字号·· | 护眼
美联社

美联社-NORC民调:选民在关键议题上倾向支持民主党,但对两党解决问题的能力都缺乏信心Voters favor Democrats on key issues but lack faith in either party to solve problems: AP-NORC poll

点「原文对照」整页切到原文,或双击某段只看那段的原文。

托马斯·博蒙特、林利·桑德斯 华盛顿报道:亚伦·西弗从来不是只支持某一政党的选民。不过如今,这位来自弗吉尼亚州西南部的41岁男子对两大政党愈发失望。在他看来,这两个政党最大的“功绩”就是互相指责,导致国家几乎一事无成。

THOMAS BEAUMONT, LINLEY SANDERS WASHINGTON — Aaron Siever was never a single-party voter. But now, the 41-year-old from southwest Virginia is more frustrated than ever with the two political parties whose chief accomplishment, he says, is blaming each other for getting little done.

“现在局势混乱不堪,”曾是一名警察、如今从事内战战场导览工作的西弗说道,“这严重阻碍了各项事务的推进。整个局面真是令人作呕。”美联社与NORC公共事务研究中心联合开展的民调显示,在11月3日中期选举临近之际,选民们对唐纳德·特朗普总统及其所在的共和党深感不满;短短数月内,民主党在应对生活成本与医疗保健等关键议题方面也取得了明显优势。

“There’s so much turmoil,” said Siever, a former police officer who now guides Civil War battlefield tours. “It really messes up chances of getting anything done. It gets really disgusting.”Voters are deeply dissatisfied with President Donald Trump and his Republican Party heading into the Nov. 3 midterm elections, according to an Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll, and Democrats have built a clear advantage on pressing issues such as the cost of living and healthcare over just a few months.

不过这项调查也揭示了两大政党共同面临的更大难题:多数选民认为无论哪个政党都无力解决重大社会问题,也无法真正为像他们这样的普通民众提供帮助。

But the survey also points to a bigger problem for both parties: Fewed voters think either party is able to solve important problems or help Americans like them.

无论最终哪个政党掌控国会,这种普遍的悲观情绪都将给民主党和共和党带来巨大挑战。尽管民众对共和党的不满情绪日益加剧,但他们似乎也不认为民主党能长期解决国家的种种问题。

That undercurrent of cynicism will be a challenge for Democrats and the Republicans, no matter which party controls Congress. Frustration with Republicans is growing, but voters do not appear to think Democrats have a long-term solution to the country’s problems, either.

在生活成本这一问题上,选民们普遍认为民主党更能胜任。这一议题恰恰是特朗普的软肋。

Voters give Democrats the advantage when it comes to which party would be better to handle the cost of living, an issue that has proved to be a weak spot for Trump.

调查显示,38%的选民认为民主党更有助于控制生活成本,而持相同看法的共和党支持者仅占27%。今年2月份时,美国成年人对这一问题的看法基本持平,当时约三成民众分别认为两大政党都能更好地应对生活成本问题。

The survey finds that 38% ofed voters say the Democrats would be better for costs, compared with 27% who say that about the Republicans. The issue was about evenly split among U.S. adults in February, with about 3 in 10 saying each party would be better.

此外,民主党在经济议题上的支持率也有所提升。目前约有四成选民倾向于选择民主党,而今年2月份时这一比例仅为26%。

Democrats have also gained ground on the economy. About 4 in 10ed voters now pick the Democrats, compared with 26% of U.S. adults in February.

这些变化对民主党候选人而言是个好消息。他们正不断批评一位越来越不得人心的总统,并进而批评他的政党。很少有美国人认可特朗普应对生活成本的方式,而对其经济表现的看法也只好不了多少。

These shifts are good news for Democratic candidates who are hammering an increasingly unpopular president — and by extension, his party. Few Americans approve of Trump’s handling of the cost of living, and views of his performance on the economy are only a little better.

选民似乎尤其认为共和党只关注富人。调查发现,约六成受访选民表示,“一心帮助有钱有势的人”这一说法“极其”或“非常”准确地描述了共和党。只有约三成受访选民对民主党作出同样的评价。

Voters appear to view Republicans, in particular, as focused on the wealthy. The survey finds that about 6 in 10ed voters say the phrase “focused on helping rich and powerful people” describes the Republican Party “extremely” or “very” well. Only about 3 in 10ed voters say the same about the Democratic Party.

尽管选民对共和党深感不满,调查却显示,他们相对缺乏信心,认为民主党真正关心自己面临的问题。

While voters expressed deep dissatisfaction with Republicans, the survey indicates that voters have relatively little confidence Democrats have their problems in mind.

与共和党相比,民主党较少被称为腐败或只关注富人,但也不太会被认为关注普通民众或有能力解决问题。

Democrats are less likely to be described as corrupt or focused on the wealthy than are Republicans, but not more likely to be seen as focused on ordinary people or capable of solving problems.

只有约两成受访选民认为,“能够解决重要问题”或“专注于帮助像我这样的人”这些说法“极其”或“非常”准确地描述了民主党。这一比例与对共和党的评价相近。

Only about 2 in 10ed voters say that “able to solve important problems” or “focused on helping people like me” describes the Democratic Party “extremely” or “very” well. That is similar to the percentages who say this about the GOP.

民主党在华盛顿不掌握政权,这或许使人们认为他们难以在解决问题方面取得进展。

Democrats are out of power in Washington, and that may contribute to the perception that they are unable to get traction in solving problems.

仅仅在过去一年里,联邦政府就因国会在医疗保健和移民执法支出问题上的党派争执,两次部分停摆,持续数周。

In the last year alone, the federal government partially shut down twice for weeks because of partisan disputes in Congress over spending on healthcare and immigration enforcement.

不过,僵局并非共和党执政时独有。尽管民主党在民主党总统乔·拜任期初占据国会多数席位,该党仍未能在堕胎权、投票权和上调最低工资等关键优先事项上实现目标。

But gridlock has not been exclusive to Republican control. Despite Democratic majorities early in Democratic President Joe Biden’s administration, the party did not achieve its goals on key priorities such as abortion rights, voting rights and raising the minimum wage.

在消费者为食品杂货和汽油等日常必需品支付更高价格之际,西弗对自己所看到的国会一心陷入党派之争、以牺牲进展为代价的做法深感沮丧。

Siever is frustrated by what he sees as a commitment to partisanship in Congress at the expense of progress at a time when consumers are paying higher prices for daily necessities such as groceries and gasoline.

他驾车穿梭于该地区,授课并带队参观,出行成本大幅飙升,迫使他提高收费标准。

Driving around the region to lecture and guide tours, his travel costs have soared and led him to raise his prices.

“我真的已经厌倦了这种观念:加入这个党,就必须忠于这个党;加入那个党,就必须忠于那个党,”他说,“双方都面临严重问题,而似乎哪一方都无法解决。”与此同时,55%的选民认为共和党“过于极端”。约45%的选民对民主党也有同样的看法。

“I’ve really become tired of the idea that, if you’re in this party, you have to be loyal to this but, if you’re in that party, you have to be loyal to that,” he said. ”There’s big problems and neither side seems able to fix them.”Meanwhile, 55% ofed voters say the Republican Party is “too extreme.”Some 45% say the same about the Democratic Party.

总体而言,选民并不认为两党中都存在大量温和派声音。不过,认为民主党“过于温和”的选民比例高于认为共和党如此的比例,这反映出民主党内部在战略问题上的不团结。

Voters overall do not see an abundance of moderate sentiment in either party. But they are more likely to say Democrats are “too moderate” than Republicans — a reflection of the lack of unity within Democratic Party about its strategy.

略少于一半的民主党选民认为本党“过于温和”,另有相近比例的选民认为本党的方向“恰到好处”。这与共和党选民形成鲜明对比,后者中的大多数都认为本党的方向“恰到好处”。梅根·路德维希等选民体现出的,正是今年威斯康星州及其他选情胶着州出现的党内不满情绪。

Slightly fewer than half of Democratic voters say their party is “too moderate,” while a similar share say it is “about right.”That is a sharp contrast with Republican voters, who mostly say their party is “about right.”Voters such as Meagan Ludwig of Milwaukee illustrate the party discontent that has emerged in Wisconsin and other closely contested states this year.

路德维希是一名41岁的房地产经纪人。8月民主党州长初选时,她投票支持民主社会主义者弗朗西斯卡·洪,认为与密尔沃基县县长戴维·克劳利相比,洪似乎更致力于推动帮助工薪家庭的政策议程。

Ludwig, a 41-year-old real estate broker, voted for democratic socialist Francesca Hong in the Democratic primary for governor in August, arguing the candidate seemed more committed to a policy agenda aimed at helping working families than Milwaukee County Executive David Crowley.

克劳利以0.5个百分点、约3800票的优势赢得初选,这凸显了民主党在这个中西部北部摇摆州中的深刻反思。

Crowley won the primary by a half percentage point — roughly 3,800 votes — illustrating Democrats’ soul-searching in the Upper Midwestern swing state.

在11月大选中,路德维希投票给克劳利时“颇感勉强”,但仍计划支持克劳利,而不是共和党众议员汤姆·蒂凡尼。她希望克劳利一旦当选,就能察觉到党内的不满情绪。

In the November general election, Ludwig is “reluctant,” but plans to vote for Crowley rather than Republican Tom Tiffany, a congressman. Ludwig hopes that Crowley, if elected, perceives the discontent about his party.

“我们需要抓住机会,大胆实施能够改善美国人生活的政策,”路德维希说。她已婚,育有一名正在上小学的孩子。“我已经厌倦了我们推动渐进式变革。”博蒙特从爱荷华州得梅因发回报道。

“We need to seize the opportunity to boldly enact policies that will improve the lives of Americans,” said Ludwig, who is married and has an elementary school-age child. “I’m tired of us pursuing incremental change.”Beaumont reported from Des Moines, Iowa.

美联社—NORC对2140名成年人(其中包括1766名登记选民)的调查于9月24日至28日进行,样本取自NORC基于概率抽样设计的AmeriSpeak调查小组,该小组旨在代表美国人口。成年人总体样本的抽样误差范围为正负2.9个百分点,登记选民样本为正负3.1个百分点。

The AP-NORC poll of 2,140 adults, including 1,766ed voters, was conducted Sept. 24-28 using a sample drawn from NORC’s probability-based AmeriSpeak Panel, which is designed to be representative of the U.S. population. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus 2.9 percentage points for adults overall and plus or minus 3.1 percentage points fored voters.