华盛顿，10月9日——据路透社/Ipsos的一项民意调查，约78%的美国人认为唐纳德·特朗普总统的政策导致物价上涨速度超过了他们的收入。调查显示，在明年中期选举前，多数共和党人和民主党人都将生活成本视为最关心的问题。
WASHINGTON, Oct 9 - Some 78% of Americans blame President Donald Trump's policies for rising prices that are outpacing their earnings, according to a Reuters/Ipsos poll that found majorities of Republicans and Democrats citing the cost of living as their top concern ahead of next month's midterm elections.
特朗普的共和党支持者中，有57%的人表示，生活成本的增长速度超过了他们的工资收入。这清楚地表明，他推行进口关税、与伊朗开战及其他政策，与其2024年竞选的核心承诺——“上任第一天”就消除通货膨胀、降低物价——形成了鲜明冲突。然而，通货膨胀反而加剧，以至于美国联邦储备银行不得不转向加息以抑制物价上涨。政策制定者认为，物价上涨与多种因素有关，包括伊朗战争爆发后全球能源成本的上升，以及政府征收的高额进口税。
Fifty-seven percent of Trump's Republicans said that costs have been growing faster than their paychecks, a stark example of how his pursuit of import tariffs, war with Iran and other policies have clashed with a central 2024 campaign promise to kill inflation and lower prices "on day one." Inflation instead has increased, to the point where the US Federal Reserve has pivoted to rate hikes to quell price increases policymakers have attributed to a variety of factors, including rising global energy costs following the start of the Iran war, and the administration's imposition of aggressive import taxes.
对经济和战争的担忧已将特朗普的公众支持率降至历史低点，并削弱了人们对他在11月3日选举中所属政党的支持。此次选举将决定未来两年国会的控制权。
Concerns about the economy and the war have driven Trump's public approval to record lows and have been weighing on support for his party ahead of the November 3 election that will determine control of Congress for the next two years.
大约四分之一的共和党人对特朗普处理经济的方式表示不满，而63%的独立选民和92%的民主党人也持相同看法。当话题转向通货膨胀时，不满情绪更为强烈：68%的受访者以及40%的共和党人对此感到不满。
About one in four Republicans disapproved of Trump's handling of the economy, a view shared by 63% of independents and 92% of Democrats. Disapproval was even sharper when it came to inflation, with 68% of all respondents and 40% of Republicans dissatisfied.
来自堪萨斯州使命山城的65岁退休银行审查员杰弗里·塔利是一名共和党人。他表示，自己曾在2016年投票支持特朗普，但2020年和2024年都没有这样做，并计划在此次意外激烈的参议员竞选中投票给民主党候选人亚当·汉密尔顿。
Jeffrey Talley, 65, a retired bank examiner from Mission Hills, Kansas, is aed Republican, who said he voted for Trump in 2016 but not in 2020 or 2024 and now plans to vote for Democrat Adam Hamilton in what has become an unexpectedly competitive Senate race in the state.
“我非常反对中东地区因伊朗战争而发生的种种荒唐事，这推高了汽油价格……这令人非常沮丧，”塔利（Talley）说道。他将此次选举视为一个机会，可以选出“某个人来制衡白宫目前发生的疯狂行径”。这项为期六天的路透社/益普索（Reuters/Ipsos）民意调查于周一完成，通过网络在全美范围内收集了4506名美国成年人的回复。
"I'm pretty much against all the nonsense that's going on in the Middle East with the Iran war, and pushing up the price of gasoline ... that's been very disheartening," said Talley. He views the election as a chance to elect "somebody to put a check and balance on the craziness that's going on in the White House." The six-day Reuters/Ipsos poll, conducted online and nationwide and completed on Monday, gathered responses from 4,506 US adults.
该调查对美国普通民众的误差幅度为2个百分点，对共和党人、民主党人和独立人士的误差幅度为3个百分点。“一切都在涨价”周四，全美汽油平均价格为每加仑4.36美元，而一年前为3.11美元；柴油价格则达到6.28美元，此前经历了一轮创纪录的上涨，在包括堪萨斯州在内的农业州，这种感受或许最为深刻。
It had a margin of error of 2 percentage points for Americans in general and 3 points for Republicans, Democrats and independents. 'EVERYTHING HAS GONE UP' The national average price of a gallon of gasoline was $4.36 on Thursday compared with $3.11 a year ago, while diesel fuel prices stood at $6.28 after a record run-up perhaps felt deepest in farm states including Kansas.
另一位堪萨斯州人、来自堪萨斯城的41岁居民雅典娜·巴雷特（Athena Barrett）表示，特朗普的表现促使她去投票，因为“我真的不喜欢总统现在的所作所为”。“汽油价格……食品价格、生活成本——一切都在上涨；还有伊朗那边发生的事情，以及所有关于移民的问题，”身为西班牙裔的巴雷特说道。
Another Kansan, 41-year-old Athena Barrett of Kansas City, said Trump's performance had motivated her to to vote because "I don't really like what the president is doing." "Gas prices ... food prices, the cost of living -- everything has gone up; what's going on with Iran, and all the stuff with immigration," said Barrett, who is Hispanic.
西班牙裔选民在2024年大选中曾大量支持特朗普，但民调显示这种支持率正在流失。
Hispanic voters supported Trump in large numbers in 2024, but polls have shown support eroding.
白宫发言人泰勒·罗杰斯（Taylor Rogers）表示，特朗普通过减税和降低处方药成本来提振经济，从而终结了他前任、民主党人乔·拜登（Joe Biden）任内的“通胀危机”。“总统已经为美国家庭带来了实实在在的成果，”罗杰斯说道。通胀在拜登任内飙升至40年来的最高点，并在特朗普2024年的大选胜利中发挥了重要作用。
White House spokeswoman Taylor Rogers said Trump had ended the "inflation crisis" of his predecessor in office, Democrat Joe Biden, by boosting the economy with tax cuts and lowering the costs of prescription drugs. "The president has delivered tangible wins for American families," Rogers said by Inflation spiked to a 40-year high during Biden's term and played an important role in Trump's 2024 election victory.
尽管通胀已从新冠疫情期间的高位回落，但其持续存在意味着汽油、碎牛肉和机票等日常消费品价格依然高企，利率也居高不下。目前30年期住房抵押贷款利率为7.5%，是购房者六年前习惯水平的两倍。
Its persistence, albeit off the highs of the COVID pandemic, has meant higher daily prices for things like gas, ground beef and airline tickets as well as higher interest rates. The 30-year home mortgage is now at 7.5%, double what homebuyers were used to just six years ago.
民意调查的受访者指出，生活成本是他们投票决策中的首要问题。54%的受访者表示，过去一年的生活成本大幅上涨，其中共和党人中这一比例为40%；相比之下，仅有30%的人认为生活成本仅略有上涨，10%的人则表示生活成本没有变化。
Poll respondents cited the cost of living as a top issue in their decisions on how to vote, with 54% of respondents, including 40% of Republicans, saying they felt it had increased a lot in the last year, compared with 30% who said it was up only a little and 10% who said it was unchanged.
约78%的受访者认为白宫应对此负有一定责任，其中包括64%的共和党和76%的独立选民。大多数美国人也认为关税是物价上涨的重要原因。
Some 78% of the respondents - including 64% of Republicans and 76% of independents - said some blame lies with the White House, with most Americans viewing tariffs as an important cause of higher prices.
支出减少幅度有限 此次民调仅能有限地反映民众削减支出的情况。约63%的受访者表示，他们减少在外就餐的频率；56%的人则表示，他们在娱乐或流媒体服务上的支出有所减少。选择减少驾车或出现账单拖欠的受访者比例则更低。
LITTLE HIT TO SPENDING The poll provided only limited indications of people cutting back on spending. Some 63% of respondents said they were eating out at restaurants less often, and 56% said they were spending less on entertainment or streaming services. Smaller shares said they were driving less or falling behind on bills.
经济数据显示，即便考虑到税收和物价上涨，美国人的收入总体上仍在实现温和增长。整体小时工资的增长幅度大致与消费者价格指数同步，这意味着工资增长的大部分被物价上涨所抵消，这种“原地踏步”的状态可能使人们对经济状况的看法变得消极。
Economic data does show Americans in general still making modest gains in their income, even after accounting for taxes and rising prices. Overall hourly wage gains are growing roughly in line with the consumer price index, meaning much of any growth in pay is eaten up in higher prices, the type of treading water that can sour attitudes about the state of the economy.
美国商业圆桌会议和纽约联邦储备银行发布的消费者信心调查也反映出前景黯淡。
Surveys of consumer confidence by both the Conference Board and the New York Federal Reserve have reflected a dim outlook.
特朗普的部分政策仍有一定影响力：45%的受访者认为非法移民是物价上涨的根本原因，这与政府此前的论点相呼应——即非法入境者增加了对住房等商品的需求，从而推高了成本。
Some of Trump's policies still resonate: 45% of respondents said unauthorized immigration was a root cause of higher prices, echoing the argument made by the administration that people in the country illegally create extra demand for things like housing, pushing up costs.
来自达拉斯的67岁赫尔曼·西姆斯自2012年以来一直投票支持共和党人。尽管他所工作的卡车运输公司深受柴油价格上涨的影响，他仍计划在得克萨斯州州长选举中继续支持共和党候选人——该场选举在州总检察长肯·帕克斯顿和民主党人詹姆斯·塔拉里科之间展开，且竞争十分激烈。
Herman Sims, 67, of Dallas, has voted Republican since 2012, and plans to continue doing so in a close Senate race between Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton and Democrat James Talarico even though he works for a trucking company hit hard by high diesel prices.
尽管他表示不同意特朗普决定与伊朗开战，但他不会投票给民主党人：“我看到的民主党是，他们更关心自己，会对你说任何话，但他们更热衷于花钱。” 路透社
While he said he disagreed with Trump's decision to go to war with Iran, he would not vote for a Democrat: "What I've seen with the Democratic Party is they care more about themselves and will tell you anything, but they're more about spending." REUTERS