OpenAI首席全球事务官克里斯·莱汉表示，人工智能将成为2028年美国总统选举的头号议题。他的备忘录题为《2028：人工智能选举》，列出了他认为候选人必须回答的五个问题，以构建人工智能议程。
AI will be the number-one issue of the 2028 US presidential election, says Chris Lehane, OpenAI’s chief global affairs officer. His memo, titled “2028: The AI Election”, sets out five questions he says candidates must answer to build an AI agenda.
《政客》杂志周一刊登了克里斯·莱汉备忘录的全文，时间是美国中期选举前一天。
Politico published the Chris Lehane memo in full on Monday, a day before the US midterm elections.
莱汉在文中写道，2028年与1932年有相似之处，1932年是上一次在如此大规模的变革中举行的和平时期总统选举。富兰克林·罗斯福赢得了那次选举，他的新政重新构想了社会契约。
Lehane writes that 2028 has echoes of 1932, the last peacetime presidential race held during a change on this scale. Franklin D. Roosevelt won it, and his New Deal reimagined the social contract.
莱汉写道，提出一个“有说服力的第三条道路”的候选人将有机会定义新的契约。这条道路介于那些主张让人工智能“无限速发展”的人和那些主张将技术控制权“掌握在自封精英手中”的人之间。
A candidate who sets out a “compelling third path” will have a chance to define a new contract, Lehane writes. That path runs between those who would let AI advance “without speed limits” and those who would keep control over the technology “in the hands of a self-appointed elite”.
数据中心警示 备忘录称，截至10月初，五分之一的民主党候选人或团体的广告提到了数据中心。备忘录称，10月批评数据中心的民主党广告中，绝大多数在少数几个州播出，主要是密歇根州、俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州和德克萨斯州，这些州正在规划和建设数据中心。
The data centre warning By early October, one in five ads by Democratic candidates or groups mentioned data centres, according to the memo. Of the Democratic ads that criticised data centres in October, the vast majority ran in a handful of states, the memo says. They were mainly Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Texas, where the sites are being planned and built.
莱汉写道，在2028年初的一次民主党活动中，候选人可能会被要求举手支持数据中心暂停令。他补充说，六个月后，美国可能因缺乏算力而失去对中国的人工智能领先地位。
At an early 2028 Democratic event, Lehane writes, candidates could be asked to raise their hands to back a moratorium on data centres. Six months later, the US could lose its AI lead to China for lack of computing power, he adds.
莱汉写道：“这很可能是2028年版的2002年投票支持入侵伊拉克的决议。”
“This could well be the 2028 version of the 2002 vote to go to war in Iraq,” Lehane wrote.
他还写道，OpenAI的分析人士发现了可能的中国共产党影响力行动。根据备忘录，他们发布社交媒体评论和图片，声称人工智能建设正在推高家庭电费。
He also writes that OpenAI’s analysts found likely Chinese Communist Party influence operations in the US. They posted social media comments and images claiming that AI buildouts were raising household electricity bills, according to the memo.
民调与五个问题 该备忘录引用了莱汉表示自己见过或亲自主持的民调。在其自身的民调中，选民更倾向于支持在制定人工智能政策方面领导本党的候选人，而非追随本党的候选人，领先25个百分点。约66%的人支持继续发展人工智能，其中包括53%希望加强保障措施的人，而24%的人赞成暂停发展。
Polls and five questions The memo cites polling that Lehane says he has seen or run himself. In his own polling, voters prefer a candidate who leads their party in shaping AI policy over one who follows it, by 25 points. Some 66% support continued AI development, including 53% who want stronger safeguards, while 24% favour a pause.
这五个问题涉及安全与人类控制、税收、儿童与就业、可负担性，以及与中国的竞争。关于安全，莱汉写道，“人工智能是机器，而非人”。他呼吁制定可强制执行的安全标准、独立评估，以及在需要时限制或关闭系统的权力。
The five questions cover safety and human control, taxes, children and jobs, affordability, and the race with China. On safety, Lehane writes that “AI is a machine, not a person”. He calls for enforceable safety standards, independent assessments and the power to restrict or shut down systems when needed.
关于就业，他写道，OpenAI在俄亥俄州派凯顿的计算园区 alone 将需要25,000名熟练技工。
On jobs, he writes that OpenAI’s compute campus in Piketon, Ohio alone will need 25,000 skilled tradespeople.
中期选举后的推动 OpenAI将在周二投票后立即发起一项政策推动，吉姆·范德海和迈克·艾伦周日为Axios报道。这将从11月9日开始的国会“跛脚鸭”会期开始。
A push after the midterms OpenAI will launch a policy push right after Tuesday’s vote, Jim VandeHei and Mike Allen reported for Axios on Sunday. It starts in the lame-duck session of Congress, which opens on 9 November.
OpenAI将公布针对最强大人工智能系统的强制性保障措施的新构想，Axios报道称其称之为“限速”。去年9月，OpenAI曾要求国会制定全国性安全规则。它还将为新数据中心提供社区协议，并提出州法律，让居民对选址建设发表意见。
OpenAI will unveil new ideas for mandatory safeguards on the most powerful AI systems, which it calls “speed limits”, Axios reported. In September, OpenAI asked Congress for national safety rules. It will also offer community deals for new data centres. And it will propose state laws that give residents a say in how the sites get built.
“你将看到我们越来越多地谈论‘限速’这一概念，”莱汉告诉Axios。
“You’re going to see us talk more and more about the concept of speed limits,” Lehane told Axios.
OpenAI还希望将其数据中心称为“计算园区”。一位发言人向《商业内幕》确认了这一新名称。
OpenAI also wants its data centres called “compute campuses”. A spokesperson confirmed the new name to Business Insider.
“计算园区更能准确描述我们为人工智能建设的基础设施的规模和作用，”该发言人表示。
“Compute campuses better describes the scale and role of the infrastructure we’re building for AI,” the spokesperson said.
上周，TNW报道称，爱荷华州和俄亥俄州的选民支持人工智能安全措施，而非赢得人工智能竞赛。莱汉的备忘录本身也表示，在2026年的竞选活动中，“几乎没有空间去‘支持’人工智能基础设施”。
Last week, TNW reported that voters in Iowa and Ohio back AI safety measures over winning the AI race. Lehane’s memo itself says there was “little room to be ‘for’ AI infrastructure” in the 2026 campaigns.
据Semafor的Ashley Gold报道，为应对中期选举，OpenAI和Anthropic各自将设立“战争室”，负责确保两家公司平台上的选举信息准确无误。这是两家公司首次采取此举。
For the midterms, OpenAI and Anthropic will each run a “war room”, Ashley Gold reported for Semafor. Their job is to keep election information on the two companies’ platforms accurate. It is a first for both.