波斯尼亚塞族亲俄执政派别领导人于周二在莫斯科会见了俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京，此时距离波斯尼亚举行大选仅剩数日。据波斯尼亚塞族广播公司RTRS报道，分离主义领导人米洛拉德·多迪克和总理萨沃·米尼奇获得了普京对周日投票的支持。
Bosnian Serb pro-Russian ruling politicians met Russian President Vladimir Putin in Moscow on Tuesday, days before Bosnia goes to the polls in a general election. Separatist leader Milorad Dodik and Prime Minister Savo Minic were reported by Bosnian Serb broadcaster RTRS to have received Putin's support for Sunday's vote.
此次会晤正值波斯尼亚局势敏感时期，该国约340万选民将选举产生多民族总统委员会、中央议会以及该国两个实体内的相关机构。这一权力分享制度是在结束1992年至1995年波斯尼亚战争的和平协议下建立的，但该国目前仍面临民族紧张局势和经济疲软，其加入欧盟的申请进展缓慢。
The meeting comes at a sensitive time for Bosnia, where around 3.4 million voters will elect a multi-ethnic presidency, the central Parliament and institutions in the country's two entities. The power-sharing system was created under the peace agreement that ended Bosnia's 1992-95 war, but the country remains ethnically tense and economically weak, while its bid for European Union membership has moved slowly.
多迪克曾担任波斯尼亚塞族总统，立场强烈亲俄，此前也曾在大选前访问莫斯科。尽管他被禁止在波斯尼亚担任公职，但他仍是执政党“独立社会民主党联盟”的领导人，并在该国塞族控制区的竞选活动中占据主导地位。
Dodik, a former Bosnian Serb president, is strongly pro-Russian and has travelled to Moscow before past elections as well. Although he has been banned from holding public office in Bosnia, he remains the leader of the ruling Alliance of Independent Social Democrats and has dominated the campaign in the Serb-held part of the country.
多迪克被视为俄罗斯在巴尔干地区的主要盟友之一，多次与负责监督波斯尼亚和平进程的西方官员发生冲突。他在拜登政府期间还受到了美国的制裁。他反复呼吁塞族实体从波斯尼亚分离，随着乌克兰战争持续，这引发了西方国家对该地区可能再次陷入动荡的担忧。
Seen as one of Russia's main allies in the Balkans, Dodik has repeatedly clashed with Western officials overseeing peace in Bosnia. He was also sanctioned by the United States during the Biden administration. His repeated calls for the Serb entity to separate from Bosnia have raised fears in Western countries of fresh instability in the Balkans as the war in Ukraine continues.
与战争时期相关的紧张局势在大选前也再度浮现。此前，波斯尼亚塞族和塞尔维亚公众向已故的波斯尼亚塞族军队指挥官拉特科·姆拉迪奇致敬。姆拉迪奇于8月下旬在服刑期间去世，他因种族灭绝及其他战争罪行被判处终身监禁。尽管联合国法庭就1995年斯雷布雷尼察大屠杀中8000多名穆斯林男性和男孩遇害及其他暴行对其定罪，但波斯尼亚塞族仍将姆拉迪奇视为英雄。
Tensions linked to the war era have also resurfaced before the election after public homage was paid among Bosnian Serbs and in Serbia to wartime Bosnian Serb army commander Ratko Mladic, who died in late August while serving a life sentence for genocide and other war crimes. Bosnian Serbs regard Mladic as a hero despite his conviction by a UN court over the 1995 Srebrenica massacre of more than 8,000 Muslim men and boys, along with other atrocities.
波斯尼亚塞族高级官员出席了他在贝尔格莱德的葬礼，这一行为引发了欧盟的强烈批评。波斯尼亚的另一个实体——波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那联邦——主要由穆斯林的波斯尼亚人和克罗地亚人组成，该联邦通过共同的中央机构与塞族控制的实体保持联系。1992年的战争爆发于波斯尼亚宣布从由塞族主导的前南斯拉夫独立之后，当时塞族民众拿起武器，试图建立自己的国家并加入塞尔维亚。这场战争导致超过10万人丧生，数百万人流离失所，其遗留问题至今仍在影响着该国的政治局势。
Senior Bosnian Serb officials attended his funeral service in Belgrade, drawing strong criticism from the EU. Bosnia's other entity, the Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina, is made up of Bosniaks, who are mainly Muslim, and Croats, and is linked with the Serb entity through joint central institutions. The 1992 war began after Bosnia declared independence from the Serb-led former Yugoslavia and ethnic Serbs took up arms to carve out their own state and join Serbia. More than 100,000 people were killed and millions displaced, leaving a legacy that continues to shape the country's politics ahead of this election.