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特朗普的整套权力理论已崩塌Trump’s Whole Theory of Power is in Ruins

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2026年10月23日,在华盛顿白宫南草坪,总统唐纳德·特朗普在登上“海军陆战队一号”时向一名美国海军陆战队员敬礼。President Donald Trump salutes a U.S. Marine as he boards Marine One on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, on Oct. 23, 2026.

今早你听到的那种呼啸、汩汩的声音,是唐纳德·特朗普总统的白宫正在流失权力。

That whooshing, gurgling sound you hear this morning is the power draining out of President Donald Trump’s White House.

2026年的选举结果是一场本世纪未曾见过的选举羞辱。对任何一位总统来说,这都会是灾难性的。对特朗普来说,情况更糟。

The 2026 election results are an electoral humiliation unseen this century. They would be calamitous for any president. They are even worse for Trump.

特朗普是美国历史上一个独特的人物,一位准强人式领导人,他那套独特的总统权力品牌根本无法与他所在政党昨晚遭遇的那种惨败共存。

Trump is a singular figure in American history, a quasi-strongman leader whose particular brand of presidential power simply cannot coexist with the kind of rout his party faced last night.

他的根本权力理论已经崩塌。他总统职位的存续,如今取决于他能否以从未有过的方式适应被削弱的处境。

His fundamental theory of power is in ruins. The survival of his presidency now depends on him adapting to diminished circumstances in a way he has never done before.

特朗普的根本问题在于,他最钟爱的执政工具是恐惧。他的第二个任期是一场长达22个月的演练:先展示自己不可侵犯、冷酷无情,然后让有权势的人物和机构——甚至外国——面临一个选择。要么按照特朗普的条件与他和平共处,要么准备好承受后果。

The essential problem for Trump is that his favorite instrument of governing is fear. His second term has been a 22-month exercise in projecting invulnerability and ruthlessness, then presenting powerful people and institutions – even foreign countries – with a choice. Either live peacefully with Trump on his terms or prepare to suffer the consequences.

这一命题被强加给世界上最大的公司、美国最富有的大学和最古老的盟友,而它往往对特朗普有利。面对一位从政治流放中重新掌权、承诺复仇、并挥舞着比以往任何时候都更多美国人投票支持他的总统,如此多的企业高管、外交官、将军和总理选择了屈服。

This proposition, imposed on the world’s largest companies and America’s wealthiest universities and oldest allies, has worked in Trump’s favor more often than not. Faced with a president returned to power from political exile, promising vengeance and brandishing the support of more Americans than had ever voted for him before, so many executives and diplomats and generals and prime ministers chose to submit.

这一直是特朗普时代这一篇章中精英政治的标志性动态。特朗普正是借此从外国和科技巨头那里榨取了巨额投资承诺,遏制了企业对其议程的批评,并筹集资金建造新的白宫宴会厅,促使北约秘书长称他为“爸爸”,还在他的就职典礼上聚集了一群强颜欢笑的亿万富翁。而现在,这一切结束了。

This has been the defining dynamic of elite politics in this chapter of the Age of Trump. That is how Trump has wrangled lavish investment pledges out of foreign nations and tech giants, deterred corporate criticism of his agenda and raised money to fund a new White House ballroom, inspired the NATO secretary-general to call him “daddy” and assembled a gallery of rictus-faced billionaires at his inauguration. And that’s over now.

共和党败选的广度和深度,已经撕碎了任何强人都需要的不可战胜光环:那就是无论对手做什么,无论法院怎么说,到头来他仍会在那里,国家机器掌控在手中,他会记住朋友和敌人的名字。

The breadth and depth of Republican defeats have shredded the aura of invincibility that any strongman needs: the sense that no matter what his adversaries do and no matter what the courts say, at the end of the day he will still be there, with the apparatus of the state in his grasp, and he will remember the names of his friends and his enemies.

随着特朗普的政治联盟支离破碎,民主党甚至在得克萨斯州、堪萨斯州和南卡罗来纳州也势头正盛,特朗普看起来不再那么稳固了。与这一转变相比,失去众议院和参议院几乎成了次要的事。

With his political coalition in tatters and Democrats on the march even in Texas and Kansas and South Carolina, Trump doesn’t look so permanent anymore. Compared to that shift, losing the House and Senate is almost incidental.

特朗普仍在外交政策、国家安全和联邦执法方面拥有广泛的权力。与美国总统——即使是一位非常不受欢迎的总统——发生冲突绝非小事。他的行政命令仍可能颠覆企业和机构,即使法院最终将它们推翻。新一届国会基本无法约束特朗普发动战争,无论是在伊朗、格陵兰还是其他任何地方。

Trump still possesses expansive authority over foreign policy, national security and federal law enforcement. Clashing with the American president, even a very unpopular one, is no small thing. His executive decrees can still upend businesses and agencies, even if courts ultimately strike them down. The new Congress cannot do much to constrain Trump from making war, in Iran or Greenland or anywhere else.

然而,对于华盛顿乃至更远地方的领导人来说,与特朗普打交道的风险算计现在已经不同了。特朗普所有诱惑和威胁的“保质期”比以往任何时候都更加凸显,而按照特朗普的规则行事的弊端也已清晰地暴露在眼前。

Yet for leaders in Washington and far beyond, the risk calculus involved in dealing with Trump is different now. The expiration date on all of Trump’s inducements and threats looms larger than ever, and the down side of playing by Trump’s rules has come sharply into focus.

一位承受白宫压力的首席执行官或大学校长必须重新思考:是违逆总统风险更大,还是招致民主党控制的国会——或许还有2029年下届总统的司法部——的审视风险更大?

A CEO or college president sweating pressure from the White House must ask anew whether it is riskier to cross the president or invite the scrutiny of the Democratic Congress – and perhaps the next president’s Justice Department in 2029.

一位被特朗普施压要求在贸易协议中让步的外国领导人,现在必须思考:是与特朗普保持友好更重要,还是站在那些拒绝其保护主义政策的美国人一边更重要。

A foreign leader pushed by Trump to make concessions in a trade deal must now ponder whether it is more important to stay friendly with Trump or to stay on the right side of Americans who have rejected his protectionist policies.

甚至在中期选举之前,加拿大总理马克·卡尼就告诉我的同事尼克·泰勒-维西和佐娅·谢夫塔洛维奇,他宁愿等一位新总统,也不愿与特朗普达成不利的贸易协议。上周五,特朗普威胁要惩罚加拿大和欧盟,因为双方建立了更紧密的伙伴关系,卡尼对此不以为然。“那样只会走向疯狂,”卡尼对政客新闻网说。卡尼的同僚们如今只能越发觉得这一逻辑令人信服。

Even before the midterm elections, Prime Minister Mark Carney of Canada told my colleagues Nick Taylor-Vaisey and Zoya Sheftalovich that he’d rather wait for a new president than strike an unfavorable trade deal with Trump. Last Friday, he shrugged off Trump’s threats to punish Canada and the European Union for forging a tighter partnership. “That way lies madness,” Carney told POLITICO. Carney’s peers can only find that logic more convincing today.

那么如今谁看起来更明智呢?是那些在特朗普就职典礼上笑容满面并出资赞助其舞会的首席执行官们,还是摩根大通的杰米·戴蒙?戴蒙在整整一年前就对CNN表示,他会避开那些可能被视作“买人情”的捐款。

And who looks wiser today, the parade of CEOs who beamed at Trump’s swearing-in and helped fund his ballroom, or JPMorgan’s Jamie Dimon, who told CNN a full year ago he was steering clear of donations that could look like “buying favors”?

戴蒙当时说,他的公司不得不考虑“下一届司法部将如何处理这件事”。

His company, Dimon said then, had to consider “how the next DOJ is going to deal with it.”

特朗普此前也经历过失败。2018年,他失去了众议院的控制权;两年后,他又失去了总统职位和参议院。然而,在此前的历次选举中,特朗普对MAGA基本盘和乡村美国的掌控都未曾受到质疑。到目前为止,还没有一场选举迫使他改变自己的基本政治策略。

Trump has endured defeats before. In 2018 he lost control of the House and two years later lost the presidency and the Senate. Yet in no election before this one has Trump’s hold on the MAGA base and rural America been in question. No election so far has forced him to change his basic approach to politics.

特朗普现在已80岁,任期过半,是否尝试其他做法,决定权在他手中。

It is up to Trump to decide if he’ll try something else, at age 80 and midway through his final term.

他现在正面临一个可怕的选择:要么正视周三早上的政治现实,要么失去总统任期中剩余的一切。

He is now the one confronting a fearful choice: reckon with Wednesday morning’s political reality or lose what remains of his presidency.

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