白领咨询工作与人工智能实施相关，正成为美国就业增长的新驱动力，与蓝领建筑和制造业数据中心建设相关的工作一起，共同推动就业增长。
White-collar consulting jobs tied to AI implementation may be joining blue-collar construction and manufacturing jobs tied to the data center buildout as a driver of US employment growth.
管理和科技咨询公司于10月增加了17,300个就业岗位，为近两年来的最高增幅。这一增幅几乎与非住宅建筑、专业承包商和计算机及电子产品制造业合计新增17,500个就业岗位相当。
Management, scientific and technical consulting services firms added 17,300 workers to payrolls in October, the most in almost two years, according to Bureau of Labor Statistics data published Friday. The increase almost matched that across the nonresidential building construction, specialty trade contractors and computer and electronic product manufacturing industries, which added a combined 17,500 jobs last month.
这些数字表明，人工智能对就业的推动力正从商品生产行业向高价值服务业扩散，尽管使用人工智能最多的部分行业的就业趋势仍然低迷。这有助于支撑一个更广泛的就业增长基础——近年来，美国劳动力市场的招聘范围已越来越窄。
The numbers offer an early sign that the tailwind to hiring from artificial intelligence is beginning to spread from goods-producing industries to high-value services, even as employment trends in some of the sectors using AI the most remain subdued. That could help support a somewhat broader base for job growth in a labor market where hiring had become increasingly narrow in recent years.
高盛集团首席经济学家Jan Hatzius率领的一组经济学家周五在发布报告后撰写的一份备忘录中写道：“虽然我们认为许多专业服务领域的职业最终面临被人工智能替代的高风险，但我们最近注意到，该领域的活动已接近产能上限——也许部分原因是该领域的公司帮助企业管理向人工智能的过渡。”
“While we have argued that many occupations in the professional services sector are ultimately at higher risk of displacement from AI, we recently noted that activity there is running closer to capacity — perhaps in part because firms in this sector are helping companies manage the transition to AI,” economists at Goldman Sachs Group Inc. led by Jan Hatzius wrote Friday in a note following the release.
10月美国经济新增165,000个就业岗位，超过所有预测。专业和商业服务领域（包括咨询）是此次增长的主要驱动力。
Friday’s employment report showed the US economy added 165,000 jobs in October, topping all forecasts. The professional and business services sector, which includes consulting, was the biggest driver of the increase.
全球咨询公司埃森哲（Accenture Plc）上月表示，在客户日益寻求实施人工智能技术的需求推动下，公司员工人数增加了5%，即使人工智能也在使自身的工作更加高效。
Global consulting giant Accenture Plc said last month it had boosted headcount by 5% amid growing demand from clients seeking to implement AI technologies, even as AI was making its own work more efficient.
“我们在新领域的需求非常大，”埃森哲董事长兼首席执行官朱莉·斯威特在公司10月1日的财报电话会议上表示。“我们仍然相信，AI相关的机会大于AI在我们业务中带来的效率影响。”
“We’re experiencing a lot of demand in new areas,” Accenture Chair and CEO Julie Sweet said on the company’s Oct. 1 earnings call. “We continue to believe the opportunities related to AI are greater than the impact of AI-related efficiencies in our business.”
根据美国人口普查局的数据，专业和商业服务公司是报告AI采纳率最高的行业之一。该行业的招聘回暖与金融活动和信息行业的情况形成鲜明对比，这两个行业同样是AI的高强度使用者，但其就业趋势要糟糕得多。
Professional and business services firms are among those reporting the highest rates of AI adoption, according to Census Bureau data. The pickup in hiring there presents a stark contrast with the situation in the financial activities and information sectors, which also are among the most intensive users of AI but have seen far worse employment trends.
金融活动公司上月新增7,000个岗位，但员工总数仍比一年前少99,000人。信息行业则在过去一年裁减了119,000个岗位，10月份进一步下降至自2020年以来的最低水平。
Financial activities firms added 7,000 positions last month, but headcount remained 99,000 below a year earlier. Information meanwhile has shed 119,000 jobs over the past year, edging down in October to the lowest level since 2020.
“令人惊讶的是，既有健康就业增长的专业和商业服务行业，又有显著就业下降的信息和金融行业，都是AI的主要早期采用者，”牛津经济研究院美国首席经济学家南希·范登·豪滕在周五发布的报告中说。“对整体经济而言，AI似乎仍在增强劳动需求，而不是取代它。”
“It’s striking that sectors accounting for both healthy job gains — professional and business services — and significant job losses — information and finance — are among the major early adopters of AI,” Nancy Vanden Houten, the lead US economist at Oxford Economics, said in a report published Friday. “For the economy overall, it still appears that AI is augmenting labor demand more than it’s replacing it.”