巴西参议院周二批准一项立法，加强政府打击犯罪集团的权力，这是连任总统路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦的又一胜利。卢拉一直将这些变革宣传为解决该国最大问题之一的关键。
MAURICIO SAVARESE, ELÉONORE HUGHES SAO PAULO — Brazil’s Senate approved on Tuesday legislation that strengthens the government’s power to fight criminal gangs, in another win for reelected President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who has touted the changes as key to tackle one of his nation’s biggest problems.
这项宪法修正案将于本周晚些时候签署，将设立公共安全部，改变巴西安全部门的协调方式，并拨出更多资源，用于打击总部位于圣保罗的首都第一指令（PCC）和里约热内卢的红色指令（CV）。
The constitutional amendment, which will be sanctioned later this week, creates a public security ministry, changes the coordination of Brazil’s security agencies, and allocates more resources to fight Sao Paulo-based First Command of the Capital, or PCC, and Rio de Janeiro’s Red Command, or CV.
6月，美国国务院将这两个组织列为外国恐怖组织。卢拉将此举解读为干涉，并认为美国总统唐纳德·特朗普试图为卢拉的竞争对手、参议员弗拉维奥·博尔索纳罗争取支持。弗拉维奥是前总统雅伊尔·博尔索纳罗的儿子。
In June, the U.S. State Department designated both groups as foreign terrorist organizations , a move that Lula interpreted as interference and an attempt by U.S. President Donald Trump to shore up support for Lula’s election rival, Sen. Flávio Bolsonaro, son of former President Jair Bolsonaro.
该修正案已于3月获得巴西众议院批准，经过两轮投票，无一反对票通过。博尔索纳罗的任期将于1月底结束，他远程投票。
The amendment, which was approved by Brazil’s lower house in March, passed in two rounds of voting with no opposition. Bolsonaro, whose term expires at the end of January, voted remotely.
对帮派头目和成员的更严厉惩罚将包括强制关押在最高安全级别监狱、限制假释以及资产没收。
Stricter penalties for gang leaders and members would include mandatory imprisonment in a maximum-security prison, curbs on parole and asset seizures.
巴西参议员从修正案中删除了将巴西刑事责任年龄从目前的18岁降至16岁的提议。许多安全专家表示，降低刑事责任年龄效率低下，可能会增加巴西拥挤监狱中有组织犯罪的招募人数。
Brazilian senators removed from the amendment an attempt to reduce Brazil’s criminal age to 16 from the current 18. Many security experts say lowering the age of criminal responsibility is inefficient and could increase recruitment into organized crime within Brazil’s overcrowded prisons.
犯罪是巴西人最关心的问题，也是上个月总统选举的关键议题。近年来，贩毒帮派扩大了其存在，如今控制着亚马逊雨林的大片区域，而准军事性民兵组织则在里约和其他州巩固了其权力。
Crime is a top concern for Brazilians and was a key issue in the presidential election last month. Drug-trafficking gangs have expanded their presence in recent years and now control large swathes of the Amazon rainforest, while paramilitary-type militias have entrenched their power in Rio and other states.
竞选期间，博索纳罗承诺推动立法，将巴西主要犯罪组织首都第一指挥部（PCC）和红色指挥部（CV）定性为恐怖组织。休斯从里约热内卢报道。
During the campaign, Bolsonaro promised to push for legislation characterizing Brazil ‘s main crime groups the First Command of the Capital, or PCC, and the Red Command, or CV, as terrorist organizations. Hughes reported from Rio de Janeiro.