世界银行的一份报告指出，人工智能（AI）为低收入和中等收入国家克服长期存在的发育挑战提供了“历史性机遇”，但获益最多的国家却准备最不足。
Artificial intelligence (AI) presents a "historic opportunity" for low- and middle-income countries to overcome long-standing development challenges, but the countries with the most to gain are the least prepared, according to a World Bank report.
题为《人工智能的承诺》的《2026年世界发展报告》称，发展中国家应首先采用现有的人工智能工具，并根据当地需求进行调整，然后再推进构建自己的前沿模型。
The World Development Report 2026, titled 'The Promise of Artificial Intelligence', said developing countries should first adopt existing AI tools and adapt to them for local needs before advancing to build their own frontier models.
报告称，对于大多数发展中国家而言，构建前沿模型“在近期内并非一个现实的目标”。
Building frontier models is "not a realistic goal in the near future" for most developing countries, the report said.
报告指出：“只有少数国家和公司拥有在该水平上竞争的资源，且进展可能需要数年时间。一些国家正在取得进展。
"Only a small number of countries and companies have the resources to compete at that level, and progress might take years. A few countries are making inroads.
例如印度的 Sarvam AI、阿拉伯联合酋长国的 Falcon 以及撒哈拉以南非洲的 InkubaLM，它们都是从头开始构建的，以便在当地语言中更好地发挥作用。”
Examples include India's Sarvam AI, the United Arab Emirates' Falcon, and Sub-Saharan Africa's InkubaLM, which were built from scratch to work better in local languages," it said.
报告称，人工智能的传播速度比以往的技术更快。在 ChatGPT 推出后的六个月内，中等收入国家占其全球流量的一半。
The report said AI was spreading faster than earlier technologies. Within six months of ChatGPT's launch, middle-income countries accounted for half of its global traffic.
然而，使用上的差距仍然很大。高收入国家近 25% 的互联网用户采用了 ChatGPT，而中低收入国家为 4.7%，低收入国家仅为 0.7%。
The gap in usage, however, remains wide. nearly 25 per cent of internet users in high-income countries had adopted ChatGPT, compared with 4.7 per cent in lower-middle-income countries and 0.7 per cent in low-income countries.
报告称，在低收入和中等收入国家，生成式人工智能可以自动化的工作岗位约占 4.5%，而高收入国家这一比例为 14.2%。
About 4.5 per cent of jobs in low- and middle-income countries can be automated by generative AI, against 14.2 per cent in high-income countries, the report said.
报告指出：“在发展中国家，人工智能带来的直接颠簸风险仅限于一小部分工作岗位，涉及从事知识密集型专业服务的人员。另一方面，人工智能有可能提高许多小企业的业务能力，目前大多数人都受雇于这些企业，且他们从事的是体力劳动而非脑力劳动。”
"In developing countries, the immediate risk of disruption from AI is limited to a small share of jobs, involving people employed in knowledge-intensive professional services. On the flip side, AI has the potential to improve the capabilities of many small businesses, in which most people are currently employed and in which they undertake manual rather than cognitive work," it said.
报告还指出，发展中国家应当“既不被围绕人工智能的炒作所迷惑，也不被歇斯底里所吓倒”。
Developing countries should be "blinded neither by the hype nor the hysteria" surrounding AI, it said.