四名以色列军情兵士承认，他们收到指示，在加沙地带对居民建筑使用“重型炸弹”，而未先疏散居民，导致数百名巴勒斯坦人死亡和受伤，媒体周一报道。
Four Israeli military intelligence soldiers acknowledged they received instructions to use “heavy bombs” against inhabited buildings in the Gaza Strip without evacuating residents first, in strikes that killed and injured hundreds of Palestinians, according to a media report on Monday.
这些兵士向以色列报纸《哈雷兹》提供了上述说法，正值以色列在加沙的屠杀仍在继续，该屠杀始于2023年10月。
The soldiers gave their accounts to the Israeli newspaper Haaretz, as Israel continues its genocide in Gaza, which began in October 2023.
以色列军方一再声称，在发动袭击前会警告加沙平民撤离，这一做法也常被包括总理本杰明·内塔尼亚胡在内的以色列官员吹嘘。
The Israeli army has repeatedly claimed that it warns civilians in Gaza to evacuate before strikes, a practice Israeli officials, including Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, have frequently boasted.
然而，兵士的证词与这些说法相矛盾，他们透露自加沙战争爆发以来，实弹射击规定已发生根本性变化，而加沙约有240万巴勒斯坦人居住。
However, soldiers' testimonies contradict these claims, as they revealed a complete change in open-fire regulations since the start of the war on Gaza, where approximately 2.4 million Palestinians live.
一名仅以“A”字母标识的情报兵士负责追踪加沙的哈马斯指挥官，他说：“我们几乎对哈马斯及其军事分支在现场的情况一无所知。
One intelligence soldier, identified only as A, who was tasked with tracking Hamas commanders in Gaza, said: “We knew almost nothing about Hamas and its military wing at the field level.
‘2023年10月，我们几乎是从零开始，去识别他们的成员和行动人员所在位置，’他说。
“In October 2023, we started almost from scratch to identify where their members and operatives were,” he said.
他补充说，确定目标的标准被迅速放宽，同时“比例性概念和重型武器使用方式也发生了急剧变化”，此外，将平民死亡视为“附带损害”的相关政策也大幅放松。
He added that the criteria for defining a target were quickly loosened, alongside “a sharp change in the concept of proportionality and the use of heavy weapons” and a significant easing of the policy governing the killing of civilians considered “collateral damage.”
《哈阿雷茨报》称，扩大的目标政策以及四名士兵的证词描绘出“一种根本不同的战争观念，在这种观念中，即使是相对次要的目标，也可能被视为足以发动攻击并造成平民伤亡的正当理由”。
Expanded targeting policy Haaretz said the testimonies of the four soldiers portrayed “a fundamentally different concept of warfare, in which even relatively minor targets could be considered sufficient justification for attacks to harm civilians.”
该报指出，军方将大量平民归类为“附带损害”，并非仅仅是失误或错误识别的结果，而是源于一项将火力使用范围“最大化”的政策。
The newspaper said the large number of civilians classified by the military as “collateral damage” was not simply the result of failures or mistaken identification, but stemmed from a policy of expanding the use of firepower “to the maximum extent.”
《哈阿雷茨报》表示，在战争爆发的三年间，类似的说法已经多次出现，而试图弥补2023年10月7日情报失误的努力，“助长了前所未有的平民伤亡容忍度”。该报以2023年10月31日以色列对加沙北部杰巴利亚难民营内一处大型住宅区发动的空袭为例。此次袭击的公开目标是哈马斯杰巴利亚营的指挥官易卜拉欣·比亚里。
Haaretz said similar accounts had been presented during the three years of the war and that efforts to compensate for the intelligence failures of Oct. 7, 2023, “contributed to unprecedented tolerance for civilian casualties.”The newspaper cited an Oct. 31, 2023 Israeli airstrike on a large residential complex in the Jabalia refugee camp in northern Gaza as one example. The stated target was Ibrahim Biari, a Hamas battalion commander in Jabalia.
“我们知道比亚里藏在地下，位于大型建筑下方，但我们不知道具体是哪栋建筑下面，”一名仅以D为代号指代的士兵说。
“We knew Biari was underground, beneath large buildings, but we did not know beneath which building,” said a soldier identified only as D.
“因此，他们选择了仍有居民居住的建筑，并决定摧毁他所在隧道上方的所有建筑。我们没有执行疏散，因为必须确保在让他逃脱之前将其击毙，”他说。
“So they chose buildings that were still inhabited and decided to destroy all the buildings above the tunnel where he was located. We did not carry out an evacuation because it was important to kill him without allowing him to escape,” he said.
自称参与此次任务的士兵A表示，目标小组的成员清楚，可能受伤害的平民数量“极其庞大”。“在军事情报对潜在附带损害的评估中，提到的人数在250到300人之间，因此这一决定被上报，由总参谋长直接批准，”他说。
Soldier A, who said he took part in the mission, said members of the targeting cell understood that the number of civilians likely to be harmed “was extremely high.”“In the military intelligence estimates of potential collateral damage, there was talk of 250 to 300 people, so the decision was passed up for direct approval by the chief of staff,” he said.
“在袭击之后，随着时间推移，我们了解到死亡人数大约是250人，”他补充道，指的是巴勒斯坦平民。
“After the strike, as time passed, we understood that the number of dead was around 250,” he added, referring to Palestinian civilians.
“我记得当几栋人口稠密的建筑被夷为平地，导致数百人死亡时，我感到震惊，这只是为了击毙一名仅在几周前还不被视为目标的营长，”他说。
“I remember being shocked when several densely populated buildings were flattened, killing hundreds, in order to kill a battalion commander who only a few weeks earlier would not even have been considered a target,” he said.
针对贾巴利亚大屠杀，以色列军方声称该袭击已“多次重新规划以减少对平民的伤害”，并表示预期的平民伤亡“并非数百人”。军方称袭击后，“损失被发现超出最初评估”。平民血腥事件以色列左翼组织“打破沉默”执行董事纳达夫·韦曼谴责军方在加沙的行为。
Responding to the Jabalia massacre, the Israeli army claimed that the strike had been “replanned several times to reduce harm to civilians,” saying the expected number of civilian casualties “was not in the hundreds.”The army claimed that after the strike, “the damage was found to have exceeded its initial assessment.”Civilian bloodshed Nadav Weiman, executive director of Breaking the Silence, a left-wing Israeli organization, denounced the army’s conduct in Gaza.
“我们不能允许杀害300名平民来暗杀一名营长，”他说。“也不能为了杀死每一名哈马斯卡车司机而杀害20名平民，然后公开声称我们已尽一切可能防止无辜者受害。”
“We cannot allow the killing of 300 civilians to assassinate a battalion commander,” he said. “Nor can we kill 20 civilians to kill every Hamas truck driver and then claim publicly that we did everything possible to prevent harm to innocent people.
“是时候让下达这些命令的人承担责任，而不是试图摆脱那些勇敢决定向公众揭露真相的士兵，”韦曼说。
“It is time for those who issued these orders to take responsibility instead of trying to get rid of the soldiers who courageously decided to tell the public the truth,” Weiman said.
2024年11月，国际刑事法院对内塔尼亚胡和前国防部长约阿夫·加兰特发布逮捕令，指控其在加沙犯有战争罪和危害人类罪。
In November 2024, the International Criminal Court issued arrest warrants for Netanyahu and former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant over war crimes and crimes against humanity in Gaza.
联合国最高司法机构——国际法院，也在审理南非提起并由数国加入的案件，指控以色列在加沙对巴勒斯坦人实施种族灭绝。
The International Court of Justice, the UN’s principal judicial organ, is also hearing a case brought by South Africa and joined by several countries accusing Israel of genocide against Palestinians in Gaza.
《哈雷兹》报道，另一宗涉及士兵的案件描述了2023年10月13日针对哈马斯指挥官阿里·卡迪的行动。
Haaretz said another case described by the soldiers involved the Oct. 13, 2023 targeting of Hamas commander Ali Qadi.
据该报报道，加沙师的一名情报士兵曾警告称卡迪“行为异常”，但该师的情报官员忽视了这一警告。
According to the newspaper, an intelligence soldier in the Gaza Division had warned that Qadi “was behaving unusually,” but the division’s intelligence officer disregarded the warning.
“战争爆发几天后，卡迪成了目标，并遭到猛烈火力攻击，”士兵A说。
“A few days after the war began, Qadi became a target and was subjected to heavy fire,” soldier A said.
“当时他正和家人待在家里，他们决定要杀他。军方很快宣布他已经死亡，但实际上，卡迪是这次袭击中唯一幸存的人。所有遇难者都与目标人物没有任何关联，”他说。
“He was in the house with his family, and they decided to kill him. The army quickly announced that he had been killed, but in reality Qadi was the only person who survived the attack. Everyone who was killed had no connection to the target,” he said.
未实施疏散 另一名被确认为B的士兵曾在无人机部队服役，他说，战争爆发后，该师获得了更宽泛的行动授权，这意味着预计最多造成20名非战斗人员受伤的袭击“无需获得目标小组以外高级官员的批准”。第三名被确认为C的士兵曾在军事情报部门服役，他说，2023年10月27日地面攻势开始几个月后，他的部队被要求为机动师准备进入加沙城的一个行动区域。
Without evacuation Another soldier, identified as B, who served in a drone unit, said that after the war began, the division was authorized to operate under expanded parameters, meaning attacks expected to injure up to 20 noncombatants “did not require approval from a senior official outside the targeting cell.”A third soldier, identified as C, who served in military intelligence, said that several months after the ground offensive began on Oct. 27, 2023, his unit was asked to prepare an entry zone into Gaza City for a maneuvering division.
他说，该地区的几栋高层建筑被视为对以色列军队的威胁，而情报评估估计，仍有约25%的居民留在家中。
He said several high-rise buildings in the area were considered a threat to Israeli troops and that an intelligence assessment estimated that about 25% of residents were still inside their homes.
“当我们试图询问还有多少居民留在那里，以及这个数字是否合理时，我们被告知这些居民是地面部队的目标。我无法理解，也无法相信我们讨论的数字会多到这种程度，”他说。
“When we tried to ask how many residents remained and whether that was reasonable, we were told that those residents were targets for the forces on the ground. I could not understand or believe that we were talking about such numbers,” he said.
他还补充说，计划进入该地区的部队本可以在批准这次袭击之前等待更长时间。
He added that the forces planning to enter the area could have waited considerably longer before approving the attack.
“因此，在初期阶段，我们在没有完成疏散的情况下就发动了攻击。保护士兵被置于首位，这一点可以理解，但（平民伤亡的）数字持续增加，最终变得不合理，”他说。
“So in the early stages we attacked without a full evacuation. Defending the soldiers was given priority, which is understandable, but the numbers (of civilian casualties) kept growing and became unreasonable,” he said.
自2023年10月战争爆发以来，以色列军队在这场残酷的战争中已造成超过74300名巴勒斯坦人死亡，另有超过175400人受伤，整个飞地已沦为废墟。
The Israeli army has killed more than 74,300 Palestinians and injured over 175,400 others in a brutal war since October 2023 that has left the entire enclave in ruins.