据乌克兰一位高级分析师称，俄罗斯正在部署更多拖车安装式干扰机，旨在阻止乌克兰攻击无人机连接SpaceX的卫星。乌克兰总统无人机顾问谢尔盖·“闪电”·别斯克列斯特诺夫表示，每台干扰机可提供点防御，覆盖约25平方公里（约9.6平方英里）。别斯克列斯特诺夫周一在其Telegram频道上写道：“俄罗斯已用这种电子战装备覆盖了克里米亚几乎所有重要地点，并正日益沿前线部署。”
Russia is rolling out more trailer-mounted jammers designed to prevent Ukraine's attack drones from connecting to SpaceX's satellites, according to a top Ukrainian analyst. Each jammer can provide point defense covering about 25 square kilometers, or about 9.6 square miles, said Serhii "Flash" Beskrestnov, a Ukrainian presidential advisor on drones. "Russia has covered nearly all important sites in Crimea with this type of EW and is increasingly deploying it along the front line," Beskrestnov wrote on Monday on his Telegram channel.
他说，克里姆林宫部署这些系统是为了应对乌克兰在俄控领土上使用“星链”。乌克兰部队依赖SpaceX服务的军用版本“星盾”执行打击和深度侦察任务。“星盾”以及机载人工智能，对帮助乌克兰控制中程攻击无人机、接收飞越俄军防线后方的侦察无人机传回的情报至关重要。别斯克列斯特诺夫建议乌克兰无人机飞手留意卡车或拖车停车场，称其为俄罗斯隐藏干扰机的“理想场所”。
He said the Kremlin was deploying the systems to counter Ukraine's use of Starlink over Russian-held territory. Ukraine's forces rely on the military version of the SpaceX service, Starshield, for strike and deep-recon missions. Starshield, as well as onboard artificial intelligence, has been crucial to helping Ukraine control mid-range attack drones and receive intel from recon drones flying behind Russian lines. Beskrestnov advised Ukrainian drone pilots to look out for truck or trailer parking lots as an "ideal place" for Russia to conceal its jammers.
他写道：“几十辆卡车中，可能有三到六辆安装了该系统。也要留意挂在轿车后的小拖车。”别斯克列斯特诺夫补充说：“该系统甚至可由发电机供电”，乌克兰无人机小组可寻找聚碳酸酯板、塑料薄膜或温室大棚，这些都可能用于遮掩干扰机。据美国陆军公开数据库ODIN显示，该系统名为“沃尔纳·库波尔·加兰特”，其目标指向卫星而非无人机或地面终端。
"Of dozens of trucks, three to six may have the system installed. Also watch for small trailers attached to passenger cars," he wrote. "The complex can even operate from generators," Beskrestnov added, saying that Ukrainian drone teams could look for polycarbonate panels, plastic sheeting, or greenhouses that can obscure the jammer. The system mentioned is the Volna Kupol Garant, which targets the satellite instead of the drone or ground terminal.
它利用抛物面天线向个别低轨卫星发射强大无线电干扰，旨在形成一个局部气泡区域，使“星链”等卫星链路在卫星掠过头顶时难以工作或失效。
It uses dish antennas to beam powerful radio interference at individual low-Earth-orbit satellites, aiming to create a local bubble in which satellite links such as Starlink struggle or fail to work as they pass overhead, per ODIN, the US Army's public database.
乌克兰报告称，俄罗斯于2024年在哈尔科夫首次使用该系统，但自今年初以来，部署数量大幅增加，因为“星盾”系统日益允许乌克兰利用无人机打击俄罗斯控制领土深处的目标。8月，俄罗斯国家媒体塔斯社报道，“沃尔纳·库波尔·加兰特”系统已开始批量生产，以制造更多反制设备。一套干扰系统通常由六辆拖车组成，每辆拖车装有两根天线。
Ukraine reported Russia's first use of the system in Kharkiv in 2024, but it's been deployed in greater numbers since the start of this year, as Starshield has increasingly allowed Ukraine to strike deeper into Russian-held territory with drones. In August, the Russian state media outlet TASS reported that serial production of the Volna Kupol Garant was underway to build more countermeasures. One jammer system typically consists of six trailers, each with two antennas.
乌克兰部队此前在攻击干扰站点时上传的无人机画面显示，这些拖车整齐地排成两排。但别斯克列斯特诺夫周一表示，俄罗斯最近开发出了每辆拖车仅使用一根天线的版本，并正在学习将它们分散部署和隐蔽。尽管如此，分析人士认为，一套干扰系统一次只能针对一颗低地球轨道卫星。开源追踪数据显示，由美国拥有和运营的“星盾”系统使用的卫星星座至少有240颗。
Ukrainian forces attacking jamming sites previously uploaded drone footage showing these trailers sitting neatly in two rows. But Beskrestnov said on Monday that Russia had recently developed versions that use only one antenna per trailer and was learning to spread them out and conceal them. Still, analysts believe one jamming system can target only a single low Earth orbit satellite at a time. Open-source trackers estimate that Starshield, which is owned and operated by the US, uses a constellation of at least 240 satellites.