德国总理弗里德里希·默茨与英伟达首席执行官黄仁勋在10月19日于柏林举行的“投资德国峰会”台上共同举杯。 | Nadja Wohlleben/Getty Images 布鲁塞尔——上个月，英伟达掌门人黄仁勋从英国国王查尔斯三世、法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙到德国总理弗里德里希·默茨等人那里，享受了欧洲的满堂红“红毯待遇”。如今却是一片寂静。
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz and Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang share a toast while on stage at the Invest In Germany Summit in Berlin on Oct.19, 2026. | Nadja Wohlleben/Getty Images BRUSSELS — Last month, Nvidia chief Jensen Huang got Europe's full red-carpet treatment from the likes of King Charles, French President Emmanuel Macron and German Chancellor Friedrich Merz. Now it's crickets.
随着一桩涉嫌中国间谍丑闻笼罩着这位全球主导地位AI芯片生产商的掌舵人，那些在公私部门与黄仁勋推杯换盏、签署协议的欧洲领导人，面临着潜在的尴尬提问。但这沉默也反映了一个冰冷的经济和战略现实：欧洲没有自主研发的英伟达替代品。
As an alleged Chinese spy scandal engulfs the man running the world's dominant AI microchips producer, potentially awkward questions loom for European leaders in both the public and private sectors who rubbed shoulders and inked deals with Huang. But the silence also reflects the cold economic and strategic reality that Europe has no homegrown alternative to Nvidia.
德国政府发言人周一针对英伟达动荡的一连串提问表示，“不对媒体报道置评”，并称“我们始终坚持最高标准，包括在达成协议时”。欧盟委员会发言人对此事也无评论。
A German government spokesperson said Monday in response to a barrage of questions on the upheaval at Nvidia that it "does not comment on the media reports," and that "we always adhere to the highest standards, including when agreements are being reached." A European Commission spokesperson also had no comment on the matter.
在硅谷和华盛顿，调查人员已忙碌开展工作。在黄仁勋与一名中国女商人发展出亲密关系、该女子涉嫌试图将美国芯片情报输送给北京后，英伟达已启动内部调查，以查明其首席执行官是否成为中国情报行动的目标。黄仁勋已公开承认有过婚外情。
In both Silicon Valley and Washington, investigators are already busy. Nvidia has opened an internal investigation into whether its CEO was targeted by a Chinese intelligence operation, after Huang developed an intimate relationship with a Chinese businesswoman suspected of trying to funnel intel on U.S. chips to Beijing. Huang has admitted publicly to having an affair.
美国国会，尤其是其中对华持警惕态度的派别，也准备采取行动。“美国应立即暂停向中国出口先进人工智能芯片，直到我们弄清这一事件的底细，并确保国家安全未受损害，”来自得克萨斯州的共和党众议员、众议院外交委员会前主席迈克尔·麦考尔在布鲁塞尔表示。
The U.S. Congress, particularly its factions wary of China, is also set to take action. “The U.S. should immediately pause the shipment of advanced AI chips to China until we can get to the bottom of this incident and ensure our national security is not being undermined,” Rep. Michael McCaul, a Republican from Texas, and former chair of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said on In Brussels, the blow to the Silicon Valley giant might appear to be good news for those who warn of U.S. tech dominance in the AI race.
在布鲁塞尔，这家硅谷巨头遭受的打击，对于那些警告美国在人工智能竞赛中占据技术主导地位的人来说，似乎是个好消息。但正如最近的中期选举结果一样，英伟达的困境并不会改变欧洲的现实，因为欧盟严重依赖该公司的人工智能芯片。
But as with the recent results of the midterm elections, the woes at Nvidia don't change Europe's reality because the bloc is so reliant on the company's AI chips.
“我们没有任何替代方案，芯片设计几乎完全掌握在美国手中，”荷兰籍欧洲议会议员巴特·格罗特豪斯说，他是欧盟最新芯片制造计划的谈判代表之一。
"We don't have any alternative, the design [of chips] is almost entirely U.S.," said Dutch European Parliament lawmaker Bart Groothuis, one of the negotiators of the bloc's latest chipmaking plan.
黄仁勋10月在欧洲的行程凸显了欧洲对英伟达的高度依赖，行程包括接受英国国王查尔斯三世颁发的勋章，以及与德国的梅尔茨同台亮相。
Europe's heavy reliance on Nvidia was on display during Huang's October tour through Europe, which included receiving a medal from King Charles and sharing a stage with Germany's Merz.
过去一年里，欧盟高层也纷纷示好：欧盟创新专员叶卡捷琳娜·扎哈里耶娃今春访美期间会见了黄仁勋；据欧盟透明度登记册的一条记录显示，欧盟技术专员亨娜·维尔库宁的内阁成员曾在9月讨论这位“数字沙皇”与黄仁勋“可能的会面”，届时也将探讨英伟达在欧洲的投资事宜。欧盟委员会拒绝就该会面是否已告吹发表评论。
EU executives have been lining up over the past year as well: EU innovation chief Ekaterina Zaharieva met Huang on a trip to the U.S. this spring; and Cabinet members of EU tech chief Henna Virkkunen discussed in September a "possible meeting" between the digital czar and Huang, per an entry in the EU's transparency, which would also explore Nvidia investments in Europe. The Commission declined to comment on whether that meeting is now off the table.
不可或缺 能受到投资邀约，是目前并非许多美国科技高管在布鲁塞尔仍能享有的待遇。但英伟达凭借其强大的芯片——训练欧洲渴望拥有的复杂先进模型所必需——使自己成为了欧洲在全球人工智能竞赛中保持竞争力不可或缺的力量。
Indispensable Being courted for investments is a status that not many U.S. tech executives still enjoy in Brussels. But Nvidia made itself indispensable to Europe's efforts to keep up in the global artificial intelligence race since its powerful chips are necessary to train the complex and advanced models that Europe aspires to have.
当即将卸任的拜登政府于2025年初限制向一系列欧盟国家出口AI芯片时，布鲁塞尔被这一现实惊醒，引发了整个集团内部的外交争夺。
Brussels was jolted awake to that reality when the outgoing Biden administration limited AI chip exports to a series of EU countries in early 2025, which triggered a diplomatic scramble across the bloc.
自那以来，欧盟将自己描绘为美国AI芯片的自愿买家，最终在欧美贸易协议中承诺购买价值400亿欧元的芯片。
Since then, the EU has portrayed itself as a willing buyer of American AI chips, culminating in the EU's promise to buy €40 billion of the chips as part of the EU-U.S. trade deal.
当欧盟委员会于7月底启动建设七座大型AI算力中心的计划（投资额达300亿欧元）时，英伟达是入选的三家美国公司之一，旨在“确保……无缝获取必要硬件”。欧盟直到最近才通过6月提出的一项新芯片制造计划，开始着手摆脱对美国先进芯片的依赖。
When the European Commission began an effort to build seven massive AI compute hubs at the end of July, an investment worth €30 billion, Nvidia was one of the three U.S. companies that were selected "to ensure ... seamless access to necessary hardware." The bloc has only recently begun efforts to wean off its reliance on U.S. advanced chips through a new chipmaking plan it presented in June.
该计划警告称，欧盟在“最先进和尖端芯片……包括AI芯片”方面几乎“完全依赖美国和亚洲”，并将在欧盟建立先进芯片工厂作为一项“最高优先级”的战略项目。甚至没有必要投入数十亿欧元建厂。
That plan warned that the bloc is almost "entirely dependent on the United States and Asia for the most advanced and leading-edge chips ... including AI chips" and pitched an EU-based advanced chips factory as a strategic project "with the highest priority." It's not even necessary to plough billions into a factory.
英伟达本身并不制造芯片，而是设计芯片——然后依赖台积电等公司进行生产。
Nvidia itself doesn't manufacture chips, it designs them — and then relies on companies such as Taiwan-based TSMC to produce them.
所有这些都提高了欧洲在芯片设计领域成为一股力量的赌注，而英伟达多年来已精通这一技艺，使其成为全球市值最高的公司。
This all raises the stakes for Europe to become a force in chip design, a craft Nvidia has mastered over the years and that has made it the world's most valuable company.
“进入该市场门槛相当低，做得更好的知识在欧洲也能获得，”格罗特豪斯调侃道。
"The entry to that market is quite accessible, the knowledge to do better is also available in Europe," Groothuis quipped.