美国制造业活动在十月因国内需求强劲而回升，工厂出厂价通胀依然居高不下。
US manufacturing activity picked up in October amid solid domestic demand, keeping inflation at the factory gate elevated.
供应管理协会周一表示，其制造业采购经理人指数（PMI）上月升至55.5，此前九月为54.5。路透社调查的经济学家此前预测，PMI将维持在54.5。今年以来，PMI一直保持在50的荣枯线之上，表明制造业处于增长状态，制造业约占经济的9.4%。
The Institute for Supply Management said on Monday its manufacturing PMI increased to 55.5 last month from 54.5 in September. Economists polled by Reuters had forecast the PMI would stay at 54.5. The PMI has stayed above the 50 threshold this year, indicating growth in manufacturing, which accounts for about 9.4% of the economy.
活动受到强劲的消费者支出和企业在人工智能领域的支出推动。政府上周报告称，第三季度国内需求增速超过五年来最快。整体经济上季度以3.4%的年化率增长，此前四月至六月期间以2.2%的速度扩张，尽管持续的美以伊战争正在助推通胀。
Activity is being driven by robust consumer spending and business spending in AI. The government reported last week that domestic demand surged at its strongest pace in more than five years in the third quarter. The overall economy grew at a 3.4% annualized rate last quarter after expanding at a 2.2% pace in the April-June period, even as the ongoing US-Israeli war with Iran is stoking inflation.
ISM调查的新订单指数从九月的55.3小幅上升至55.5，出口也有所增加。工厂库存也有所增加。政府的初步GDP报告显示，企业库存上季度反弹，此前已连续五个季度下降。
The ISM survey's new orders measure edged up to 55.5 from 55.3 in September, with exports also rising. Factory inventories also increased. The government's advance GDP report showed business inventories rebounded last quarter after being drawn down for five straight quarters.
然而，供应商正努力应对强劲需求。该调查的供应商交付指数从九月的59.0小幅上升至59.1。读数高于50表示交付速度放缓。这意味着工厂继续为投入品支付更多费用。
Suppliers are, however, struggling to cope with the strong demand. The survey's supplier deliveries index inched up to 59.1 from 59.0 in September. A reading above 50 indicates slower deliveries. That meant factories continued to pay more for inputs.
该调查的投入品价格支付指数从九月的77.9降至仍高企的75.2，支持经济学家的观点，即通胀将继续高于美联储2%的目标，直至2027年。经济学家此前预测，价格支付指数将降至77.5。政府上周报告称，个人消费支出价格指数九月同比飙升3.6%。这是美国央行用于货币政策的通胀指标之一。
The survey's gauge of prices paid for inputs eased to a still-high 75.2 from 77.9 in September, supporting economists' views that inflation will continue to run above the Federal Reserve's 2% target into 2027. Economists had forecast the prices paid index would ease to 77.5. The government last week reported that the Personal Consumption Expenditures price index shot up 3.6% year-on-year in September. It is one of the inflation measures monitored by the US central bank for monetary policy.
美联储上周三将基准隔夜利率维持在3.75%至4.00%的区间，同时承认通胀“依然居高不下”。经济学家预计，美联储将在12月提高借贷成本。
The Fed last Wednesday left its benchmark overnight interest rate in the 3.75%-4.00% range while acknowledging that inflation "remains elevated." Economists expect the central bank to raise borrowing costs in December.
上个月制造业就业继续增长，但增速较9月略有放缓。制造业就业指数从9月的52.7小幅下降至52.4，略高于经济学家预期的52.0。
Factory employment continued to grow last month, though the pace slowed a bit from September. A measure of factory employment edged down to 52.4 from 52.7 in September, slightly above economists' forecast of 52.0.