内政大臣马哈茂德将阐述针对合法移民定居规则的变更内政大臣将于稍后公布修订后的提案，改变移民申请永久居留的时间。
Shabana Mahmood to set out changes to settlement rules for legal migrants The home secretary will lay out a revised proposal for changing when migrants can claim permanent residency later.
理查德·惠勒、奥利维亚·爱尔兰报道 内政大臣沙巴娜·马哈茂德将于周一宣布她对移民规则变更的最终决定。
By Richard Wheeler, Olivia Ireland Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood will announce her final decision on changes to immigration rules on Monday.
马哈茂德提议将永久定居的等待期从目前的五年延长至十年，部分低薪移民面临长达十五年的等待，这是针对一段高净移民时期作出的回应。
Mahmood proposed extending the wait for permanent settlement from the current five years to 10, with some lower-paid migrants facing a 15-year wait, in response to a period of high net migration.
但她因提议将这些变更适用于已在英国的移民工人而面临批评，住房大臣安吉拉·雷纳表示，这将“改变比赛规则”。
But she faced criticism for proposing to apply the changes to migrant workers already in the UK, with Housing Secretary Angela Rayner saying this would "change the goalposts".
英国广播公司（BBC）了解到，提案可能会针对目前大多数在社会护理领域工作的人员进行修订。保守党称，马哈茂德已“向雷纳投降，放弃了对移民政策的控制权”。许多低薪社会护理工人原本面临长达十五年而非五年的等待。预计内政大臣将在下议院向议员发表声明，宣布她的最终决定。
The BBC understands the proposals are likely to be revised for most of those currently working in social care. The Conservatives said Mahmood had "capitulated control of immigration policy" to Rayner. Many lower-paid social care workers were facing a wait of up to 15 years rather than five. The home secretary is expected to announce her final decision in a statement to MPs in the House of Commons.
无限期居留许可（ILR），也称为定居，赋予一个人在英国无限期居住、工作和学习的权利，并在符合条件时申请福利。他们也可以凭此申请英国国籍。
Indefinite leave to remain (ILR), also known as settlement, gives a person the right to live, work and study in the UK for as long as they like and apply for benefits if they are eligible. They can also use it to apply for British citizenship.
马哈茂德宣布推迟定居计划，是为了回应对符合资格人数激增的担忧，此前在前保守党政府执政下，脱欧后的净移民数字创下纪录。
Mahmood announced plans to delay settlements in response to concerns over the number of people approaching eligibility, in the wake of record post-Brexit net migration figures under the previous Conservative government.
内政部表示，其数据显示，净移民——即入境人数与离境人数之差——在2021年至2024年间使英国人口增加了260万人。
The Home Office has said its figures show net migration - the difference between those entering and leaving the country - added 2.6m people to the UK population between 2021 and 2024.
该部门预测，因此在2026年至2030年间，可能有约160万人获得定居资格。
The department forecast around 1.6m people could therefore settle between 2026 and 2030.
针对马哈茂德提案的咨询共收到超过20万份回复，该咨询是在前首相基尔·斯塔默爵士任内启动的。
More than 200,000 responses were submitted to the consultation on Mahmood's proposals, which were launched under former Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer.
多名工党议员对提案对已在英国生活的移民的影响表示担忧，将这种追溯既往的做法称为“不符合英国传统”。
Several Labour MPs raised concerns about the impact of the proposals on migrants already living here, describing the retrospective approach as "un-British".
他们还警告称，这可能会加剧英国的技能短缺，尤其是在护理行业。
They also warned it could worsen the UK's skills shortage, particularly in the care sector.
首相安迪·伯纳姆上周表示，定居是“应当通过努力获得的权利，而非自动授予的权利”。马哈茂德辩称，改革是为了避免“耗尽我们的公共财政”。
Prime Minister Andy Burnham said last week that settlement is a "right to be earned, not just granted automatically". Mahmood has argued reforms are required to avoid a "drain on our public finances".
在咨询文件的前言中，马哈茂德表示，进入英国的门槛被“大幅降低”，这一点在“健康和护理签证”上“表现得最为明显”。
In her foreword to the consultation, Mahmood said the bar to entry to the UK was "lowered significantly" and this was "most evident in the health and care visa".
她写道：“为填补6000至4万个职位空缺，2022年至2024年间却有61.6万人抵达英国。
She wrote: "An attempt to fill between 6,000 and 40,000 jobs saw the arrival of 616,000 individuals from 2022 to 2024.
“其中超过一半甚至不是来从事该行业工作，而是作为从业者的家属随行抵达。”内政部测算表明，2026年至2030年间可能有19.6万名护理工作者及其成年家属获得定居身份，预计将给纳税人带来95亿英镑的终身成本。
"Over half were not even arriving to work in that sector but were instead dependants of those who were." Home Office calculations suggested 196,000 care workers and their adult dependants could settle between 2026 and 2030, at an estimated lifetime cost of £9.5bn to taxpayers.
周一，公共政策研究所（IPPR）智库表示，根据现行规则有望在英国定居的技术工人及其家属，预计将通过缴纳税款做出约1150亿英镑的终身净贡献。
On Monday, the Institute for Public Policy Research (IPPR) think tank said that skilled workers and their dependants due to settle in the UK under current rules are expected to make a net lifetime contribution of around £115bn through the taxes they pay.
前内政部部长迈克·塔普在BBC广播四台《今日》节目中表示：“我非常希望那些真正在医疗和社会护理领域工作满五年的人，能豁免于那项追溯性延长定居申请所需居住时间的规定之外。”
Former Home Office Minister Mike Tapp told BBC Radio 4's Today programme: "I very much hope that those who are genuinely working in health and social care for five years are exempt from that retrospective extension to the time they need to be here before they apply for settlement.
“我们家里或朋友中都认识有人曾由这些人照料，所以这才是正确的做法。”6月，马哈茂德曾要求斯塔尔爵士解雇塔普，因为后者撰写了一篇未经授权的文章，主张外籍护理工人应豁免于ILR（无限期居留）政策的变更。
"We've all known someone in our family or friends who has been cared for by these people, so that would be the right thing to do." In June, Mahmood had asked Sir Keir to sack Tapp after he wrote an unauthorised article arguing that foreign care workers should be exempt from the changes to ILR.
牛津大学移民观察站高级研究员本·布林德尔博士表示，“从更宏观的层面来看，[该政策]可能不会对人们来英国的决定产生太大影响”。
Dr Ben Brindle, a senior researcher at the University of Oxford's Migration Observatory, said that "at the broader level [the policy] probably won't have too much impact" on people's decision to come to the UK.
他对《今日》节目表示：“移民政策更多地充当了一种障碍，而非其他什么。”
"Immigration policy acts as more of a barrier than anything," he told Today.
保守党影子内阁内政大臣克里斯·菲尔普说：“根据马哈茂德本人今年3月在一次演讲中的承认，仅让低薪护理工人永久留下来，将耗费纳税人100亿英镑，且是一种‘冒犯’。”
Conservative shadow home secretary Chris Philp said: "By Mahmood's own admission in a speech this March, letting low wage care workers alone stay forever will cost taxpayers £10bn and be an 'affront'.
“现在看起来她似乎即将正是这么做。”与此同时，英国改革党内政事务发言人齐亚·优素福表示，马哈茂德已被伯纳姆“推翻”，这“是英国的灾难”。他补充说，改革党将彻底废除ILR。
"Now she looks likes she's about to do exactly that." Meanwhile, Reform UK home affairs spokesman Zia Yusuf said Mahmood had been "overruled" by Burnham, which was "a disaster for Britain". He added that Reform would abolish ILR altogether.
