曼谷 — 专家表示，东南亚仍然容易受到能源冲击的影响，需要共同努力连接各国电网，以减轻冲击影响，因为高油价正冲击该地区各地的企业和家庭。
BANGKOK -- Southeast Asia remains vulnerable to energy shocks and need to work together in connecting their power grids to cushion the impact, according to experts, as high oil prices hit businesses and households across the region.
“东盟需要警惕的一个特别问题是能源冲击，”国际货币基金组织亚洲及太平洋部门主任克里希纳·斯里尼瓦桑周三表示。
"One particular thing to be wary of for ASEAN is energy shock," said Krishna Srinivasan, the International Monetary Fund's director of the Asia and Pacific Department on Wednesday.
他在曼谷举行的国际货币基金组织和世界银行年度会议上发表了讲话，该会议将持续到周日。
He spoke during the IMF and World Bank's annual meetings in Bangkok that run through Sunday.
该地区许多国家严重依赖能源进口。根据世界银行的数据，2024年菲律宾净能源使用量中有58%来自进口，泰国为57%，越南为48%。资源匮乏的新加坡这一比例高达294%。
Many countries in the region rely heavily on energy imports. According to World Bank data, the Philippines imported 58% of its energy use on a net basis in 2024, Thailand 57%, and Vietnam 48%. The figure stood at 294% in resource-poor Singapore.
今年由于美国与伊朗的战争导致中东危机，油价上涨，对这些经济体产生了重大影响，导致通胀上升。亚洲开发银行东亚及东南亚以及太平洋地区副总裁斯科特·莫里斯表示，该地区应加强能源安全和互联互通，以在长期内吸收风险，特别是通过推进一个已酝酿近30年但进展甚微的东盟电网倡议。
High oil prices this year stemming from the Middle East crisis due to the U.S. war with Iran have had a substantial impact on these economies, causing inflation Scott Morris, vice president for East and Southeast Asia, and the Pacific at the Asian Development Bank, said the region should strengthen energy security and connectivity to absorb risk in the long term, particularly by revving up an ASEAN power grid initiative that has been floated for nearly 30 years but has barely seen progress.
“东盟电网正是这一旗舰项目，”他说。“它承诺建设一个区域一体化的能源市场。”东盟电网项目于1997年启动，其理念是通过跨境输电线路连接各国经济体，以增强地区能源安全。该项目最初的设想是通过泰国、马来西亚和新加坡将老挝的水电输送出去。
"The ASEAN power grid is really a flagship of this," he said. "It's the promise of a regionally integrated energy market." The ASEAN power grid project was initiated in 1997 on the concept of connecting the economies through cross-border transmission lines in order to strengthen the region's energy security. It started with an idea to transmit hydropower from Laos through Thailand, Malaysia and Singapore.
该项目在当年爆发的亚洲金融危机中失去动力。直到去年，东盟成员国才同意设立一个区域电网融资计划，以推动跨境互联互通的进程。
The project lost steam after the Asian financial crisis that began that year hit the region. Only last year, ASEAN member states agreed to set up a financing program for the regional grid, seeking to accelerate cross-border connectivity.
在周二的另一场会议上，泰国副总理兼财政部长Ekniti Nitithanprapas也提出了加快项目进度的想法，以确保东盟内部电力供应并减少对地区外进口的依赖。
During another session on Tuesday, Thailand's Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Ekniti Nitithanprapas also proposed the idea of accelerating the project in order to secure the intra-ASEAN power supply and to cut reliance on imports from outside the region.
“老挝拥有巨大的水电系统，而新加坡对能源有巨大需求，泰国可以帮助将它们连接起来，”Ekniti表示。
"Laos has a huge hydro power system, while Singapore has huge demand for energy, and Thailand can help link them together," Ekniti said.
今年的IMF会议是在亚洲金融危机近三十年后举行的，当时泰国是受货币贬值严重冲击的国家之一。
This year's IMF meeting comes nearly three decades after the Asian financial crisis in which Thailand was among nations hit hard by currency depreciation.
“我们必须提醒自己注意这场危机，”菲律宾央行行长Eli Remolona Jr.在小组讨论中表示。
"We have to remind ourselves about the crisis," the Philippines' central bank Gov. Eli Remolona Jr. told the panel.
除了连接能源电网，东盟成员国还应结合各自优势，以支撑经济并推动整个地区增长，专家们一致认为。
Apart from connecting energy grids, ASEAN member states should combine their strengths in order to support their economies and boost growth for the whole region, experts agreed.
“越南拥有大量年轻劳动力，印度尼西亚拥有丰富的矿产资源，泰国拥有良好的基础设施和制造业，而新加坡拥有强大的金融体系，”日本财务副大臣Atsushi Mimura表示。“如果东盟各国将各自优势结合起来，整体实力将大幅提升。”IMF建议东盟央行应在维护金融稳定和提供财政空间以保障经济方面发挥关键作用。
"You have a lot of young labor forces in Vietnam, rich minerals in Indonesia, good infrastructure and manufacturing in Thailand, while Singapore has a strong financial system," said Japan's vice minister of finance, Atsushi Mimura. "ASEAN will be much stronger if they combine all strengths together." The IMF suggested that ASEAN central banks should play a key role in supporting financial stability and providing fiscal headroom to safeguard the economies.
“首先，保护你们的缓冲，保护你们的财政空间，”IMF总裁Kristalina Georgieva表示。“让价格发挥作用，传递信号，而不是将财政空间用于那些可能不需要它的人。”
"First, protect your buffers, protect your fiscal space," IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva said. "Let prices do their job, send a signal, rather than using that fiscal space for those who may not need it."