达利特·拉姆·阿哈伦（Dalit Ram Aharon）和她的丈夫阿奇（Achi）表示，他们希望搬回尼尔奥兹（Nir Oz）——这是为了纪念在2023年10月7日的袭击中失去的朋友们。
2026年10月7日，英国夏令时间06:01；更新时间：15分钟前。
Dalit Ram Aharon and her husband Achi say they want to move back to Nir Oz "in the memory" of the friends they lost in the 7 October attacks Yolande Knell Middle East Correspondent Kibbutz Nir Oz 7 October 2026, 06:01 BST Updated 15 minutes ago Roosting birds now coo among the ceiling tiles in the deserted dining room of Kibbutz Nir Oz, once the bustling heart of a close-knit, 400-strong Israeli community which was devastated by the Hamas-led attacks on 7 October 2023.
如今，鸟儿在尼尔奥兹基布兹（Kibbutz Nir Oz）废弃的餐厅里鸣叫。这里曾经是一个拥有400名居民的紧密团结的以色列社区的繁荣中心，但在2023年10月7日的哈马斯袭击中遭受了毁灭性打击。
"We used to come and see each other, eat together.
“我们过去经常来这里见面、一起吃饭，这里也有很多活动，还有节日庆典，”达利特·拉姆·阿哈伦回忆道，她正带着丈夫阿奇向我参观这个基布兹。
There were lots of activities here, also holidays to celebrate," remembers Dalit Ram Aharon, who is showing me around with her husband, Achi.
玻璃门上布满了弹孔，这些弹孔令人不寒而栗，它们无声地见证了那些失踪居民的悲惨命运。
By the glass entrance doors, dotted with bullet holes, there is a shocking reminder of what happened to the missing residents.
每个家庭的邮箱上都贴着标签，这些标签是在三年前袭击事件发生后贴上的：红色标签代表遇难者，黑色标签代表被劫持者。“我们中有四分之一的人遭遇了这样的命运——要么被杀害，要么被绑架，”达利特说，“其中包括儿童和婴儿。”
The postboxes for each household bear stickers put there after the attacks three years ago: red indicates those killed, and black those taken hostage. "That's one out of four of us: murdered or kidnapped," Dalit says. "Including children and babies."
随着以色列纪念这场最致命袭击的三周年纪念日，基布兹的居民们再次陷入了痛苦的反思之中。这个基布兹距离加沙边境仅1.6公里，是受灾最严重的地区之一。
As Israel marks the third anniversary of its deadliest-ever day, this is another painful time of reflection for residents of the kibbutz, which sits just a mile (1.6km) from the Gaza border and was one of the worst-hit places.
在附近被烧毁的西曼·托夫（Siman Tov）家的门口，一个风铃悬挂着。照片中，塔玛尔（Tamar）和约纳坦（Yonatan）与他们的三个孩子——五岁的女儿莎哈尔（Shahar）和阿尔贝尔（Arbel），以及两岁的儿子奥默（Omer）——相拥而笑。
Time stands still at the nearby burnt-out house of the Siman Tov family, where a wind chime dangles by the door. A picture shows Tamar and Yonatan with their three children, twin girls Shahar and Arbel, five, and their two-year-old son, Omer.
这对父母是在他们的避难所里被枪杀的；他们的避难所原本是为抵御来自加沙的火箭弹而设计的，而非枪炮攻击。
The parents were shot through the door of their bomb shelter - designed to protect from rockets launched from Gaza, not gunfire.
邮箱上的红色标签标志着在哈马斯袭击中遇难的人，黑色标签则标志着被劫持的人。达利特回忆说，她和丈夫阿奇以及他们的三个孩子当天躲在自己的避难所里长达近12个小时，幸免于难。她还提到了塔玛尔通过社交媒体发给邻居们的最后几条信息。
A red sticker on a postbox indicates those who were killed in the Hamas attacks; black indicates those who were taken hostage Dalit, who survived with Achi and their three children by hiding in their own shelter for nearly 12 hours that day, recalls the last social media messages sent by Tamar to her neighbours. "On that day in the morning, she wrote in the woman's group, at the beginning, 'Is everyone fine?'
“那天早上，她在那个女性交流群组里首先写道：‘大家都好吗？’后来又写道：‘他们正在向我们开枪。’接着，她又写了一些满是拼写错误的句子：‘我们受伤很严重。’”达利特告诉我。
Then, at another point, she wrote, 'They are shooting us.' And after that she wrote with a lot of mistakes, 'We are very injured,'" Dalit tells me.
“据我们了解，那些人放火烧了房屋，孩子们因窒息而死亡，整个家庭都遇难了。”据估计，约有500名巴勒斯坦人参与了这次袭击；他们主要由哈马斯的精锐部队‘Nukhba’成员组成，但也包括一些平民劫掠者（其中有些是儿童）。这些袭击者突然袭击了毫无防备的尼尔奥兹（Nir Oz）定居点。
"From what we understand, they torched the house and the children died from suffocation, so all the family was killed." An estimated 500 Palestinians, led by Hamas's elite Nukhba force fighters, but including civilian looters, some of them children, joined the assault on the unsuspecting Nir Oz.
共有41名尼尔奥兹的居民和外国工人遇难，还有6名从附近聚会中逃到该定居点的人也未能幸免于难。
Forty-one Nir Oz residents and foreign workers were killed, along with six people who had fled to the kibbutz from a party nearby.
另外有76名定居点居民被绑架到加沙地带；其中9具尸体被带走了，其余14名人质在囚禁期间被杀害。最后一名幸存的尼尔奥兹人质于2025年10月13日被送回以色列，而最后一名遇难人质阿米拉姆·库珀（Amiram Cooper）的遗体则在两周后才被运回。
Seventy-six people from the kibbutz were kidnapped to Gaza, including nine bodies, with 14 hostages taken alive and killed in captivity. The last living hostages from Nir Oz were returned to Israel on 13 October 2025 and the remains of the last deceased hostage, Amiram Cooper, were brought back two weeks later.
当我们穿过这片绿意盎然的地区时，周围一片死寂——只有鸟儿的歌声和饥饿的流浪猫的叫声打破了这份寂静。尼尔奥兹的许多房屋都遭到了严重破坏（这些房屋都是简单的一层建筑），如今已经被拆除；只剩下那些加固过的混凝土避难室，但它们终究没能保护人们的安全。
As we walk through the greenery, it is eerily quiet bar bird song and the mewing of hungry, stray cats. Dozens of fire-damaged homes, which were simple, one-storey buildings in Nir Oz, have now been torn down, leaving just rows of the reinforced concrete safe rooms, which failed to keep people safe.
阿哈伦夫妇希望保留一些受损的房屋，作为这段历史的见证。“我们完全支持这个想法，”阿奇说，“人们应该亲眼看到这里发生的一切，看到这场毁灭，以及这里所充斥的仇恨。”他们指出了教师玛雅·戈伦（Maya Goren）在幼儿园里遇害的地点，以及那三名定居点安保人员在与哈马斯武装分子战斗中牺牲的临时纪念碑。
The Aharons want some damaged houses to be left as evidence of what took place. "We really support that," Achi says. "People should see what happened, should see the destruction, the pure hatred that happened here." The couple point out where a teacher, Maya Goren, was killed while in the kindergarten and the makeshift memorials where three of the seven members of the kibbutz security team were killed after battling Hamas gunmen.
以色列国防军对尼尔·奥兹（Nir Oz）事件的调查结果揭示了一个令人震惊的事实：由于同时遭到20多个社区及多处军事据点的袭击，军队陷入了混乱状态，完全无法及时提供救援。
The findings of the Israeli Defense Forces investigation into what happened at Nir Oz underscored how the army - left in a state of disarray by the unprecedented simultaneous assault on more than 20 communities and multiple military posts - completely failed to come to the rescue here.
10月7日，第一批士兵在最后一批巴勒斯坦袭击者离开约40分钟后才抵达该基布兹（kibbutz）。几乎每个家庭都经历了杀戮、暴力事件（包括性侵犯和强奸）、抢劫以及绑架。
On 7 October, the first soldiers arrived in the kibbutz some 40 minutes after the last Palestinian attackers left. Nearly every household experienced killing, violence, including sexual assaults and rape, looting and kidnapping.
达利特（Dalit）向我指着一棵树，这棵树是她父母多年前种植的。她的父母是该基布兹的联合创始人，该基布兹以农业活动和和平倡导而闻名。虽然他们在10月7日的袭击中幸免于难，但几个月后却不幸去世了。
Dalit pauses to show me a tree planted long ago by her parents, who were co-founders of the kibbutz, known for its farming and peace activists. They survived the 7 October attacks physically unharmed but died just months afterwards. Next door is the small home of Shiri Bibas, the mother of ginger-haired boys Ariel, four, and nine-month-old, Kfir.
隔壁是希里·比巴斯（Shiri Bibas）的小房子。希里是两个孩子的母亲——4岁的阿里尔（Ariel）和9个月大的克菲尔（Kfir）。这三个孩子被绑架后，成为了加沙人质危机的象征。
The three, snatched from their home, became symbols of the Gaza hostage crisis. "This is the hardest house for me because Shiri was a very, very good friend of mine," Dalit confides. "She was like a sister. We even got pregnant together - me with my daughter and her with Ariel.
“这间房子对我来说意义特别沉重，因为希里是我非常非常好的朋友，”达利特说，“她就像我的姐妹一样。我们甚至同时怀孕了（我怀的是女儿，她怀的是阿里尔），后来他们也成了最好的朋友。我们常常开玩笑说他们将来一定会结婚。”
They became best friends also. We used to laugh that they were going to marry." Courtesy of Dalit Ram Aharon Dalit says Shiri Bibas, who was killed along with her two children after being taken hostage, was "like a sister"
达利特透露，希里·比巴斯与她的两个孩子一起被杀害；她在被绑架后不幸遇难。她补充道：“希里非常幽默，是个快乐的人，也是一个出色的母亲。她过着简单的生活，从未伤害过任何人。”
"Shiri was very, very funny. She was a happy person - a mother," Dalit says. "She lived a simple life. She never did anything to anyone."
希里的丈夫亚尔登（Yarden）在2025年2月的加沙停火协议中成功获释，但希里和她的儿子们却被另一支武装组织杀害。哈马斯将他们的死亡归咎于加沙战争初期的空袭；然而，以色列法医专家在同年2月检查尸体后发现，他们实际上是被绑架者杀害的，尸体也遭到了严重毁坏。
While Shiri's husband, Yarden, was released alive by Hamas in a Gaza ceasefire deal in February 2025, she and her sons - held by a different armed group - were killed. Hamas blamed an air strike early in the Gaza war for their deaths, but Israeli forensic experts, who examined the bodies after they were returned later that February, said they were murdered by their captives and their bodies mutilated.
许多从尼尔奥兹失去亲人的人，包括亚登·比巴斯，都已经永远离开了。然而，随着20所房屋的翻新或重建，一些前人质已经回到这里居住。
Many of the bereaved from Nir Oz, including Yarden Bibas, have moved away for good. However, with 20 houses renovated or rebuilt, a few former hostages have come back to live here.
其中包括基布兹的另一位联合创始人加迪·摩西（Gadi Moses）、加沙战争期间获释的最年长的男性人质，以及亚尔·霍恩（Yair Horn），他在乘坐高尔夫球车经过时停下来与阿哈罗夫妇聊天。达利特和阿奇也决心回归。
They include Gadi Moses, another kibbutz co-founder, and the oldest living male hostage released during the Gaza war, and Yair Horn, who stops to chat with the Aharons as he passes in a golf buggy. Dalit and Achi are determined to return too.
“我们会回来纪念希里，纪念那些没有机会住在这里的人们，纪念我的父母，延续我们的根，也纪念我的孩子，因为这是我们的家，”达利特说。
"We'll come back for the memory of Shiri and for the people that didn't have the chance to live here, and for the memory of my parents, and to continue our roots, and for my children, because this is our home," Dalit says.
然而，她、阿奇和他们的孩子们--目前流离失所，住在更北的一个小镇的一套公寓里--面临着两年的等待，等待尼尔奥兹完全重新开放。
However, she, Achi and their children - currently displaced and living in an apartment in a town further north - face a two-year wait for Nir Oz to reopen fully.
重建项目主任艾米·帕尔莫（Emi Palmor）表示：“恐怖分子渗透到了97%的家庭，烧毁了近50%的家庭。”“现在这是以色列唯一一个必须彻底拆除和彻底重新规划的地方。“她说，重新设计基布兹是一个很难的平衡，让它感觉像家一样，但又不会给返回的人造成新的创伤。
"Terrorists penetrated 97% of the households and burned down almost 50%," says Emi Palmor, director of the rebuilding project. "Now it's the only place in Israel that has to be completely demolished and completely replanned." She says that it is a difficult balance to redesign the kibbutz so that it feels like home but does not cause new trauma to those who return.
艾米·帕尔默（Emi Palmor）是尼尔奥兹重建和恢复项目的主任。“这是一场巨大的辩论--一场非常痛苦的辩论，”艾米说。“有些人说，‘如果我回到这里，我希望整个地区看起来平静。我不需要被提醒，因为我每天都记得我失去的人。其他人说，‘有这样的否认--如果我们要拆掉最后的房子，谁会相信呢？'“2023年10月7日，以色列南部发生袭击事件，估计有6，000名巴勒斯坦人涌入加沙边境，造成约1，200人死亡，251人被扣为人质。
Emi Palmor is the director of the Reconstruction and Rehabilitation Project at Nir Oz "It's a huge debate – a very painful debate," Emi says. "Some people say, 'If I come back here, I want the entire area to look serene. I don't have to be reminded because I remember every day the people I lost.' Other people say, 'There is such denial – if we will take down the last houses, who will ever believe?'" About 1,200 people were killed and 251 taken hostage after an estimated 6,000 Palestinians streamed across the Gaza border during the attacks on southern Israel on 7 October 2023.
据哈马斯领导的卫生部称，以色列和哈马斯之间随后爆发的战争已导致加沙超过74，200人死亡，联合国认为卫生部的总体数据是准确的。
The ensuing war between Israel and Hamas has killed more than 74,200 people in Gaza, according to the Hamas-run health ministry, whose overall figures are seen as accurate by the UN.
尽管去年美国斡旋达成的停火协议将最后一批人质带回，但暴力仍在持续，包括几乎每日发生的以色列对加沙的攻击。加沙的210万人口几乎全部流离失所，领土的大部分已经成为废墟。美国总统特朗普的和平计划陷入僵局。
Despite the US-brokered ceasefire deal which brought the last hostages home a year ago, violence has continued, including near-daily Israeli attacks on Gaza. Nearly all of Gaza's 2.1 million population has been displaced and much of the territory is in ruins. US President Donald Trump's peace plan is at an impasse.
对以色列人来说，还有关于以色列安全部队未能预防10月7日攻击的责任问题悬而未决。尼尔奥兹的居民们支持成立全面的国家调查委员会，并仍然存在重大的安全担忧。
For Israelis, there are outstanding questions over accountability for the failure of Israel's security forces to have prevented the 7 October attacks. People from Nir Oz favour a comprehensive state commission of inquiry and still have major security concerns.
包括阿哈隆夫一家在内的幸存者们都受到了创伤后应激障碍。达利特回忆起她的大儿子乌里在2023年10月7日过九岁生日时的情景——那天他们整天躲在防空洞里。她说：“他告诉我，‘妈妈，我不想在我的生日死去。’”“你知道吗，人们不理解，我们仍然生活在这个可怕的日子里。”这次攻击的周年纪念日是没有任何人质还留在加沙的第一个纪念日。“这真是巨大的解脱，”达利特说。阿奇认为现在正是专注于个人康复的时候。
Survivors, including the Aharons, suffer from post-traumatic stress. Dalit recalls how her eldest son, Uri, turned nine on 7 October 2023 - when they spent the day hiding in their bomb shelter. "He told me, 'Mum, I don't want to die on my birthday,'" she says. "You know people don't understand that we still live this horrible day." This anniversary of the attacks is the first with no hostages remaining in Gaza. "It's a very big relief," Dalit says. Achi sees that now is the time to focus on personal healing.
“直到人质回来之前，这是我们唯一能想到的事情，”他说。“现在你有时间专注于自己，专注于你失去的东西，你需要的东西。现在是我们的恢复，或尽可能地进行某种恢复。”
"Until the hostages came back, it was the only thing on our mind," he says. "Now you have the time to concentrate on yourself, on what you lost, what you need. Now it's our recovery or some kind of recovery as much as we can."