯克誓言将继续推进对最高法院的改革,并指责反对派煽动暴力、企图破坏法治。
Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk vowed to press on with changes at the top court and accused the opposition of stirring up violence in an attempt to destroy the rule of law as the political crisis continued to spiral.
图斯克周六在电视讲话中表示,现行格式的宪法法庭并不独立,其政府修复该法庭的尝试遭到了法律与公正党和总统卡罗尔·纳夫罗茨基的蓄意破坏。
Tusk said in a TV address on Saturday that the Constitutional Tribunal in its current format isn’t independent and his government’s attempts to fix it have been sabotaged by the Law & Justice party and President Karol Nawrocki.
他在防暴警察被部署在法院门前数小时后发表了这一讲话,当时该法院的两名高级法官已被停职。纳夫罗茨基在飞往塞内加尔的途中折返飞机,于周六返回华沙与各议会党团进行磋商,图斯克领导的执政联盟公民联盟没有出席此次磋商。
He spoke hours after riot police were deployed in front of the court, and two of its top judges were suspended. Nawrocki turned back his plane en route to Senegal and returned to Warsaw to hold consultations with parliamentary parties on Saturday, which Tusk’s ruling Civic Coalition didn’t attend.“We have waited too long to be intimidated and to back down now,” Tusk said.
图斯克说:“我们等得太久了,绝不能现在被吓倒并退缩。我坚信,宪法法庭将开始正常运作——独立、自主,并符合宪法。”
“I’m confident that the Constitutional Tribunal will begin to function as it ought to — independently, autonomously, and in accordance with the Constitution.”
围绕波兰最高法院的这场争夺战,让这位亲欧盟的资深总理与民族主义反对派对立起来,后者在执政的八年里向法庭安插了政治任命人员。欧盟最高法院在2021年裁定,该法庭在裁决中不具备独立性和公正性。图斯克在赢得2023年议会选举时承诺恢复法治,但迄今为止未能兑现大部分承诺,其立法议程一再遭到反对派支持的纳夫罗茨基的否决。
The battle over Poland’s top court has pitted the pro-European Union veteran prime minister against the nationalist opposition, which stacked the tribunal with political appointees during its eight years in power. The EU’s top court ruled in 2021 that the tribunal wasn’t independent and impartial in its rulings. Tusk pledged to restore the rule of law when he won the 2023 parliamentary elections, but has so far failed to deliver on most of the promises with his legislative agenda repeatedly vetoed by the opposition-backed Nawrocki.
面对明年晚些时候的又一次选举以及极右翼支持率的上升,这位总理发出信号,称他已经失去了耐心。
Facing another vote late next year and rising support for the far right, the prime minister signaled he has lost his patience.“On certain matters, there can be no compromise,” Tusk said.
图斯克说:“在某些问题上,绝不能妥协。叫喊、谎言和斗殴不能、也绝不能成为波兰法律的来源。”
“Shouting, lies, and brawling cannot — and will not — serve as a source of law in Poland.”
这场冲突最终的结局将对欧盟其他地区产生影响,因为随着极右翼政党势力不断增强,西班牙和法国等国家将在未来几个月面临大选。图斯克一直力图将波兰留在欧盟的主流之中,并监管着正处于跻身全球前二十大经济体边缘的经济。纳夫罗茨基曾是一名拳击手,也是一名相对的政治新手,他得到了美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的支持。
How the conflict eventually shakes out will matter for the rest of the EU as countries including Spain and France are facing general elections in the coming months with far-right parties gaining strength. Tusk has sought to keep Poland in the bloc’s mainstream and has overseen the economy that’s on the cusp of becoming one of the 20 biggest in the world. Nawrocki, a former boxer and relative political novice, has the backing of US President Donald Trump.
社交媒体上发布的画面显示,总统于周六午夜刚过后不久抵达法院,并强行闯入大楼,越过了试图阻挠其进入的一群法官。图斯克表示,法官们受到了攻击。
Footage published on social media showed the president arriving at the court early Saturday, just after midnight, and forced his way into the building past a group of judges who tried to bar his entry.
图斯克说:“在一个法治国家,政治人物不能进入法院或法庭发号施令或恐吓法官——即使该政治人物是总统也不行。”他补充说:“强权和粗鲁并不能决定谁是对的。”
Tusk said the judges were attacked.“In a state governed by the rule of law, a politician cannot enter a court or tribunal to issue orders or intimidate judges — not even if that politician is the president,” Tusk said, adding “might and boorishness do not determine who is right.”
纳夫罗茨基的外交政策顾问马尔钦·普日达奇称图斯克的演讲是“对抗性的”,并表示这只会“加剧社会紧张局势。这反映了总理的恐惧,因为他知道自己未来将因违法而面临什么后果,”他告诉彭博社。
Nawrocki’s foreign policy aide, Marcin Przydacz, called Tusk’s speech “confrontational” and said it will only serve to “sharpen social tensions. It reflects the prime minister’s fear, as he knows what consequences he will face in the future for breaking the law,” he told Bloomberg.
由于持续的争端,最高法院已经陷入瘫痪。尽管议会已填补了大多数法官的空缺,但法庭负责人博格丹·希维奇科夫斯基不予承认,总统也拒绝接受他们的宣誓。与此同时,政府拒绝公布法院的裁决。
The top court has been paralyzed by the ongoing disputes. While parliament has filled vacancies for most of the judges, tribunal chief Bogdan Swieczkowski won’t recognize them and the president has refused to accept their oaths of office. Meanwhile, the government doesn’t publish the court’s rulings.
在纳夫罗茨基与各党派进行磋商后,总统和最大反对党领袖雅罗斯瓦夫·卡钦斯基均未发表讲话。四党执政联盟中一个小党派的领导人、国防部长瓦迪斯瓦夫·科西尼亚克-卡梅什表示,国家需要“一次宪法重置”。
Neither the president nor the leader of the biggest opposition party, Jaroslaw Kaczynski, spoke after Nawrocki’s consultations with parties. Defense Minister Wladyslaw Kosiniak Kamysz, who heads a junior party in the four-way ruling coalition, said the country needed “a constitutional reset.”
他在谈到这一点时说:“在当前形势下,这是逐步恢复宪法法庭周边正常状态的唯一机会。”
“In the current situation, this is the only chance to gradually restore normalcy surrounding the Constitutional Tribunal,” he said on