
在美国政坛,即使是总统权力也有其极限。而现在,政治引力定律似乎正在追上唐纳德·特朗普对行政权力的极度激进行使。
In American politics, even presidential power has its limits. And now, the laws of political gravity may be catching up with Donald Trump's hyper-aggressive exercise of executive authority.
政治学家伊恩·布雷默将其描述为半个多世纪以来执政党遭遇的最具影响力的选举逆转,欧亚集团和GZERO Media的创始人兼首席执行官认为,美国已进入一个新的政治阶段:特朗普在国内外主导政治议程能力的终结之始。
Following what political scientist Ian Bremmer describes as the most consequential electoral reversal for a governing party in more than half a century, the founder and CEO of Eurasia Group and GZERO Media argues that the United States has entered a new political phase: the beginning of the end of Trump's ability to dominate the political agenda, at home and abroad.
在与弗朗索瓦·皮卡德进行的广泛聚光灯访谈中,布雷默重述了他关于美国已达到“特朗普顶峰”的挑衅性论点。这并非暗示总统已变得无能为力。相反,布雷默认为,他的政治权威日益受到一个愈发嚣张的国会反对派、日益增长的共和党不满、不受欢迎的经济和外交政策决定,以及世界领导人逐渐意识到特朗普总统任期时日不多的制约。
Joining François Picard for a wide-ranging Spotlight interview, Bremmer revisits his provocative thesis that America has already reached "peak Trump." This is not to suggest that the president has become powerless. Rather, Bremmer argues that his political authority is increasingly constrained by an emboldened congressional opposition, growing Republican discontent, unpopular economic and foreign policy decisions, and a dawning realization among world leaders that the clock is ticking on the Trump presidency.
在布雷默的叙述中,这一逆转是非凡的:“特朗普在2024年为自己制造了美国政治史上最大的政治反弹。而现在,仅仅两年后,却是50年来最大的失利。”他论点的核心在于总统正式权力与有效行使这些权力所需的政治影响力之间的根本区别。特朗普仍然是总司令,掌控着行政政府机器,并继续主导媒体格局。然而,布雷默认为,总统将这些优势转化为持久政治胜利和有意义政策成果的能力正在迅速削弱。
The reversal, in Bremmer's account, is extraordinary: "Trump back in 2024 engineered for himself the biggest political comeback in American political history. And now, only two years later, the biggest loss in 50 years." At the heart of his argument lies a fundamental distinction between the formal powers of the presidency and the political influence required to wield them effectively. Trump remains commander-in-chief, commands the machinery of executive government and continues to dominate the media landscape. Yet Bremmer contends that the president's capacity to turn those advantages into lasting political victories and meaningful policy outcomes is rapidly diminishing.
后果远远超出华盛顿。从伊朗战争和乌克兰未解冲突,到承受非同寻常压力的跨大西洋关系,美国的盟友和对手都开始重新调整战略算计,着眼于现任政府之后的政治版图。正如布雷默所言:“这些外国领导人将开始更多地与他们预期在特朗普离任后将不得不打交道的美国接触。” 在国内,布雷默指出,日益加剧的经济幻灭感、竞选承诺被视为遭到背弃,以及让人联想到美国“镀金时代”的腐败和利益输送指控。
The consequences extend far beyond Washington. From the war in Iran and the unresolved conflict in Ukraine to transatlantic relations under extraordinary strain, America's allies and adversaries alike are beginning to recalibrate their strategic calculations, looking beyond the present administration toward the political landscape that will follow. As Bremmer puts it: "Those foreign leaders will start to engage more with the America that they expect to deal with after Trump is gone." At home, Bremmer points to mounting economic disillusionment, the perceived betrayal of campaign promises, and allegations of corruption and self-dealing reminiscent of America's Gilded Age.
这些力量合在一起,威胁要侵蚀将特朗普送回白宫的选举联盟。与此同时,总统似乎专注于纪念碑、个人项目和自己的历史遗产,这引发了一个更深层的问题:权力的表演何时开始动摇治理的实质?
Together, these forces threaten to erode the electoral coalition that returned Trump to the White House. Meanwhile, the president's apparent preoccupation with monuments, personal projects and his own legacy raises a deeper question: At what point does the spectacle of power begin to undermine the substance of governance?
布雷默还质疑总统是否有能力承担这一职位持续不断的苛刻要求,形容特朗普越来越分心,不再聚焦于最重要的议题。他的评价直截了当:“他在关注那些并不真正重要的事情。最终这将削弱他的权力,削弱他的颠覆能力。是的,还有两年时间。但他的全球颠覆程度远不及本届任期伊始。” 更大的问题关乎美国民主和国际秩序,具有深远意义:一位总统能否在保留世界上最具影响力政治职位的强大宪法权力的同时,逐步失去行使这些权力所需的政治影响力?
Bremmer also questions the president's capacity to sustain the relentless demands of the office, describing Trump as increasingly distracted and less focused on the issues that matter most. His assessment is stark: "He's focusing on things that don't really matter. And ultimately that's going to weaken his power and weaken his disruptive capacity. Yes, two more years to go. But nowhere near the level of disruption that he had on the global stage at the beginning of this term." The larger question is one of profound significance for American democracy and the international order: Can a president retain the formidable constitutional powers of the world's most consequential political office while progressively losing the political influence needed to exercise them?
唐纳德·特朗普以极致的表述构建了自己的政治形象,从让他重返白宫的非凡逆转,到重塑全球秩序的雄心壮志。但如果布雷默的判断准确,这位曾显得能将政治现实随心所欲扭曲的总统,如今可能正面对一个无法扭曲的现实:他自身权力的界限。
Donald Trump has built his political identity on superlatives, from the extraordinary comeback that returned him to the White House to his ambitions to reshape the global order. But if Bremmer's diagnosis is correct, the president who once appeared capable of bending political reality to his will may now be confronting a reality he cannot bend: the limits of his own power.
总统任期尚余两年。布雷默认为,“特朗普巅峰时代”或许已经结束。
The presidency still has two years to run. The era of peak Trump, Bremmer argues, may already be over.