该公司周三表示，将限制人工智能机器人访问其数字平台，并警告称，允许第三方AI助手访问账户凭证可能会泄露敏感个人信息，导致非预期的购买行为或其他未经授权的账户活动。此举与亚马逊最近阻止Meta的Muse代理在其网站上进行购买的做法类似。
said Wednesday it would be restricting artificial intelligence bots from its digital platforms, warning that allowing third-party AI assistants to access account credentials could expose sensitive personal information, lead to unintended purchases or other unauthorized account activity. The move is similar to Amazon's recent blocking of Meta's Muse agent from making purchases on its site.
尽管如此，AI代理仍可代表您完成各种任务。例如，您不仅可以询问Muse明天的天气，还可以让它根据明天的天气预报推荐穿搭，并在预报有雨时为您预约网约车。又或者，您不仅可以让它为您下一次假期制定行程，还可以连接支付方式，让OpenAI的代理产品Dot为您预订机票、酒店和观光项目。
Still, AI agents can complete a wide range of tasks on your behalf. Instead of just asking Muse what the weather will be tomorrow, you can tell it to suggest an outfit based on tomorrow's weather forecast and book you a rideshare if it's going to rain, for example. Or, rather than just creating an itinerary for your next vacation, you can connect a payment option and have your Dot — OpenAI's agent offering — book flights, hotels and excursions for you.
您甚至可以让AI代理通过Robinhood等投资平台买卖股票。
You can even have an AI agent buy and sell stocks through investing platforms like Robinhood.
依靠AI代理执行上述任务的效果好坏参半，取决于您使用哪个代理、允许其访问何种数据，以及您委托其执行的任务复杂程度。因为总体而言，代理式AI仍处于起步阶段，旧金山大学管理学院兼职教授、加州大学伯克利分校工程学院讲师Shomit Ghose表示，当“涉及您的健康、财富或隐私”时，您可能不希望让代理替您做决定。
Relying on an AI agent for any of these tasks may come with mixed results depending on which agent you use, what data you allow it to access and the complexity of the task you've asked it to carry out. Because broadly, agentic AI is still in its infancy, you may not want to let an agent make decisions "anytime [your] health, wealth, or privacy are involved," says Shomit Ghose, adjunct professor at the University of San Francisco School of Management, and lecturer at the University of California, Berkeley College of Engineering.
他说：“您可以让代理为您做一些有趣的事，比如对支出进行分类、标记异常收费、或模拟假设场景。这些都是好事，但坏事则是移动资金、进行交易、填写表格。所有这些目前都应保持人工操作。”不过，热衷AI的交易者可能还需要一些说服。以下是您在将整个待办事项清单外包给AI代理前应考虑的因素。
"You can have agents do interesting things for you, like categorize your spending, or flag unusual charges, or model what-if scenarios," he says. "Those are good things, but bad things would be moving money, making trades, filing forms. All those things should stay manual at this point." AI-enthusiast traders may need some convincing, though. Here's what you should consider before outsourcing your whole to-do list to an AI agent.
语境至关重要。戈斯表示，尽管 AI 智能体的能力正在提升，但它们仍以相当字面的方式运作，这可能会引发问题。例如，如果你让智能体帮你订最便宜的机票，除非你给它设定具体的护栏，否则它可能会给你订一张凌晨 3 点起飞的机票，或者经停三次的航班。
Context matters Though AI agents' capabilities are improving, they still operate in a fairly literal sense, which can create problems, Ghose says. If you tell your agent to book you the cheapest flight, for example, it may book you a flight at 3 a.m. or one with three layovers, unless you give the agent specific guardrails.
戈斯说：“机器人只了解你的语境。它无法像我们人类那样进行推断，因为我们拥有本能、文化和教育。”此外，即使面对看似清晰直接的指令，机器人仍可能出错。戈斯补充道：“它们将所有数据视为同等重要。”因此，如果它在网上找到的信息不准确或带有主观性，就可能给你提供误导性建议，或无法达到你对特定任务的标准。
"The bot only knows your context," Ghose says. "It cannot infer, as we humans are able to do, because of instinct and culture and education." Further, bots can still get it wrong even with a seemingly clear and direct command. They "treat all data as being equal," Ghose adds. So if it finds information on the web that is either inaccurate or subjective, it could give you misleading guidance or fail to meet your standards for the given task.
例如，如果你让智能体帮你订一家不错的烧烤餐厅，它可能会给你订一家在自己网站上宣称是“全世界最好的烧烤”的餐厅。但这家餐厅可能地理位置不便，或者在网络其他地方的评价很差。你的指令可能需要更具体，比如要求智能体查看 Google 评价或 Yelp 上的评价。
For example, if you tell your agent to book you a reservation at a good barbecue restaurant, it may get you a table at a place that claims to be "the best barbecue in the world" on its website. But the restaurant may be in an inconvenient location or have poor reviews elsewhere on the web. Your command may need to be more specific, like asking your agent to check reviews on Google Reviews or Yelp.
“问问自己：是否需要人工介入？”戈斯说，取决于你分配给机器人的任务，结果可能无关紧要。但当个人考虑让机器人为他们进行购物、调整投资组合等操作时，后果可能更为严重。戈斯说：“归根结底，你要问自己：是否需要人工介入？”
'Ask yourself: Does the human need to be in the loop?' Depending on what task you've assigned the bot, the outcome could be rather innocuous. But when individuals consider letting bots make purchases for them, make changes to their investment portfolios or and the like, the result could be more consequential. "In the end, you want to ask yourself: Does the human need to be in the loop?" Ghose says.
例如，如果你在预订假期，让 AI 智能体根据天气、预算和其他因素帮你决定目的地是合理的。但实际预订机票和酒店“应该仍由我来决定”，戈斯说。他想保留对重大财务决策的最终决定权。这样做甚至可能帮你省钱。
If you're booking a vacation, for example, it's reasonable to ask an AI agent to help make a decision on your destination based on the weather, your budget and other factors. But actually booking the flights and hotels "should still come back to me," Ghose says. He wants to maintain final say over major financial decisions. Doing so may even save you money.
总部位于康涅狄格州的旅游科技公司 Booking Holdings 在第三季度财报中表示，在其旅游平台 Agoda 上使用 AI 助手预订住宿的客户，其支出比未使用 AI 助手的客户高出 20%。目前尚不清楚这些客户是被引导至价格更高的选项，还是确实寻求更昂贵的设施。该公司并未将这一发现归因于单一因素。
Booking Holdings ' third-quarter earnings report, the Connecticut-based travel technology company reported 20% higher spending among customers who used AI assistants versus those who didn't to book accommodations on Agoda, one of its travel platforms. It's unclear whether those customers were led to pricier options or did, in fact, seek more expensive amenities. The company doesn't cite a single factor for the finding.
Ghose 表示，AI 代理也正进入医疗保健领域，这可能给过快依赖代理建议的用户带来风险。例如，让 AI 代理处理处方续方请求可能很方便，但 AI 更广泛地管理处方可能会基于“不完整的记录”行事，“在行动已经生效前，无法识别危险的相互作用或病情恶化”。通常情况下，临床医生仍需对任何新处方签字确认，但联邦机构正在支持一些项目，允许 AI 代理协助患者进行诊断和处方管理。
AI agents are also making their way into the healthcare sector, which can pose risks for users too quick to rely on the agents' advice, Ghose says. Letting an AI agent handle prescription refill requests for example, could be convenient, but AI managing prescriptions more broadly may act on "incomplete records and won't be able to recognize a dangerous interaction or a worsening condition before the action has already taken effect," he says. Generally, a clinician will have to sign off on any new prescriptions, but federal agencies are backing programs that would allow AI agents to assist in diagnostics and prescription management for patients.
相关地，Ghose 表示，无论是医疗记录还是电子邮箱，只要授予 AI 代理访问个人信息的权限，都可能引入隐私风险。他建议用户仅允许代理“使用权限受限的账户”，例如让其访问新闻来源的订阅，而不是个人账户，如银行账户或信用卡信息。
Relatedly, anytime you grant an AI agent access to your personal information, whether it's medical records or your email inbox, you could be introducing privacy risks, Ghose says. He recommends users only allow agents to "use limited permission accounts," like letting it access your subscription to a news source, rather than your personal accounts, such as your bank account or credit card information.
对于投资决策等某些任务，你需要具备一定的专业知识，才能清晰地制定策略和目标。即使你保留交易的最终决定权，而不是委托给机器人，了解你的 AI 代理提出的操作所涉及的风险也是至关重要的。AI 专家表示，虽然大语言模型可以帮助你研究投资、收集资产相关信息，但人类在将这些信息置于个人财务策略和目标的背景下加以理解方面仍更胜一筹。
For some tasks like investing decisions, you need to have a certain level of expertise to clearly dictate your strategy and goals. And even if you give yourself final say on trades, instead of delegating to the bot, it's essential that you understand the risk involved in moves your AI agent proposes. While a large language model can help you research investments and gather information around an asset, humans are still better at putting that into the context of their individual financial strategy and goals, AI experts say.
资深投资者、代理式交易工具使用者 Shridhar Rathore 近日对 CNBC Make It 表示：“代理可以‘让你的交易体验更轻松，这一点毫无疑问。’但‘让代理做出投资决策，如果不小心，人们就可能亏钱……他们必须确保在执行环节，人类在决策回路中。’”Ghose 说：“你要非常具体地说，‘我正在制定一个交易策略，这些是我试图优化的方面，’”比如你考虑的是短期还是长期策略。“这样，当代理吸收信息时，就能用正确的语境来处理。”
Agents can "make your trading experience easier, there is no doubt about it," Shridhar Rathore, an experienced investor who uses agentic trading tools, recently told CNBC Make It. "But [letting agents] make investment decisions, that's where people can lose money if they are not careful...they have to make sure that for the execution, the human is in the loop." "You want to be really specific and say, 'I am crafting a trading strategy, and these are the kind of things I'm trying to optimize for,'" like whether you're thinking about short or long-term strategy, Ghose says. "So that as [the agent] ingests information, it can treat it with the right context."
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