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彭博社

梅洛尼的预算案在“乌云”中提交意大利内阁Meloni’s Budget Heads to Italian Cabinet Amid ‘Storm Clouds’

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意大利财政部长詹卡洛·焦尔杰蒂 摄影:阿莱西亚·皮耶尔多梅尼科/彭博社Italian Finance Minister Giancarlo Giorgetti Photographer: Alessia Pierdomenico/Bloomberg

财政部长吉安卡洛·乔尔杰蒂坚称,即使在减轻因生活成本危机而陷入困境的家庭负担的同时,他的预算也将尊重欧盟的财政目标。

Finance Minister Giancarlo Giorgetti insisted his budget will respect European Union fiscal targets even while relieving families strained by the cost-of-living crisis.

随着罗马内阁将于周二晚些时候审议明年的财政计划,他对众议院议员表示,总理乔治娅·梅洛尼的政府将在审慎与帮助家庭的需求之间取得恰当的平衡。

With the cabinet in Rome set to scrutinize next year’s finance plan later on Tuesday, he told lawmakers in the Chamber of Deputies that premier Giorgia Meloni’s government will get the right balance between prudence and the need to help households.

“我们确认船只的航向,即便在此时,当我们看到地平线上有暴风雨的乌云时也是如此,”乔尔杰蒂说,他还重申,意大利明年可能会退出欧盟对大额赤字的特别监管制度。

“We confirm the course of our ship, even at a time like this when we see storm clouds on the horizon,” Giorgetti said, reiterating too that Italy will probably exit the EU’s special monitoring regime for large deficits next year.

该国的2027财政计划是大选前的最后一份计划,目前处于关键节点,其提交给布鲁塞尔的截止日期是周四。梅洛尼及其联盟正聚焦于此,此时投资者对邻国法国财政状况恶化的审查导致该地区债券市场出现溢出效应。

The country’s 2027 fiscal plan, the last before general elections, is at a crucial juncture with its delivery to Brussels due by Thursday. Meloni and her coalition are focusing on that at a time when investor scrutiny on the bloated public finances of neighboring France has caused spillover throughout the region’s bond markets.

该预算将包括减税和对家庭的援助,部分资金来源于今年超过预期的1%增长。根据政府预测,赤字将降至低于欧盟占GDP 3%的上限,债务也将在适当时机下降,这将是意大利自疫情以来首次符合欧盟规则的财政成果。

The budget will feature tax cuts and aid to families in part funded by faster-than-expected growth of 1% this year. The deficit will narrow to below the EU’s 3%-of-output limit, with debt falling in due course, according to government projections that point to Italy’s first outcome conforming with the bloc’s rules since the pandemic.

对梅洛尼而言,目标是通过一份预算,使她能够为明年的连任奠定基础,克服其三党联盟内部的紧张关系,以及由前将军罗伯托·万纳奇领导的复兴的民族未来党带来的挑战。

For Meloni, the aim is to pass a budget that will put her on track for reelection next year, overcoming tensions in her three-party coalition and a challenge from the resurgent National Future party led by former general Roberto Vannacci.

计划中的措施之一是扩大个人所得税税率档次,使年收入在50,001欧元(约55,934美元)至60,000欧元之间的收入适用33%的税率。

Among measures planned is a widening of an income-tax bracket which would cut levies to 33% for earnings between €50,001 ($55,934) and €60,000 euros.

去年,同样的措施曾适用于年收入在28,001欧元至50,000欧元之间的群体,但当时认为进一步扩大该档次成本过高。目前,意大利的另外两个所得税档次分别是:年收入不超过28,000欧元者适用23%,年收入超过50,001欧元者适用43%。

Last year, the same measure was delivered for the category between €28,001 and €50,000, but a further widening of that bracket was deemed too costly. Italy’s two other income brackets are currently 23% on salaries up to €28,000 per year, and 43% for those above €50,001.

降低年轻工人的税负,为小型商店和某些类型的住房租赁合同提供税收优惠,以及对家庭和企业的其他各种援助也可能出现,尽管吉奥杰蒂没有透露细节。

Lower levies for younger workers, tax breaks for small stores and for some types of rental contracts for homes, and various other aid to families and businesses may feature too, though Giorgetti didn’t go into details.

梅洛尼此前宣布了一项广泛的车辆所有权费用削减计划,将影响约70%的汽车和摩托车。

Meloni previously announced a sweeping reduction to fees paid for vehicle ownership which will affect about 70% of all cars and motorcycles.

为筹集部分预算,政府已向欧盟申请在所谓的国家逃逸条款下,就能源和防御成本获得额外灵活性。政府计划在两年内花费280亿至290亿欧元,相当于国内生产总值的1.2%。

To fund some of the budget, the government has asked the EU for extra leeway on energy and defense costs under the so-called national escape clause. The government plans to spend between €28 billion and €29 billion over two years, or 1.2% of gross domestic product.

“委员会已批准这一财政空间,并且肯定会用于投资以保障能源安全,”吉奥杰蒂表示。“但我们认为,它也应该以某种方式,特别是在危机初期,用于以选择性和临时性的方式对家庭和企业提供支持。”如何在保持国家财政稳定的同时筹集所有这些资金仍是一个挑战。为安抚市场,梅洛尼削减了计划中的国防开支,在该期间最多减少了80亿欧元。

“The commission has granted this fiscal space and it will be certainly used on investments to guarantee energy security,” Giorgetti said. “We however believe that it should also in some way, particularly in the initial phase of the crisis, be used to give support in a selective and temporary manner to families and businesses.”The challenge remains to fund all this while keeping the country’s accounts stable. To reassure markets, Meloni pared back as much as €8 billion from planned defense spending in the period.

意大利10年期国债与可比德国国债之间的利差——这是衡量该地区风险的一个指标——已扩大至近110个基点。虽然这是自3月以来的最高水平,但仍远低于梅洛尼首次上台时达到的超过200个基点。

The spread between Italian 10-year government bonds and comparable German ones, a measure of risk in the region, has widened to almost 110 basis points. While that’s the highest since March, it remains well below the over 200 basis points reached when Meloni first came to power.